Předkládáme kazuistiku mykotické pneumonie u pacienta s akutní myeloblastickou leukémií. Jako původce infekce byl mikroskopicky a kultivačně prokázán Rhizopus microsporus. Identifikace izolátu byla potvrzena molekulárními metodami. U pacienta byla zahájena terapie liposomálním amfotericinem B a posakonazolem a následně při perzistujícím mykotickém ložisku v plíci a masivních hemoptýzách byla provedena z vitální indikace pravostranná pneumonektomie. Při testování citlivosti diskovou difúzní metodou pro amfotericin B pomoci tablet NeoSensitabs vycházel v tomto případě na Mueller Hinton agaru falešně „rezistentní" výsledek. Pro amfotericin B jsme zaznamenali dobrou shodu mezi Etestem (16 h) a mikrotitrační destičkou Sensititre YeastOne (24 h).

We report a case of mycotic pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Rhizopus microsporus was identified as an agent of mucormycosis and proven by microscopy and culture. The determination of the isolate was supported by molecular methods. Combined treatment with surgery (right-sided pneumonectomy) and systemic amphotericin B and posaconazole antifungal therapy was chosen. In this case, amphotericin B Neo-Sensitabs tablets gave false "resistant" results on Mueller-Hinton agar when using the disk diffusion test. There was a good correlation between the Etest (16 h) and the Sensititre YeastOne microplate (24 h) for amphotericin B.

• Klíčová slova
• Etest, Sensititre YeastOne,
• MeSH
• akutní myeloidní leukemie diagnóza   komplikace   MeSH
• diskové difúzní antimikrobiální testy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• mukormykóza * diagnóza   etiologie   farmakoterapie   chirurgie   terapie   MeSH
• opožděná diagnóza škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• pneumonie diagnóza   etiologie   komplikace   terapie   MeSH
• Rhizopus izolace a purifikace   patogenita   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

Clinical yeast isolates belonging to Candida pelliculosa, Candida utilis and Candida fabianii are difficult to distinguish in a routine mycology laboratory using common biochemical tests. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of C. pelliculosa, C. utilis and C. fabianii in clinical samples and to compare their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to systemic antifungals. Two hundred and forty-eight clinical yeast isolates obtained from eight large hospitals in the Czech Republic were included in this study. Identification was performed biochemically using ID 32C kit and by MALDI-TOF MS. MICs were determined using colorimetric broth dilution Sensititre YeastOne panels. From a total number of 248 isolates, 175 were identified as C. pelliculosa and 73 as C. utilis using the biochemical kit. In contrast, MALDI-TOF MS identified 222 isolates as C. fabianii, 20 as C. pelliculosa and 6 as C. utilis. The highest mean MICs were found in C. fabianii and, regardless of the studied species, in isolates from blood cultures and central venous catheters. MALDI-TOF MS revealed C. fabianii to be most prevalent in clinical samples as compared with the other studied species. Higher MIC values in C. fabianii support the importance of correct identification of this species.

• MeSH
• antifungální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• Candida klasifikace   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kandidóza epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mykologické určovací techniky MeSH
• nemocnice MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

Cryptic species of Aspergillus fumigatus, including the Aspergillus viridinutans species complex, are increasingly reported to be causes of invasive aspergillosis. Their identification is clinically relevant, as these species frequently have intrinsic resistance to common antifungals. We evaluated the susceptibilities of 90 environmental and clinical isolates from the A. viridinutans species complex, identified by DNA sequencing of the calmodulin gene, to seven antifungals (voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, anidulafungin, micafungin, and caspofungin) using the reference European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) method. The majority of species demonstrated elevated MICs of voriconazole (geometric mean [GM] MIC, 4.46 mg/liter) and itraconazole (GM MIC, 9.85 mg/liter) and had variable susceptibility to amphotericin B (GM MIC, 2.5 mg/liter). Overall, the MICs of posaconazole and the minimum effective concentrations of echinocandins were low. The results obtained by the EUCAST method were compared with the results obtained with Sensititre YeastOne (YO) panels. Overall, there was 67% agreement (95% confidence interval [CI], 62 to 72%) between the results obtained by the EUCAST method and those obtained with YO panels when the results were read at 48 h and 82% agreement (95% CI, 78 to 86%) when the results were read at 72 h. There was a significant difference in agreement between antifungals; agreement was high for amphotericin B, voriconazole, and posaconazole (70 to 86% at 48 h and 88 to 93% at 72 h) but was very low for itraconazole (37% at 48 h and 57% at 72 h). The agreement was also variable between species, with the maximum agreement being observed for A. felis isolates (85 and 93% at 48 and 72 h, respectively). Elevated MICs of voriconazole and itraconazole were cross-correlated, but there was no correlation between the other azoles tested.

• MeSH
• amfotericin B farmakologie   MeSH
• antifungální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• Aspergillus účinky léků   MeSH
• echinokandiny farmakologie   MeSH
• itrakonazol farmakologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• triazoly farmakologie   MeSH
• vorikonazol farmakologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH