The removal of selenium from superficial and waste water is a worldwide problem. The maximum limit according to the World Health Organization (WHO) for the selenium in the water is set at a concentration of 10 μg/L. Carbon based adsorbents have attracted much attention and recently demonstrated promising performance in removal of selenium. In this work, several materials (iron oxide based microparticles and graphene oxides materials) and their composites were prepared to remove Se(IV) from water. The graphene oxides were prepared according to the simplified Hummer's method. In addition, the effect of pH, contact time and initial Se(IV) concentration was tested. An electrochemical method such as the differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry was used to determine the residual selenium concentration. From the experimental data, Langmuir adsorption model was used to calculate the maximum adsorption capacity. Graphene oxide particles modified by iron oxide based microparticles was the most promising material for the removal of Se(IV) from its aqueous solution at pH 2.0. Its adsorption efficiency reached more than 90% for a solution with given Se(IV) concentration, meanwhile its maximal recorded adsorption capacity was 18.69 mg/g.

• MeSH
• adsorpce MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• elektrochemické techniky metody   MeSH
• elektrody MeSH
• grafit chemie   MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• mikrosféry MeSH
• roztoky MeSH
• selen izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• statická elektřina MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• velikost částic MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Matcha was analysed for its chemical composition, fibre, vitamin C, caffeine and chlorophyll contents. Flavonoids and phenolics, phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity both in water and methanol solutions were determined. In vitro digestibility was established. To understand the contribution of individual substances to antioxidant activity or digestibility their mutual correlations were evaluated. Crude fibre (10.7-17.5%), neutral-detergent fibre (30.7-42.8%) and organic matter digestibility values (59.4-69.7%) showed positive correlations, in contrast to protein contents (20.3-35.0%). It seems that chlorophyll b was a stronger contributor to antioxidant activity than chlorophyll a. The highest contents of flavonoids (99-139 mg RE/g) and phenolics (169-273 mg GAE/g) were determined in methanol fractions. High concentrations of chlorogenic (up to 4800 μg/g), sinapic (up to 1400 μg/g) and gallic acids (up to 423 μg/g) were recorded. Kaempferol and rutin were not proved as significant contributors to antioxidant activity.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia * MeSH
• čaj MeSH
• chlorofyl a * MeSH
• fenoly MeSH
• flavonoidy MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Hypothermic ex-situ machine perfusion (MP) has been shown to be a promising alternative to static cold storage (SCS) for preservation of solid organs for transplantation and vascularized composite allotransplantation. Perfusion with blood-based perfusion solutions in austere environments is problematic due to their need for appropriate storage and short shelf life, making it impractical for military and emergency use. Acellular perfusion has been shown to be effective, but the ideal perfusate solution for MP of amputated limbs is yet to be determined. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of alternative perfusate solutions, such as dextran-enriched Phoxilium, Steen, and Phoxilium in ex-vivo hypothermic MP of amputated limbs in a porcine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Amputated forelimbs from Yorkshire pigs (n = 8) were preserved either in SCS (n = 2) at 4°C for 12 hours or machine-perfused at 10°C for 12 hours with oxygenated perfusion solutions (n = 6) at a constant flow rate. The perfusates used include modified Steen-solution, Phoxilium (PHOX), or Phoxilium enriched with dextran-40 (PHODEX). The perfusate was exchanged after 1 and 6 hours of perfusion. Machine data were recorded continuously. Perfusate samples for clinical chemistry, blood gas analysis, and muscle biopsies were procured at specific timepoints and subsequently analyzed. In this semi in-vivo study, limb replantation has not been performed. RESULTS: After amputation, every limb was successfully transferred and connected to our perfusion device. The mean total ischemia time was 77.5 ± 5.24 minutes. The temperature of the perfusion solution was maintained at 10.18 ± 2.01°C, and perfusion pressure at 24.48 ± 10.72 mmHg. Limb weight increased by 3% in the SCS group, 36% in the PHODEX group, 25% in the Steen group, and 58% in the PHOX group after 12 hours. This increase was significant in the PHOX group compared with the SCS group. All perfusion groups showed a pressure increase of 10.99 mmHg over time due to edema. The levels of HIF-1a decreased over time in all groups except the Steen and the PHODEX group. The biomarkers of muscle injury in the perfusate samples, such as creatine kinase and lactate-dehydrogenase, showed a significant difference between groups, with highest values in the PHODEX group. No significant differences were found in the results of the blood gas analysis. CONCLUSION: With the exception of significantly higher levels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, MP with dextran-enriched Phoxilium provides similar results as that of the commercially available perfusates such as Steen, without the need for cold storage, and at circa 5% of the cost of the Steen solution. Further large-scale replantation studies are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of dextran-enriched Phoxilium as an alternate perfusate solution.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• nutriční poruchy u dětí terapie   MeSH
• poruchy výživy terapie   MeSH
• referenční knihy MeSH
• směrnice jako téma MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• veřejné zdravotnictví
• sociální lékařství
• nutriční terapie, dietoterapie a výživa
• NLK Publikační typ
• publikace WHO

In the present work, we introduce a new cell-based biosensor for detecting arrhythmias based on a novel utilization of the combination of the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) lateral force measurement as a nanosensor with a dual 3D cardiomyocyte syncytium. Two spontaneously coupled clusters of cardiomyocytes form this. The syncytium's functional contraction behavior was assessed using video sequences analyzed with Musclemotion ImageJ/Fiji software, and immunocytochemistry evaluated phenotype composition. The application of caffeine solution induced arrhythmia as a model drug, and its spontaneous resolution was monitored by AFM lateral force recording and interpretation and calcium fluorescence imaging as a reference method describing non-synchronized contractions of cardiomyocytes. The phenotypic analysis revealed the syncytium as a functional contractile and conduction cardiac behavior model. Calcium fluorescence imaging was used to validate that AFM fully enabled to discriminate cardiac arrhythmias in this in vitro cellular model. The described novel 3D hESCs-based cellular biosensor is suitable to detect arrhythmic events on the level of cardiac contractile and conduction tissue cellular model. The resulting biosensor allows for screening of arrhythmogenic properties of tailored drugs enabling its use in precision medicine.

• MeSH
• biosenzitivní techniky * MeSH
• kardiomyocyty MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lidské embryonální kmenové buňky * MeSH
• srdeční arytmie chemicky indukované   diagnóza   MeSH
• vápník MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Because of their irreplaceable lubricating properties mineral oils are used in many production branches. They are employed as lubricating and cutting oils (refrigerating emulsions). The dermotropic effect of mineral oils is caused by their varied chemical composition. Their common effect is irritating, photodynamic, keratoplastic, acnegenic, infectious and rarely cancerogenic. The allergogenie potency of mineral oils is weak, added substances being responsible for the allergic reactions. The authors recorded allergy to metalworking fluid with manifestation of occupational allergic contact eczema caused by the additive nonylphenolethoxylate ofthe nonoxynol-6 type. Nonylphenolethoxylates are surface active substances with many uses. Undiluted they may irritate the skin, there being few references on allergies. Epicutaneous tests revealed allergic reaction to metalworking fluid and to 2%, 1% and 0.1% aqueous solution of nonylphenolethoxylate. Tests in 10 control subjects were negative. Data on contact allergy to nonylphenolethoxylate were not published so far in this country.

• MeSH
• alergeny MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hormony kůry nadledvin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kontaktní dermatitida diagnóza   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• kožní testy MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• minerální olej chemie   imunologie   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• nemoci z povolání MeSH
• nonoxynol diagnostické užití   chemie   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• fyziologie výživy MeSH
• nutrigenomika MeSH
• výživová politika MeSH
• Publikační typ
• příručky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
• NLK Obory
• nutriční terapie, dietoterapie a výživa

• MeSH
• biologické vědy MeSH
• biologie MeSH
• lidské tělo MeSH

• Konspekt
• Biologické vědy
• NLK Obory
• biologie
• zdravotní výchova
• výchova a vzdělávání pracovníků ve zdravotnictví
• NLK Publikační typ
• učebnice středních škol
• učebnice středních škol

Cíl studie: Aplikovat analytické postupy pro stanovení ftalátů, bisfenolu A a jejich metabolitů v různých matricích (moč, krevní sérum, tuková tkáň, infuzní sety) na přístrojové vybavení laboratoře a provést analýzy vzorků poskytnutých klinickými pracovišti. Stanovit expozici ftalátům a bisfenolu A v různých epidemiologických skupinách pacientů a potvrdit či vyvrátit pravděpodobnou expozici těmto látkám při parenterální výživě. Zjistit, zda se ftaláty akumulují v lidské tukové tkáni. Typ studie: průřezová Materiál a metody: V rámci studie byl analyzován biologický materiál (moč, krevní sérum, podkožní tuková tkáň) a infuzní sety pro parenterální léčbu instrumentálními analytickými postupy umožňujícími stanovit obsahy ftalátů, bisfenolu A a jejich metabolitů. Výsledky: U 10 ze 16 analyzovaných metabolitů byla jejich vyloučená množství v moči u více než 50 % vzorků nad mezí stanovitelnosti, např. monoethylftalát – 98,1 % , mono-n-butylftalát – 78,1 % . Nejvyšší koncentrace charakterizované 95. percentilem byly zjištěny u monoethylftalátu – 192,8, mono-n-butylftalátu – 116,7 a mono-(2-ethyl-5-karboxypentyl)ftalátu – 96,9 μg/l. V krevním séru bylo s výjimkou mono-n-butylftalátu zastoupení hodnot menších než mez stanovitelnosti výrazně vyšší. Chromatografické analýzy materiálů vaků a infuzních setů poskytly koncentrace vybraných ftalátů a bisfenolu A pouze v hodnotách pod mezí stanovitelnosti stejně jako v infuzních roztocích. Ve všech vzorcích podkožní tukové tkáně byly stanoveny koncentrace vybraných ftalátů pod mezí stanovitelnosti. Závěr: Koncentrace většiny metabolitů ftalátů v moči jsou měřitelné a umožňují tak analýzy epidemiologických souvislostí s dalšími sledovanými faktory jako je obezita, či diabetes mellitus 2. typu. Zvýšená expozice ftalátům a bisfenolu A u pacientů odkázaných na úplnou parenterální léčbu nebyla prokázána, neboť nebyly tyto látky prokázány v materiálech infuzních setů a ani v infuzních roztocích. Akumulace vybraných ftalátů v podkožní tukové tkáni nebyla zjištěna.

Objective: To apply analytical procedures for the determination of phthalates, bisphenol A and their metabolites in various matrices (urine, blood serum, adipose tissue, infusion sets) to instrumentation available in the lab and perform analysis of samples provided by the clinics. To determine the exposure to phthalates and bisphenol A in different epidemiological groups of patients and to confirm or refute the likely exposure to these substances during parenteral nutrition. To find out whether phthalates accumulate in human adipose tissue. Design: A cross-sectional study Material and Methods: The study analyzed biological material (urine, blood serum, subcutaneous adipose tissue) and infusion sets for parenteral treatment by instrumental analytical techniques, allowing to determine the content of phthalates, bisphenol A and their metabolites. Results: For 10 out of 16 analyzed metabolites, the resulting amounts found in the urine were in the range above the limit of quantitation in more than 50 % of the samples, e.g. monoethyl phthalate – 98.1 % and mono n butyl phthalate 78.1 % of samples. The highest amount characterized by 95 th percentile was recorded for monoethyl phthalate – 192.8, mono-n- butyl phthalate – 116.7, and for mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate – 96.9 μg/L. In serum, the proportion of values lower than limit of quantitation was high except for mono-n-butyl phthalate. All the concentrations of analyzed phthalates and bisphenol A obtained by chromatographic analysis of materials, bags and infusion sets were below limit of quantitation as well as the concentrations in infusion solutions. In all the samples of subcutaneous adipose fat tissue the determined concentrations of selected phthalates were below limit of quantitation. Conclusion: The concentrations of most metabolites in urine are measurable which makes possible their use in the analyses of epidemiological link to other investigated factors as obesity, or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Increased exposure to phthalates and bisphenol A for patients on total parenteral therapy has not been proven since those substances were detected neither in infusion sets materials nor in infusion solutions. Accumulation of selected phthalates in subcutaneous adipose tissue was not detected

• MeSH
• analýza moči * metody   MeSH
• bisfenol A-glycidyl methakrylát analýza   MeSH
• estery analýza   MeSH
• hematologické testy * metody   MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie metody   využití   MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• kyseliny ftalové * analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• noxy analýza   MeSH
• odběr biologického vzorku * metody   MeSH
• parenterální výživa přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• tuková tkáň * chemie   MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody   využití   MeSH
• vystavení vlivu životního prostředí * analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance worldwide, affecting numerous tissues and organs, with notable impacts on the central nervous system, heart, and blood vessels. The effect of caffeine on vascular smooth muscle cells is an initial transient contraction followed by significant vasodilatation. In this study we investigate the use of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) for monitoring of vascular changes in human skin induced by caffeine consumption. DRS spectra were recorded on volar sides of the forearms of eight healthy volunteers at time intervals of 0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after consumption of caffeine, while one subject served as a negative control. Analytical diffusion approximation solutions for diffuse reflectance from three-layer structures were used to assess skin composition (e.g. dermal blood volume fraction and oxygen saturation) by fitting these solutions to experimental data. The results demonstrate that cutaneous vasodynamics induced by caffeine consumption can be monitored by DRS, while changes in the control subject not consuming caffeine were insignificant.

• MeSH
• kofein * MeSH
• kůže * krevní zásobení   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• spektrální analýza metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH