Camels are considered an important food source in North Africa. Trypanosomiasis in camels is a life-threatening disease that causes severe economic losses in milk and meat production. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the trypanosome genotypes in the North African region. Trypanosome infection rates were determined by microscopic examination of blood smears and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxides (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were determined in erythrocyte lysate. Furthermore, 18S amplicon sequencing was used to barcode and characterizes the genetic diversity of trypanosome genotypes in camel blood. In addition to Trypanosoma, Babesia and Thelieria were also detected in the blood samples. PCR showed that the trypanosome infection rate was higher in Algerian samples (25.7%) than in Egyptian samples (7.2%). Parameters such as MDA, GSH, SOD and CAT had significantly increased in camels infected with trypanosomes compared to uninfected control animals, while TAC level was not significantly changed. The results of relative amplicon abundance showed that the range of trypanosome infection was higher in Egypt than in Algeria. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis showed that the Trypanosoma sequences of Egyptian and Algerian camels are related to Trypanosoma evansi. Unexpectedly, diversity within T. evansi was higher in Egyptian camels than in Algerian camels. We present here the first molecular report providing a picture of trypanosomiasis in camels, covering wide geographical areas in Egypt and Algeria.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- superoxiddismutasa genetika MeSH
- Trypanosoma * genetika MeSH
- trypanozomiáza * epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- velbloudi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- severní Afrika MeSH
Recently, based on a limited morphological characterisation and partial 18S rRNA gene sequence, Jiang et al. (2019) described Trypanosoma micropteri Jiang, Lu, Du, Wang, Hu, Su et Li, 2019 as a new pathogen of farmed fish. Here we provide evidence based on the expanded sequence dataset, morphology and experimental infections that this trypanosome does not warrant the establishment as a new species, because it is conspecific with the long-term known Trypanosoma carassii Mitrophanow, 1883, a common haemoflagellate parasite of freshwater fish. The former taxon thus becomes a new junior synonym of T. carassii.
- MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 18S genetika MeSH
- ryby parazitologie MeSH
- sladká voda MeSH
- Trypanosoma * genetika MeSH
- trypanozomiáza * epidemiologie veterinární parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Práca uvádza prehľad a stručnú epidemiologicko-klinicko-terapeutickú charakteristiku vybraných opomínaných tropických ochorení, ktoré sa preukázateľne môžu manifestovať neurologickými príznakmi a syndrómami. V podmienkach Českej a Slovenskej republiky ide väčšinovo o exotické diagnózy a málo známe až neznáme etiologické agens. Uvedené informácie prinášajú praktickým neurológom základnú orientáciu v problematike, ktorá sa v dnešnej dobe charakterizovanej širokoplošným celosvetovým pracovným aj poznávacím cestovaním ako aj stúpajúcou migráciou obyvateľstva stáva pomerne aktuálnou.
The paper presents an overview and brief epidemiological-clinical-therapeutic characteristics of selected neglected tropical diseases that have been shown to be manifested by neurological symptoms and syndromes. In the conditions of the Czech and Slovak Republics, these are generally exotic diagnoses and little-known to unknown aetiological agents. The information presented provides practical neurologists with initial guidance in this issue that has become quite important recently given the current era characterized by a widespread global work and leisure travel as well as increasing migration of the population.
- MeSH
- Chagasova nemoc epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- cysticerkóza epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- dengue epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- echinokokóza epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- leishmanióza epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- lepra epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- opomíjené nemoci * MeSH
- paragonimóza epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- rabies epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- schistosomóza epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- tenióza epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- trypanozomiáza epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- vřed Buruli epidemiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- vzácné nemoci MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Haemosporidians and trypanosomes of the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) population in the Czech Republic were studied by morphological and molecular methods. Despite the wide distribution of these medium-large birds of prey, virtually nothing is known about their blood parasites. During a 5-year period, altogether 88 nestlings and 15 adults were screened for haemosporidians and trypanosomes by microscopic examination of blood smears and by nested PCR. Both methods revealed consistently higher prevalence of blood protists in adults, Leucocytozoon (80.0 % in adults vs. 13.6 % in nestlings), Haemoproteus (60.0 vs. 2.3 %), Plasmodium (6.7 vs. 0 %), and Trypanosoma (60.0 vs. 2.3 %). Altogether, five haemosporidian lineages were detected by cytochrome b sequencing. Two broadly distributed and host nonspecific lineages, Plasmodium (TURDUS1) and Leucocytozoon (BT2), were detected only sporadically, while three newly described northern goshawk host-specific Leucocytozoon lineages (ACGE01-03) represent the absolute majority of the haemosporidians identified by molecular methods. Our findings support evidences that in falconiform birds the Leucocytozoon toddi group is formed by several host-specific clusters, with Leucocytozoon buteonis in buzzards and Leucocytozoon mathisi in hawks. Between-year comparisons revealed that the infection status of adults remained predominantly unchanged and individuals stayed uninfected or possessed the same parasite lineages; however, two gains and one loss of blood parasite taxa were also recorded.
- MeSH
- cytochromy b genetika MeSH
- Falconiformes parazitologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- Haemosporida klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- hostitelská specificita MeSH
- malárie ptačí epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- nemoci ptáků epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- parazitemie epidemiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- Plasmodium klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce veterinární MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- protozoální DNA chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- protozoální infekce zvířat epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- sekvenční seřazení veterinární MeSH
- Trypanosoma klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- trypanozomiáza epidemiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
The section of habitat used by particular bloodsucking insects when seeking bloodmeals may influence the spectrum of hosts to which they have access and consequently the diseases they transmit. The vertical distribution of ornithophilic bloodsucking Diptera (Culicidae, Simuliidae and Ceratopogonidae) was studied using bird-baited traps set at both ground and tree canopy levels. In total, 1240 mosquito females of eight species, 1201 biting midge females of 11 species, and 218 blackfly females of two species were captured during 2003-2005. Culex pipiens (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) was found to prefer ground-level habitats, whereas Anopheles plumbeus (Stephens) (Diptera: Culicidae), biting midges [Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)] and Eusimulium angustipes (Edwards) (Diptera: Simuliidae) preferred the canopy. The results of this study with regard to Cx. pipiens behaviour differ from those of most previous studies and may indicate different spatial feeding preferences in geographically separate populations. The occurrence of E. angustipes in the canopy is concordant with its role in the transmission of avian trypanosomes. These findings may be important for surveillance programmes focusing on ornithophilic Diptera which transmit various pathogenic agents.
- MeSH
- Ceratopogonidae parazitologie fyziologie MeSH
- chování zvířat MeSH
- Culicidae parazitologie fyziologie MeSH
- ekosystém MeSH
- hmyz - vektory parazitologie fyziologie MeSH
- nemoci ptáků epidemiologie parazitologie přenos MeSH
- ptáci parazitologie MeSH
- Simuliidae parazitologie fyziologie MeSH
- stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
- Trypanosoma fyziologie MeSH
- trypanozomiáza epidemiologie parazitologie přenos MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
