This review is focused on the study of the effects of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) on human health. GSSE contains high concentrations of important polyphenolic substances with high biological activity. This review is a summary of studies that investigate the effects of GSSE on diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and cancer, its neuroprotective effect, and its effects on the gastrointestinal tract and other health complications related to these diseases. The results of the studies confirm that the anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and pro-proliferative effects of "Vitis vinifera L." seed extract reduce the level of oxidative stress and improve the overall lipid metabolism.

• MeSH
• Biomarkers metabolism   MeSH
• Grape Seed Extract pharmacology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lipids blood   MeSH
• Disease MeSH
• Neuroprotective Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Health * MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that occurs in all areas of the environment, including the food chain. In the body, it causes oxidative stress by producing free radicals that are harmful to the cells. Grape seed extract (GSE) contains a wide range of biologically active components that help to neutralize the adverse effects of free radicals. In this study, the effects of GSE prepared form semi-resistant grapevine cultivar Cerason, which is rich in phenolics, on biochemical markers of brown rats exposed to the effects of cadmium were monitored. GSE increased the plasma antioxidant activity and, in the kidneys and the liver, Cd content was significantly lowered by GSE co-administration. Accordingly, the increase in creatinine content and alanine aminotransferase activity and the decrease of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities caused by cadmium were slowed down by GSE co-administration. The results of this work reveal that grape seed extract offers a protective effect against the intake of heavy metals into the organism.

• MeSH
• Alanine Transaminase blood   MeSH
• Antioxidants analysis   MeSH
• Aspartate Aminotransferases blood   MeSH
• Biomarkers metabolism   MeSH
• Grape Seed Extract pharmacology   MeSH
• Phytochemicals analysis   MeSH
• Liver drug effects   enzymology   metabolism   MeSH
• Cadmium blood   MeSH
• Catalase metabolism   MeSH
• Creatinine blood   MeSH
• Kidney drug effects   metabolism   MeSH
• Metallothionein metabolism   MeSH
• Urea blood   MeSH
• Rats, Wistar MeSH
• Seeds chemistry   MeSH
• Superoxide Dismutase metabolism   MeSH
• Health * MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• MeSH
• Grape Seed Extract * therapeutic use   MeSH
• Phytotherapy MeSH
• Plants, Medicinal MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Proanthocyanidins therapeutic use   MeSH
• Plant Extracts MeSH
• Aging MeSH
• Vitis MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Popular Work MeSH

Effects of active ingredients from topical and systemic skincare products on structure and organization of epidermis, dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), and dermis were examined using an in vitro reconstructed skin equivalent (SE). Imedeen Time Perfection (ITP) ingredients (a mixture of BioMarine Complex, grape seed extract, tomato extract, vitamin C) were supplemented systemically into culture medium. Kinetin, an active ingredient from Imedeen Expression Line Control Serum, was applied topically. Both treatments were tested separately or combined. In epidermis, all treatments stimulated keratinocyte proliferation, showing a significant increase of Ki67-positive keratinocytes (P < 0.05). Kinetin showed a twofold increase of Ki67-positive cells, ITP resulted in a fivefold, and ITP+kinetin showed a nine-fold increase. Differentiation of keratinocytes was influenced only by kinetin since filaggrin was found only in kinetin and kinetin+ITP samples. At the DEJ, laminin 5 was slightly increased by all treatments. In dermis, only ITP increased the amount of collagen type I. Both kinetin and ITP stimulated formation of fibrillin-1 and elastin deposition. The effect of kinetin was seen in upper dermis. It stimulated not only the amount of deposited fibrillin-1 and elastin fibers but also their organization perpendicularly to the DEJ. ITP stimulated formation of fibrillin-1 in deeper dermis. In summary, the combination of topical treatment with kinetin and systemic treatment with ITP had complementary beneficial effects in the formation and development of epidermis and dermis.

• MeSH
• Ki-67 Antigen metabolism   MeSH
• Administration, Topical MeSH
• Cell Culture Techniques MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Elastin metabolism   MeSH
• Epidermal Cells MeSH
• Epidermis MeSH
• Glycosaminoglycans administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Keratinocytes cytology   metabolism   MeSH
• Kinetin metabolism   MeSH
• Cells, Cultured MeSH
• Skin MeSH
• Drug Interactions MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Microfilament Proteins metabolism   MeSH
• Skin Care MeSH
• Intermediate Filament Proteins analysis   metabolism   MeSH
• Proteins administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Plant Growth Regulators pharmacology   MeSH
• Dermis cytology   MeSH
• Skin, Artificial MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Comparative Study MeSH