Ameloblasts are specialized epithelial cells in the jaw that have an indispensable role in tooth enamel formation-amelogenesis1. Amelogenesis depends on multiple ameloblast-derived proteins that function as a scaffold for hydroxyapatite crystals. The loss of function of ameloblast-derived proteins results in a group of rare congenital disorders called amelogenesis imperfecta2. Defects in enamel formation are also found in patients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type-1 (APS-1), caused by AIRE deficiency3,4, and in patients diagnosed with coeliac disease5-7. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that the vast majority of patients with APS-1 and coeliac disease develop autoantibodies (mostly of the IgA isotype) against ameloblast-specific proteins, the expression of which is induced by AIRE in the thymus. This in turn results in a breakdown of central tolerance, and subsequent generation of corresponding autoantibodies that interfere with enamel formation. However, in coeliac disease, the generation of such autoantibodies seems to be driven by a breakdown of peripheral tolerance to intestinal antigens that are also expressed in enamel tissue. Both conditions are examples of a previously unidentified type of IgA-dependent autoimmune disorder that we collectively name autoimmune amelogenesis imperfecta.
- MeSH
- ameloblasty metabolismus MeSH
- amelogenesis imperfecta * komplikace imunologie MeSH
- antigeny imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- autoimunitní polyglandulární syndromy * komplikace imunologie MeSH
- autoprotilátky * imunologie MeSH
- celiakie * komplikace imunologie MeSH
- imunoglobulin A imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protein AIRE nedostatek MeSH
- proteiny imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- střeva imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- zubní sklovina imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Orthodontic treatment is associated with numerous adverse side effects, such as enamel discoloration, demineralization or even caries. The presence of microleakage between the enamel and the adhesive and between the adhesive and the base of the orthodontic bracket allows penetration of the bacteria, molecules, and liquids into the enamel and can lead to unpleasant "white spot lesions" or secondary caries beneath and around the brackets. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate microleakage in five adhesive systems commonly used in orthodontic practice for bonding brackets. METHODS: One hundred extracted premolars were divided into five groups of twenty teeth. Stainless steel Legend medium metal brackets were bonded to teeth using five adhesive systems: resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement GC Fuji Ortho LC (GCF) and composite materials Light Bond (LB), Transbond XT (TB), TrulockTM Light Activated Adhesive (TL), and GC Ortho Connect (GCO). The specimens were subjected to thermal cycling, stained with 2% methylene blue, sectioned with low-speed diamond saw Isomet and evaluated under a digital microscope. Microleakage was detected at the enamel-adhesive and adhesive-bracket interfaces from occlusal and gingival margins. Statistical analysis was performed using generalized linear mixed models with beta error distribution. RESULTS: Microleakage was observed in all materials, with GCF showing the highest amount of microleakage. Composite materials GCO, TB, and LB exhibited the lowest amount of microleakage with no statistical difference between them, while TL showed a statistically significantly higher amount of microleakage (p < 0.001). The enamel-adhesive interface had more microleakage in all composite materials (GCO, LB, TB, and TL) than the adhesive bracket-interface (p < 0.001). The highest amount of microleakage occurred in the gingival region in all materials. CONCLUSION: Composite materials showed better adhesive properties than a resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement. The presence of microleakage at the enamel-adhesive interface facilitates the penetration of various substances into enamel surfaces, causing enamel demineralization and the development of dental caries.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ortodontické zámky * MeSH
- skloionomerní cementy MeSH
- výzkumný projekt MeSH
- zubní kaz * MeSH
- zubní sklovina MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezioborová komunikace MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- náchylnost k zubnímu kazu genetika MeSH
- primární prevence metody MeSH
- vrozené srdeční vady * klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- zubní kaz etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- zubní sklovina abnormality patologie růst a vývoj MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ortodontické zámky škodlivé účinky MeSH
- premolár MeSH
- zubní nástroje MeSH
- zubní sklovina * ultrastruktura MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to observe and to measure the impact of corundum sandblasting on the thickness of the Immediate dentin sealing layer. METHODS: 20 recently extracted molars were collected and divided randomly into two groups. A standardized preparation was performed on each tooth and the Optibond FL dentin bonding agent (Kerr, Orange, USA) was applied on the prepared surface according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The surface was then partially sandblasted. RONDOflex plus 360 (KaVo, Bieberach an der Riss, Germany) and Airsonic Mini-Sandblaster (Hager et Werken, Duisburg, Germany) were used. Microscope observations were made. RESULTS: The arithmetic mean of the Optibond FL dentin bonding agent film thickness was 48.72 μm (Group 1=45.55 μm and Group 2=51.88 μm). The dentin bonding agent layer thickness was reduced to the average value of 17,12 μm by RONDOflex plus 360 sandblasting (Group 1). The zero value was recorded in 16 % of the locations. The Airsonic Mini-Sandblaster sandblasting changed the average thickness of the dentin bonding agent layer to 13.25 μm with 31 % of zero values (Group 2). CONCLUSION: The results of this research lead to a reflection on modifications of the immediate dentin sealing procedure (Tab. 4, Fig. 3, Ref. 28).
- MeSH
- dentinová adheziva * klasifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroskopie MeSH
- moláry účinky léků MeSH
- oxid hlinitý MeSH
- pískování zubů * metody MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- zubní sklovina diagnostické zobrazování účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Celiakia je celoživotná intolerancia lepku, ktorý sa nachádza v základných obilninách a tým aj v množstve bežne konzumovaných potravín. Celiakia je ochorenie, ktoré sa čoraz častejšie manifestuje v subklinickej alebo oligosymptomatickej forme alebo atypickými prejavmi. Problémy zubnej skloviny, pri ochorení celiakiou, sú pomerne časté a postihujú hlavne permanentný chrup. Často sú vo forme zmeny farby - sivobiele, žlté alebo s hnedými škvrnami na zuboch, s chybnou tvorbou skloviny, s drobnými priehlbinkami či kaskádovitým vzhľadom. Tieto poruchy sú symetrické s najčastejším výskytom na rezákoch a molároch.
Celiac disease is a lifelong intolerance to gluten which is found in basic cereals as well as in a number of commonly consumed foods. Celiac disease is a condition which is increasingly manifested in a subclinical or oligosymptomatic form or by atypical symptoms. In patients with celiac disease, tooth enamel problems are relatively common, particularly affecting the permanent dentition. They often present with discoloration - off-white, yellow, or with brown spots on the teeth, defective enamel formation, small depressions, or cascading appearance. These defects are symmetrical and most commonly occur in the incisors and molars. Material and method: The paper presents an analysis of a group of 48 patients investigated during a 10-year period (2011-2020), aged 7-20 years, of whom 17 were men (35.4%) and 31 women (64.6%). Patients with celiac disease were most often diagnosed with dental malocclusion, delayed tooth eruption, enamel defects, unequal tooth size as well as recurrent aphthous stomatitis or fissured tongue. Discussion: Manifestations in the oral cavity are caused, in particular, by insufficient nutrition, primarily lacking the protein component as well as vitamins and trace elements. The changes in teeth are often permanent and cannot be improved without the patient following a gluten-free diet, the only causal treatment for celiac disease. Conclusion: Patients with celiac disease require a multidisciplinary approach, and good patient cooperation is necessary not only with a gastroenterologist, but also with a dentist. The quality of oral health, including teeth and oral mucosa, often significantly limits the overall health of not only those with celiac disease.
The effect of curing mode of dual-cure resin cements on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of universal adhesives to enamel, dentin, zirconia, lithium disilicate ceramics (LDS), feldspathic porcelain (FP), and a Pd-Au alloy was evaluated. The substrates were bonded using Tokuyama Universal Bond (TUB) or Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SBU), followed by luting with Estecem II (ECII) or Rely-X Ultimate (RXU), respectively, which were used either in light-curing or self-curing mode. The TBS test was performed after 24 h or 5,000 thermal cycles. Light-curing significantly improved the 24-h TBS of TUB/ECII to enamel, dentin and FP, as well as the TBS of SBU/RXU to all substrates except LDS. After thermal cycling, light-curing significantly increased the TBS of both adhesives/cements to dentin, but significant differences between curing modes were seldom observed for other substrates. This suggested that light-curing is essential for the hydrophilic dentin, but self-curing might be sufficient for other substrates.
Cystic kidney diseases such as autosomal recessive or dominant polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD and ADPKD) are associated with high prevalence of arterial hypertension. On the contrary, studies on hypertension in children with renal cysts and diabetes (RCAD) syndrome caused by abnormalities in the HNF1B gene are rare. Therefore, the primary aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of high blood pressure in children with RCAD syndrome due to HNF1B gene abnormalities and secondary to search for possible risk factors for development of high blood pressure. Data on all children with genetically proven RCAD syndrome from three pediatric nephrology tertiary centers were retrospectively reviewed (office blood pressure (BP), ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), creatinine clearance, renal ultrasound, echocardiography, albuminuria/proteinuria). High blood pressure was defined as BP ≥ 95th percentile of the current ESH 2016 guidelines and/or by the use of antihypertensive drugs. Thirty-two children with RCAD syndrome were investigated. Three children received ACE inhibitors for hypertension and/or proteinuria. High blood pressure was diagnosed using office BP in 22% of the children (n = 7). In the 7 performed ABPM, 1 child (14%) was diagnosed with hypertension and one child with white-coat hypertension. Creatinine clearance, proteinuria, albuminuria, body mass index, enlargement, or hypodysplasia of the kidneys and prevalence of HNF1B-gene deletion or mutation were not significantly different between hypertensive and normotensive children.Conclusion: High blood pressure is present in 22% of children with RCAD syndrome. What is Known: • Arterial hypertension is a common complication in children with polycystic kidney diseases. What is New: • High office blood pressure is present in 22% and ambulatory hypertension in 14% of children with renal cyst and diabetes (RCAD) syndrome.
- MeSH
- ambulantní monitorování krevního tlaku MeSH
- cystická onemocnění ledvin MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu MeSH
- diabetes mellitus * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- hypertenze * epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- krevní tlak MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci centrálního nervového systému MeSH
- polycystické ledviny autozomálně dominantní * MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- zubní sklovina abnormality MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
AIM: This study investigates the influence of early childhood caries (ECC) on the occurence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) on permanent teeth. METHODS: Study design: This prospective original study was conducted to monitor the relationship between ECC in primary dentition and DDE as their consequences on permanent successors. One hundred and forty children were recruited and included in the study group with diagnosed ECC (ECCG) (N=60) or the control group (CG) (N=80). Deciduous upper central incisors were assessed for existing dental caries according to the dmft index and the modified pufa score and permanent incisors were examined using the modified DDE index. RESULTS: Prevalence of DDE was 19.3% in the whole sample; in ECCG it was 24.2% and 12.6% in CG. The most common defect was diffuse opacity with a prevalence of 44.8% in ECCG and 72% in CG. Prevalence of hypoplasia was 13.8% in ECCG, in CG it was present as a combination defect with a prevalence of 4%. The extent of less than 1/3 of labial aspect was in 69% of defects in ECCG,in CG it was 52%. The location of defects in the incisal third was 48.3% in ECCG and 32% in controls. CONCLUSION: A statistically significant relationship between ECC and DDE was not observed. The results were compared with studies about the relationship between ECC and DDE.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- hypoplazie zubní skloviny * epidemiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- náchylnost k zubnímu kazu MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- zubní kaz * epidemiologie MeSH
- zubní sklovina MeSH
- zuby mléčné MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: In mammals, odontogenesis is regulated by transient signaling centers known as enamel knots (EKs), which drive the dental epithelium shaping. However, the developmental mechanisms contributing to formation of complex tooth shape in reptiles are not fully understood. Here, we aim to elucidate whether signaling organizers similar to EKs appear during reptilian odontogenesis and how enamel ridges are formed. RESULTS: Morphological structures resembling the mammalian EK were found during reptile odontogenesis. Similar to mammalian primary EKs, they exhibit the presence of apoptotic cells and no proliferating cells. Moreover, expression of mammalian EK-specific molecules (SHH, FGF4, and ST14) and GLI2-negative cells were found in reptilian EK-like areas. 3D analysis of the nucleus shape revealed distinct rearrangement of the cells associated with enamel groove formation. This process was associated with ultrastructural changes and lipid droplet accumulation in the cells directly above the forming ridge, accompanied by alteration of membranous molecule expression (Na/K-ATPase) and cytoskeletal rearrangement (F-actin). CONCLUSIONS: The final complex shape of reptilian teeth is orchestrated by a combination of changes in cell signaling, cell shape, and cell rearrangement. All these factors contribute to asymmetry in the inner enamel epithelium development, enamel deposition, ultimately leading to the formation of characteristic enamel ridges.
- MeSH
- aktiny metabolismus MeSH
- lipidová tělíska metabolismus MeSH
- odontogeneze fyziologie MeSH
- plazi anatomie a histologie růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- vývojová regulace genové exprese fyziologie MeSH
- zubní sklovina cytologie metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- zuby MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
