The consumption of lipids and simple sugars induces an inflammatory response whose exact molecular trigger remains elusive. The aims of the present study were to investigate (1) whether inflammation induced by a single high-energy, high-fat meal (HFM) is associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and (2) whether these inflammatory and ERS responses could be prevented by the chemical chaperone ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). A total of ten healthy lean men were recruited to a randomised, blind, cross-over trial. Subjects were given two doses of placebo (lactose) or UDCA before the consumption of a HFM (6151 kJ; 47·4 % lipids). Blood was collected at baseline and 4 h after the HFM challenge. Cell populations and their activation were analysed using flow cytometry, and plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines were assessed by ELISA and Luminex technology. Gene expression levels of inflammatory and ERS markers were analysed in CD14⁺ and CD14⁻ PBMC using quantitative RT-PCR. The HFM induced an increase in the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, 2·1-fold; IL-8, 2·4-fold; TNF-α, 1·4-fold; monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, 2·1-fold) and a decrease in the expression levels of miR181 (0·8-fold) in CD14⁺ monocytes. The HFM challenge did not up-regulate the expression of ERS markers (XBP1, HSPA5, EDEM1, DNAJC3 and ATF4) in either CD14⁺ or CD14⁻ cell populations, except for ATF3 (2·3-fold). The administration of UDCA before the consumption of the HFM did not alter the HFM-induced change in the expression levels of ERS or inflammatory markers. In conclusion, HFM-induced inflammation detectable on the level of gene expression in PBMC was not associated with the concomitant increase in the expression levels of ERS markers and could not be prevented by UDCA.

• MeSH
• adaptivní imunita * účinky léků   MeSH
• antiflogistika farmakologie   MeSH
• antigeny CD14 krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• cholagoga a choleretika farmakologie   MeSH
• cytokiny krev   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• dieta s vysokým obsahem tuků škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• energetický příjem MeSH
• hyperfagie krev   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• jídla * MeSH
• klinické křížové studie MeSH
• kyselina ursodeoxycholová farmakologie   MeSH
• leukocyty mononukleární účinky léků   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA metabolismus   MeSH
• postprandiální období MeSH
• přirozená imunita * účinky léků   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese účinky léků   MeSH
• stres endoplazmatického retikula * účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH