BACKGROUND: National surveillance of physical activity (PA) is essential to establish public health policy actions for PA promotion and evaluation, thereby promoting accountability. The main goal of this study is to comprehensively analyse surveillance data on PA behaviours, outcomes, and influencing factors among Slovakian children and adolescents by using the methodology of the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance Global Matrix (AHKGA-GM) project. Secondary goals are to provide comparisons with international data and the identification of surveillance gaps. METHODS: A comprehensive multilevel search strategy for data about 10 core indicators and 1 additional indicator published between 2015 and 2020 (solely pre-COVID-19-pandemic data) was used. The data were then synthesised, and a set of standardised benchmarks was used to assign grades according to The Global Matrix 4.0 Grading Rubric. RESULTS: A total of 552 potentially relevant data resources were retrieved, of which 34 were identified as eligible for data extraction. Grade B was assigned to four core indicators, grade C to five core indicators, and grade D to one core indicator. The additional Sleep indicator was graded a C-. Compared with the average grades from countries with high Human Development Index scores, Slovakia received higher grades in five core indicators (Overall Physical Activity, Active Transportation, Sedentary Behaviours, School, Government), and in the aggregate Behavioural average and Overall average. Compared with global averages, Slovakia had higher grades in the aforementioned core and aggregate indicators, and in the Community and Environment core indicator and aggregate Sources of Influence average indicator. Numerous surveillance gaps were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The overall grading of the available surveillance data suggests the need for improvement in all 10 surveilled core indicators, and in additional Sleep indicator. Despite the fact that numerous identified surveillance gaps limit the overall informative value of the current grade, they provide the important information needed to enhance surveillance of PA-related indicators in Slovakia. For instance, the focus should be put on younger children and parents, on obtaining the device-measured data on various movement behaviours, on the topic of outdoor physical activities, and policy evaluation.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
V roce 2023 uplyne přesně 100 let od prvního celoplošného národního testování úrovně tělesné zdat- nosti u mládeže na území tehdejšího Československa. V kontextu této zcela unikátní a neopakovatelné příležitosti se naskýtá možnost zjištění objektivně změřených sekulárních trendů tělesné zdatnosti v našich zemích. Cíle: Hlavním cílem projektu je na základě nám známé historické metodiky realizovat s odstupem 100 let plošné objektivní testování úrovně tělesné zdatnosti u 11–19leté mládeže na území tehdejšího Československa a výsledné hodnoty komparovat s původní studií. Záměrem tohoto článku je pak představit design výzkumu včetně podrobné metodiky. Metodika: Metodika opakovaného testování úrovně tělesné zdatnosti je redukovaná, nicméně je připravena v souladu s dřívější historickou metodikou. Studie bude realizována na výzkumném souboru 11–19letých jedinců vybraných z předpokládaného finálního počtu 20 zapojených škol (15 českých a 5 slovenských škol). Školy budou vyselektovány stratifikovaným výběrem z dochovaného historického seznamu původně zúčastněných škol. Testování bude obsahovat celkem 3 somatická měření (tělesná výška celková, tělesná výška vsedě a tělesná hmotnost) a 5 motorických testů (skok do dálky z místa, hod malým míčkem do dálky z místa, shyby na pevném nářadí ze svisu, rychlostní běh a vytrvalostní běh). Sběr dat je naplánován na období přesně odpovídajícímu 100 letům od prvotního výzkumu (březen až duben 2023). Výsledky: Výsledky přispějí mimo jiné k přesnému stanovení důkazně podložených dlouhodobých trendů tělesné zdatnosti u naší mladé populace. Závěry: Představený design studie uvádí kromě racionále, cíle, předpokládaných výstupů i detailní metodiku výzkumu, která je zacílena na zjištění objektivně změřených 100letých trendů tělesné zdatnosti u mládeže na našem území. Výzkumný projekt zároveň přispěje ke zvýšení informovanosti odborné i široké veřejnosti o dané problematice.
In 2023, exactly 100 years will pass since the first nationwide testing of the physical fitness level among youth in the territory of the former Czechoslovakia. In the context of this completely unique and unrepeatable opportunity, there is the possibility of finding objectively measured secular trends in physical fitness in our countries. Objective: The main objective of the project is, based on the historical methods known to us, to implement a comprehensive objective testing of the physical fitness level among 11-19-year-old youth in the territory of the former Czechoslovakia with an interval of 100 years and to compare the results with the original study. The purpose of this article is to present the research design including detailed methods. Methods: The methods of repeated testing of the physical fitness level are reduced, however, it is prepared in accordance with the earlier historical methods. The study will be carried out on a research group of 11-19-year-old individuals selected from the expected final number of 20 participating schools (15 Czech and 5 Slovak schools). The schools will be selected by a stratified selection from the preserved historical list of originally participating schools. The testing will include a total of 3 somatic measurements (body height, sitting height and body weight) and 5 motor tests (standing broad jump, standing small ball throw, pull-ups, speed run and endurance run). Data collection is planned for a period exactly corresponding to 100 years from the initial research (March to April 2023). Results: Among other things, the results will contribute to the accurate determination of evidence-based long-term trends in physical fitness in our youth population. Conclusions: The presented design of the study introduces, in addition to the rationale, goals, expected outputs, detailed research methods, which are aimed at finding objectively measured 100-year trends in physical fitness among youth in our territory. At the same time, the research project will contribute to increasing the awareness of experts and the public about the given area.
- MeSH
- antropometrie MeSH
- časové faktory * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- motorické dovednosti MeSH
- průřezové studie metody MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost * MeSH
- tělesná výška MeSH
- vývoj dítěte MeSH
- zátěžový test MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
Physical inactivity is currently a significant problem in Western societies. Among the many factors that affect the amount of physical activity in children, socioeconomic status, the type of school, and the area where they live can play a major role in physical development. A total of 31,620 children (6.3 ± 0.53 years; 15,726 boys; 15,893 girls), representing 55.6 % of the entire Slovak population of first graders, participated in eight motor performance (MP) tests, the results of which were correlated with somatic parameters (body height, body weight, and body mass index (BMI)) and socioeconomic indicators (SEIs) within the children's respective territorial regions. The largest correlations were observed between MP and unemployment rate (r = -0.802) and between MP and economically active population with primary education (r = -0.807). Other correlations between MP and SEIs were also found at the level of self-governing regions (r = 0.995) and districts (r = 0.551). SEIs and MP were strongly correlated, indicating that children who grow up in better socioeconomic environments display greater MP. Therefore, national and local governments should provide tangible and intangible resources to enable the proper development of children's MP.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- socioekonomické faktory MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- tělesná výška * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: Physical development can be considered as an indicator of the overall health status of the youth population. Currently, it appears that the increasing trend of the prevalence of obesity among children and youths has stopped in a number of countries worldwide. Studies point to the fact that adolescence is a critical period for the development of obesity. Body mass index (BMI) seems to be an orientation parameter in the assessment of prevalence of obesity which is not sufficient for more accurate identification of at risk individuals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate association between BMI percentile zones as health-risk for being overweight and obese and body composition indicators in high-school students from the Prešov (Slovakia) region. METHODS: A non-randomized cross-sectional study in high school students from the Prešov (Slovakia) region was conducted. The research sample consisted of 1014 participants (boys n = 466, girls n = 549). Body composition was measured using direct segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (DSM-BIA). To examine the association between obesity and selected body composition indicators, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Eta(2) were used. The relationship between selected body composition indicators and percentile BMI zones was determined using the Kendall tau correlation. RESULTS: In groups with different BMI percentile zones (normal weight, overweight, obese), ANOVA showed significant differences for girls and boys (p ˂.05) with high effect size (η(2) ˂.26) in body weight, body fat mass index, body fat percentage, fat free mass index, fat-free mass percentage, visceral fat area, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, protein mass and mineral mass. The highest degree of correlation among boys was between BMI values indicating overweight and obesity and fat free mass index and waist circumference, respectively (τ = .71, τ = .70, respectively). In girls, the highest correlation was found between classification of BMI percentile zones and waist circumference (t = .78). CONCLUSION: The characteristics of body composition are very useful determinants of health and nutrition status. Our data revealed a direct association between BMI value and chosen body composition indicators. The most accurate indicator of overweight and obesity in our study appears to be waist circumference for both male and female population.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nadváha epidemiologie MeSH
- obezita epidemiologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- složení těla fyziologie MeSH
- studenti statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika epidemiologie MeSH
The purpose of this study was to examine associations between body composition measures and cardiorespiratory fitness in Slovak high school students. Data on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness were obtained from students attending 14 high schools in Presov self-governing region. Body composition was measured using a direct segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer InBody 230 (Biospace, 2006). Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by multistage shuttle run and Ruffier test. The results showed that boys had higher level of cardiorespiratory fitness indicated by VO2 max and Ruffier index than girls across all age groups. Overall, maximal oxygen uptake of both boys and girls increased with age. According to VO2 max the level of cardiorespiratory fitness was poor for boys and girls. The physical development was found to be normal as expressed by BMI. Mean values of WHR and VFA showed normal degree of abdominal obesity and visceral fatness. Correlation analysis showed inverse association of percent body fat and waist-hip ratio with performance in multistage shuttle run for both genders. Body height of girls negatively correlated with performance in Ruffier test. There were no statistically significant associations between Ruffier index and body composition measures for boys.
- MeSH
- břišní tuk * MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
- kardiorespirační zdatnost * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- neparametrická statistika MeSH
- obezita MeSH
- poměr pasu a boků MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- rozložení podle pohlaví MeSH
- tělesné váhy a míry MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
The aim of the study was to determine the kinanthropometric parameters of swimmers placed in talented youth groups of the Slovak Swimming Federation, related to their swimming specialisation. The selected group consisted of 35 swimmers [13 boys and 22 girls], and the average age of the group was 13.8 years. The following basic anthropometric indicators were recorded: body height, body weight, ten skinfolds, and width parameters: epicondylus humeri, epicondylus femoris and thigh and arm circumference. A standard anthropometric set was used in order to gain the data, which served as a basis when determining the subcutaneous fat percentage and the somatotype by means of Somato software. Based upon the information obtained, the swimmers were consequently divided into five categories of motor performance, reflecting the relation between the somatotypes and kinetic abilities of the swimmers. The swimming specialisation was determined by the performances with the highest points scored during the calendar year. The results of the selected group point at a significant heterogeneity of kinanthropometric parameters. It is highly probable that, when selecting a swimming discipline specialisation, the somatotype requirements of particular swimming styles were not taken into consideration. Ectomorphic component was dominant with 51,4% and the average somatotype was 2,7-3,2-4,3 for boys and 3,6-3,0-4,0 for girls. The average value of subcutaneous fat was defined as low, 11,8% at boys and reduced, 16,2% at girls. Predominant category of five categories of motor performance was determined as D at boys and A at girls.
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
