Strains of genus Citrobacter (152 isolates from 1950 to 1988 deposited in the Czech National Collection of Type Cultures, Prague) were re-classified using biological and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) methods. One-hundred thirty-six strains (ca. 90 %) were identified to the species level using the biological method with evaluation by Farmer matrix. MALDI-TOF MS exhibited better identification capability, the data being more compact; the method was unambiguously successful in typing 145 (95 %) strains. Comparison of the results of identification by the two methods revealed differences (for 12 samples) in identified species which, considering all biochemical and/or MS characteristics, could be attributed to the natural variability of strains and close relation of the misidentified species (all of them belonged to the Citrobacter freundii complex). Taking into account all the above data, both methods can be considered reliable; however, the MALDI-TOF MS exhibits higher accuracy, efficiency, and rapidity.

• MeSH
• Biochemistry methods   MeSH
• Citrobacter chemistry   classification   genetics   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization methods   MeSH
• Bacterial Typing Techniques methods   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH

• MeSH
• Bacteriological Techniques MeSH
• Citrobacter classification   metabolism   MeSH
• Enterobacteriaceae Infections diagnosis   microbiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Intestinal Diseases diagnosis   microbiology   MeSH
• Reagent Kits, Diagnostic MeSH
• Salmonella classification   metabolism   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH

• MeSH
• Citrobacter classification   MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Enterobacteriaceae chemistry   cytology   classification   MeSH
• Escherichia coli chemistry   cytology   MeSH
• Gram-Negative Facultatively Anaerobic Rods * chemistry   cytology   classification   MeSH
• Klebsiella chemistry   MeSH
• Microbiological Techniques * MeSH

• MeSH
• Biochemistry MeSH
• Citrobacter chemistry   classification   MeSH

Fourteen of 21 strains isolated from stools, urine specimens and the hospital environment were identified as Kluyvera. All of these 14 strains corresponded with the literary description of the genus Kluyvera and were identical with two reference strains except that one of them failed to utilize sodium acetate within 7 days. One strain (No. 23441) produced massive growth on Jordan's tartrate, which some Kluyvera do. Important in differentiating indole- and Simmons' citrate-negative Kluyvera strains from Escherichia vulneris (two other of our 21 strains) is negative ornithin decarboxylase and negative Christensen citrate in the latter. Three strains were identified as Citrobacter, where especially indole-positive and urease-negative strains may be reminiscent of Kluyvera. An aberrant strain, No. 25115, which alone failed to grow at 42 degrees C and by some characters differed from Kluyvera, E. vulneris and Enteric Group 10, was identified as E. coli.

• MeSH
• Acetates metabolism   MeSH
• Bacteriuria microbiology   MeSH
• Citrates metabolism   MeSH
• Citrobacter classification   metabolism   MeSH
• Enterobacteriaceae classification   enzymology   growth & development   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Escherichia classification   metabolism   MeSH
• Feces microbiology   MeSH
• Indoles metabolism   MeSH
• Acetic Acid MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Ornithine Decarboxylase analysis   MeSH
• Tartrates metabolism   MeSH
• Urease analysis   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czechoslovakia MeSH