Taurine, a sulphur - containing amino acid, has been termed a functional nutrient. Its synthetic form is a common ingredient in supplements and energy drinks. There is no information concerning taurine impact on bone microstructure after prolonged supplemental use. Also, differences in bone parameters of mice following taurine exposure are unknown. In this study, a detailed microstructure of compact and trabecular bone tissues of mice subchronically exposed to taurine was determined. Animals (n=12) were segregated into three groups: E1 group - mice received 20 mg/kg b.w. of taurine per day during 8 weeks; E2 group - mice were fed by taurine at a dose of 40 mg/kg b.w. for 8 weeks and a control (C) group. Decreased density of secondary osteons, increased sizes of primary osteon's vascular canals (P<0.05) were observed in taurine - treated animals. Cortical bone thickness, trabecular thickness were decreased (P<0.05) in E1 group, and relative volume of trabecular bone was lower (P<0.05) in E2 group as compared to C group. According to our results, prolonged taurine exposure at the doses used in this study can negatively affect both compact and trabecular bone tissues microstructure.

• MeSH
• femur účinky léků   patologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• kortikální kost cytologie   účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• kostní denzita účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• náhodné rozdělení MeSH
• rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
• taurin aplikace a dávkování   toxicita   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: The increased prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Czech Republic and Slovakia has led to heightened emphasis on weight control, particularly among women. Our aim is to explore body image perceptions among women in both countries and compare their attitudes, focusing on the relationship between body image and body mass index (BMI), height, weight, body fat and the weight control. METHODS: The cross-sectional study involved 358 female students from the University of Pardubice and Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, with equal representation from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Body parameters were assessed using anthropometric methods and the InBody 230 diagnostic device, while participants' perceptions of their bodies were evaluated using the Body Shape Questionnaire. RESULTS: The results confirmed that BMI did not significantly influence self-perception among Slovak students, while Czech participants with increasing obesity tended to perceive themselves more negatively. Significantly higher median values for BMI (p = 0.0509), weight (p = 0.0507), height (p = 0.05) and body image (p = 0.002) were observed in the Czech Republic compared with Slovakia. No significant difference was found in weight control and fat between participants from both countries. CONCLUSIONS: Although obesity was demonstrated in both nations, body satisfaction was different for participants from the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• obezita epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• představa o vlastním těle * psychologie   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• studenti statistika a číselné údaje   psychologie   MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH

Acrylamide (AA) is one of the most common toxins in foods. Its effect on bone microstructure has not been investigated. The aim of our study was to analyze the impact of acute exposure to AA on femoral bone microstructure in mice. Adult animals were treated perorally with 2 doses of AA (E1 group, 1 mg/kg b.w.) in a 24-h period and with 3 doses of AA (E2 group, 1 mg/kg b.w.) in a 48-h period. Mice exposed to AA had smaller sizes of primary osteon's vascular canals. Secondary osteons were significantly smaller in mice from E2 group; however their increased number (from 38 % to 77 %) was identified in both E1 and E2 groups. In these groups, a higher number of resorption lacunae (from 100 % to 122 %) was also found. The values for bone volume, trabecular number were increased and that for trabecular separation was decreased in mice administered AA. Significantly higher value of bone surface was observed in mice from E1 group whereas trabecular thickness was increased in E2 group. The effect of AA on microstructure of compact and trabecular bone tissues is different. In our study, one dose of AA was used and acute effects of AA were investigated. Therefore, further studies are needed to study mechanisms by which AA acts on bone.

• MeSH
• akrylamid toxicita   MeSH
• femur diagnostické zobrazování   účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• kontaminace potravin * MeSH
• kortikální kost diagnostické zobrazování   účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• rentgenová mikrotomografie MeSH
• trabekulární kostní tkáň diagnostické zobrazování   účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: HLA-B27 is a genetic marker associated with spondyloarthropathies, particularly ankylosing spondylitis and axial spondyloarthritis. While its prevalence varies across populations, no data exist for Slovak patients. This study aimed to determine HLA-B27 prevalence in Slovak patients with suspected spondyloarthropathies and assess differences by sex and age. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 1,614 patients (888 females and 726 males) was analyzed for HLA-B27 status (positive/negative) using reverse hybridisation (HLA-B27 StripAssay). Statistical analyses included Pearson's Chi-square test and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests for sex- and age-related differences. RESULTS: HLA-B27 positivity was 20.57%, with a higher proportion in males (23.28%) than females (18.36%, p = 0.0177). The less than 20 age group had the highest absolute number of positive cases (126 cases; 17.80%), while the 21-40 group had the highest relative positivity (119 cases; 29.38%). The lowest positivity was in the more than 61 age group (17 cases; 13.08%), though age distribution differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.7765). Positivity varies across diagnoses, peaking in musculoskeletal (M) and eye disorders (H), where it exceeds 29%. CONCLUSION: HLA-B27 positivity is strongly associated with rheumatologic and ophthalmologic conditions and exhibits age- and sex-related variability. These findings emphasize the diagnostic significance of HLA-B27 testing in Slovak patients, especially for early detection and management of spondyloarthropathies. Further research on HLA-B27 variability and its clinical implications is needed to optimize diagnostic strategies and patient care.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• HLA-B27 antigen * genetika   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spondylartropatie genetika   epidemiologie   imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

The present study was aimed at comparing the milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and milk fatty acid (MFA) compositions in Holstein cows with subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) to those values of Holstein cows that did not have SARA. Also, the correlations among rumen pH value and the compositions of MUN and MFA in milk were determined. Dairy cows (n = 16) with subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) (pH value 5.60 ± 0.02) and control dairy cows (n = 16) (control) (pH value 6.20 ± 0.04) were studied. The MUN concentrations (578 μg/l) of the dairy cows with SARA was lower than those (1 315 μg/l) of the control dairy cows (P < 0.001). In the milk of the dairy cows with SARA, the unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), thrombogenic index (TI), and hypocholesterolemic fatty acid index (hcFA) decreased; but the saturated fatty acids (SFA), atherogenic (AI) and hypercholesterolemic fatty acid (HcFA) indexes (P < 0.01) increased. The rumen pH value and the concentration of the MUN were positively correlated with the proportions of the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), omega-3 fatty acids (n-3), omega-6 fatty acids (n-6), omega-9 fatty acids (n-9), long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) and very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and the n-3/n-6 ratio of the milk samples (P < 0.05). Consequently, the dairy cow with SARA that are in early-lactation can affect the carbohydrate fermentation, fatty acid hydrogenation and protein degradation. The MUN concentration in the dairy cows with SARA seriously decreased. The SARA changes the milk fatty acid composition and decreases the MUFA, PUFA, n-3, oleic acid and hypocholesterolemic fatty acids and the hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H) values of milk. Therefore, the nutritional and functional quality for human nutrition decreases in the milk of dairy cows with SARA.