The Mediterranean fruit fly (or medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann; Diptera: Tephritidae), is a serious pest of agriculture worldwide, displaying a very wide larval host range with more than 250 different species of fruit and vegetables. Olfaction plays a key role in the invasive potential of this species. Unfortunately, the pheromone communication system of the medfly is complex and still not well established. In this study, we report the isolation of chemicals emitted by sexually mature individuals during the "calling" period and the electrophysiological responses that these compounds elicit on the antennae of male and female flies. Fifteen compounds with electrophysiological activity were isolated and identified in male emissions by gas chromatography coupled to electroantennography (GC-EAG). Within the group of 15 identified compounds, 11 elicited a response in antennae of both sexes, whilst 4 elicited a response only in female antennae. The binding affinity of these compounds, plus 4 additional compounds known to be behaviourally active from other studies, was measured using C. capitata OBP, CcapOBP83a-2. This OBP has a high homology to Drosophila melanogaster OBPs OS-E and OS-F, which are associated with trichoid sensilla and co-expressed with the well-studied Drosophila pheromone binding protein LUSH. The results provide evidence of involvement of CcapOBP83a-2 in the medfly's odorant perception and its wider specificity for (E,E)-α-farnesene, one of the five major compounds in medfly male pheromone emission. This represents the first step in the clarification of the C. capitata and pheromone reception pathway, and a starting point for further studies aimed towards the creation of new powerful attractants or repellents applicable in the actual control strategies.

• MeSH
• Ceratitis capitata metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• čich fyziologie   MeSH
• elektrofyziologické jevy MeSH
• feromony izolace a purifikace   fyziologie   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• receptory pachové fyziologie   MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• tykadla členovců MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

In laboratory experiments, conspecific excretions and ammonia solutions evoked avoidance reactions in tadpoles of three anuran species, Bufo bufo, Rana temporaria, and Rana arvalis. A differential sensitivity of ammonia chemoreception was determined for two anuran species. For Bufo bufo tadpoles, these characteristics at ammonia background concentration of 0.2 mg/l lied in the range 150 % < dI/I < 500 %, and for background of 0.4 mg/l the value lied in the range 400 % < dI/I < 500 %. For Rana temporaria tadpoles, differential threshold against ammonia background concentration of 0.15 mg/l was close to 200 % and against background ammonia concentration of 1.1 mg/l was close to 100 %. These results suggest that such sensitivity of both anurans is sufficient for using ammonia in intra- and interspecies communication.

• MeSH
• amoniak chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• experimenty na zvířatech MeSH
• feromony chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• komunikace zvířat MeSH
• laboratoře využití   MeSH
• larva enzymologie   chemie   MeSH
• obojživelníci MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• žáby MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH

Projekt usiluje o prevenci Lymské borreliozy a klíšťové encefalitidy regulací početnosti vektorů-klíšťat. Poznání sexuálního chování a izolace, identifikace a syntéza sexuálních feromonů umožní negativně ovlivnit reprodukční schopnost klíšťat. Uměle vytvořený nadbytek sexuálních feromonů v prostředí nebo srsti hostitele znemožní samcům lokalizovat samice a kopulovat. To se nutně projeví ve snížení hustoty celé populace klíšťat.; The project deals with prevention of tick-borne diseases by regulation of vector number. The knowledge on tick sexual behaviour and isolation, indetification and synthesis of tick sexual pheromones can help to negative influence on tick reproduction. Ambient artificially overcrowded with sexual pheromones may cause the desorientation of males and their unability to localize females and mate. This can be apparent in the density of whole population.

• MeSH
• feromony izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• infekce přenášené vektorem MeSH
• kontrola klíšťat MeSH
• sexuální lákadla aplikace a dávkování   MeSH

• Konspekt
• Buněčná biologie. Cytologie
• NLK Obory
• parazitologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR