BACKGROUND: To say data is revolutionising the medical sector would be a vast understatement. The amount of medical data available today is unprecedented and has the potential to enable to date unseen forms of healthcare. To process this huge amount of data, an equally huge amount of computing power is required, which cannot be provided by regular desktop computers. These areas can be (and already are) supported by High-Performance-Computing (HPC), High-Performance Data Analytics (HPDA), and AI (together "HPC+"). OBJECTIVE: This overview article aims to show state-of-the-art examples of studies supported by the National Competence Centres (NCCs) in HPC+ within the EuroCC project, employing HPC, HPDA and AI for medical applications. METHOD: The included studies on different applications of HPC in the medical sector were sourced from the National Competence Centres in HPC and compiled into an overview article. Methods include the application of HPC+ for medical image processing, high-performance medical and pharmaceutical data analytics, an application for pediatric dosimetry, and a cloud-based HPC platform to support systemic pulmonary shunting procedures. RESULTS: This article showcases state-of-the-art applications and large-scale data analytics in the medical sector employing HPC+ within surgery, medical image processing in diagnostics, nutritional support of patients in hospitals, treating congenital heart diseases in children, and within basic research. CONCLUSION: HPC+ support scientific fields from research to industrial applications in the medical area, enabling researchers to run faster and more complex calculations, simulations and data analyses for the direct benefit of patients, doctors, clinicians and as an accelerator for medical research.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počítačové metodologie * MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu MeSH
- software * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Morus alba L. is used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various diseases, including bacterial infections and inflammation. As a rich source of phenolic compounds, the plant is an object of many phytochemical and pharmacological studies. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study was to isolate and evaluate possible parallel antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of phenolic mulberry compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Extensive chromatographic separation of mulberry root bark extract and in vitro biological screening of 26 constituents identified promising candidates for further pharmacological research. Selected compounds were screened for anti-infective and anti-inflammatory activities. Antiviral activity was determined by the plaque number reduction assay and by the titer reduction assay, antibacterial using broth microdilution method, and anti-inflammatory activity using COX Colorimetric inhibitor screening assay kit. One compound was evaluated in vivo in carrageenan-induced paw-edema in mice. RESULTS: Five prenylated compounds 1, 2, 8, 9, and 11, together with a simple phenolic ester 13, exhibited inhibitory activity against the replication of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) or herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), with IC50 values ranging from 0.64 to 1.93 μg/mL, and EC50 values 0.93 and 1.61 μg/mL. Molecular docking studies demonstrated the effects of the active compounds by targeting HSV-1 DNA polymerase and HSV-2 protease. In antibacterial assay, compounds 1, 4, 11, and 17 diminished the growth of all of the Gram-positive strains tested, with MIC values of 1-16 μg/mL. The anti-inflammatory ability of several compounds to inhibit cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) was tested in vitro, and compound 16 displayed greater activity than the indomethacin, positive control. Mulberrofuran B (11) showed anti-inflammatory activity in vivo against carrageenan-induced paw-edema in mice. CONCLUSIONS: Experimental investigation showed promising antiviral, antibacterial, and/or anti-inflammatory activities of the phenolic mulberry constituents, often with multiple inhibitory effects that might be used as a potential source of new medicine.
- MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- diabetes mellitus farmakoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- glukosa metabolismus MeSH
- glykogen metabolismus MeSH
- hypoglykemika farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence MeSH
- játra účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- kosterní svaly účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- listy rostlin MeSH
- membránový potenciál mitochondrií účinky léků MeSH
- Morus * MeSH
- myši MeSH
- proteinkinasy aktivované AMP metabolismus MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Článek se zabývá problematikou stresu ve výkonu profese zdravotnického záchranáře. Přináší data z výzkumu této problemati¬ky, který byl realizován na Zdravotnické záchranné službě Pardubického kraje. Hlavním cílem bylo zjistit, jaké zátěžové situace nejvíce ovlivňují jejich psychiku, jak se vyrovnávají se stresem a jaké mají možnosti krizové intervence.
The article deals with stress in the profession of paramedics. It brings data from the research of this issue, which was implemented at the Emergency Medical Service of the Pardubice region. The main objective was to identify the most stressful situations affect their psychic, how they cope with stress and what options they have in crisis intervention.
A serological survey for West Nile virus (WNV) infection involved 395 horses from 43 administrative districts of the Czech Republic (163 animals) and 29 districts of Slovakia (232 animals), sampled between 2008 and 2011. Using a plaque-reduction neutralization microtest, antibodies to WNV were not detected in any horse from the Czech Republic, whereas 19 nonvaccinated horses from Slovakia had specific antibodies to WNV (no cross-reactions were observed with tick-borne encephalitis and Usutu flaviviruses in those animals). The seropositivity rate of nonvaccinated horses in Slovakia was 8.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.7-11.9%), and autochthonous local infection with WNV occurred at least in 11, i.e., 4.8% (95% CI 2.0-7.6%) of the animals. All seropositive horses lived in six lowland districts of southern Slovakia; overall, 15.1% (95% CI 8.8-21.4%) of 126 nonvaccinated horses were seropositive in those districts, situated relatively closely to the border with Hungary, i.e., the country where WNV disease cases have been reported in birds, horses and humans since 2003.
- MeSH
- koně * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci koní epidemiologie virologie MeSH
- neutralizující protilátky MeSH
- protilátky virové krev MeSH
- séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
- virus západního Nilu imunologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- západonilská horečka epidemiologie veterinární virologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
SCAN ; sv. 40
1. vyd. 88 s. : il., tab. ; 18 cm
Praktická příručka vznikla na základě zkušeností z výcviku pro supervizory v rámci projektu Česko-irská horizontála vedeného T. Larkinem a J. Lundbergem v Telči na podzim 2000 a za použití knihy: S. Page a V. Wosket: Supervising the Counsellor / A Cyclical Model (New York 1994).
