- MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc genetika patofyziologie MeSH
- Huntingtonova nemoc patofyziologie MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech * MeSH
- myši - mutanty neurologické MeSH
- neurodegenerativní nemoci * genetika klasifikace patologie MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc genetika patofyziologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
AIMS: Inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer are serious intestinal disorders with continuously increasing incidence. Many aspects of etiopathogenesis still remain unclear. There is an urgent need to improve early diagnostics and markers indicating the progression of the disease. The aim of our study was to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-19 (MMP-19), and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) in different cell subpopulations in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to the tissue in the vicinity of pathological processes. METHODS: Expression of both markers in epithelium, macrophages and vessels were evaluated in IBD and CRC groups. They were detected using immunohistochemistry in paraffin sections. RESULTS: There were significant differences between the expression of MMP-19 on macrophages and vessels among healthy and cancer tissues. In both, macrophages and vessels were significantly lower levels in cancer tissues. The expression of MMP-19 on vessels was also significantly different between peritumoral and cancer tissues (higher levels in peritumoral tissue). RAGE expression in macrophages was significantly different between healthy and cancer tissues and between peritumoral and cancer tissues. There was significantly lower expression in cancer tissues than in healthy and peritumoral tissues. Expression of RAGE in vessels was significantly different just in the comparison of healthy and peritumoral tissues (higher levels in healthy tissues). CONCLUSION: Both markers seem to be promising potential auxiliary markers in IBD and CRC diagnostics. They can also improve evaluation of disease progression.
- MeSH
- biologické markery metabolismus MeSH
- idiopatické střevní záněty * diagnóza metabolismus patologie MeSH
- kolorektální nádory * diagnóza metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metaloproteinasy secernované do matrix MeSH
- receptor pro konečné produkty pokročilé glykace metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Melanoma is the least common form of skin tumor, but it is potentially the most dangerous and responsible for the majority of skin cancer deaths. We suggest that the skin microbiome might be changed during the progression of melanoma. The aim of this study is to compare the composition of the skin microbiota between different locations (skin and melanoma) of a MeLiM (Melanoma-bearing Libechov Minipig) pig model (exophytic melanoma). Ninety samples were used for PCR-DGGE analysis with primers specifically targeting the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The profiles were used for cluster analysis by UPGMA and principal coordinate analysis PCoA and also to calculate the diversity index (Simpson index of diversity). By comparing the obtained results, we found that both bacterial composition and diversity were significantly different between the skin and melanoma microbiomes. The abundances of Fusobacterium and Trueperella genera were significantly increased in melanoma samples, suggesting a strong relationship between melanoma development and skin microbiome changes.
- MeSH
- Bacteria klasifikace izolace a purifikace MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- DNA primery MeSH
- Fusobacterium genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- kůže mikrobiologie MeSH
- melanom mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
- mikrobiota * MeSH
- miniaturní prasata MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Using a porcine model, we describe Melanoma-Associated CD4+CD8hi T-lymphocytes (MATL) in peripheral blood that increase during melanoma regression. These MATL possess the CD4+CD8hi phenotype and they have their direct counterparts in Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL) isolated from melanoma loci. Both MATL and CD4+CD8hi TIL have a similar expression of selected markers indicating that they represent effector/memory αβ T-cell subset. Moreover, although TIL also contain CD4-CD8+ T-cells, only CD4+CD8hi TIL expand during melanoma regression. Importantly, TIL isolated from different pigs and different melanoma loci among the same pig have similar composition of CD4/CD8 subsets, indicating that the composition of the MATL and TIL compartment is identical. Analysis of sorted cells from regressing pigs revealed a unique MATL subpopulation with mono-specific T-cell receptor that was further analyzed by sequencing. These results indicate that pigs regressing melanomas possess a characteristic population of recirculating T-cells playing a role in tumor control and regression.
- MeSH
- antigeny CD4 metabolismus MeSH
- antigeny CD8 metabolismus MeSH
- cytotoxicita imunologická MeSH
- experimentální nádory imunologie MeSH
- imunofenotypizace MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom imunologie MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- prasata imunologie MeSH
- receptory antigenů T-buněk alfa-beta metabolismus MeSH
- spontánní regrese nádoru MeSH
- T-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- tumor infiltrující lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND/AIM: Spontaneous regression (SR) of tumours is a rare phenomenon not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate immune cells infiltrating progressive and SR tumours in a Lewis rat sarcoma model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were subcutaneously inoculated with rat sarcoma R5-28 (clone C4) cells. Developing tumours were obtained on day 42 and cryosections were immunohistochemically processed for detection of immune cells. RESULTS: A high density of granulocytes was found in the necrotic areas of both progressive and SR tumours. CD4+ cells and CD8+ cells were rare and sparsely dispersed in the tumour tissue without clear difference between the two types of tumours. On the contrary, CD161+ cells were abundant and evenly distributed in SR tumours, but these cells were very rare in progressive tumours. CONCLUSION: Based on the differences in number and distribution of the immune cell subpopulations, we believe that natural killer (CD161+) cells play a major role in the destruction of cancer cells during SR of tumours in this Lewis rat model.
- MeSH
- buňky NK patologie MeSH
- CD4-pozitivní T-lymfocyty patologie MeSH
- CD8-pozitivní T-lymfocyty patologie MeSH
- imunohistochemie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lektinové receptory NK-buněk - podrodina B genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- potkani inbrední LEW MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
- sarkom genetika patologie MeSH
- spontánní regrese nádoru genetika patologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc MeSH
- geneticky modifikovaná zvířata MeSH
- Huntingtonova nemoc MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech * MeSH
- Murinae MeSH
- neurodegenerativní nemoci * klasifikace MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc MeSH
- teleangiektatická ataxie diagnóza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most aggressive and uneasily treatable form of skin cancer. Up to 90% of deaths because of skin tumours are estimated to be caused by this malignancy. Spontaneous regression is described as a partial or complete disappearance of cancer. It can be defined if the clinical and histological diagnosis of malignancy is verified and any therapeutic intervention potentially inducing mechanisms leading to regression has not been applied. Regression occurs more frequently in melanoma than in other types of tumours; it is reported to be six times higher than in other malignancies. Up to 50% of primary MM is reported to undergo spontaneous regression. However, spontaneous regression of the metastatic form of tumour is a rare phenomenon observed in only 0.23% of cases. The most frequently mentioned factors leading to spontaneous regression of MM are operative trauma, infection, vaccination (BCG and rabies vaccines) and immunological factors. Other well-documented circumstances associated with regression of metastatic MM include blood transfusion and various endocrine factors.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom imunologie MeSH
- melanomové antigeny imunologie MeSH
- nádory kůže imunologie MeSH
- spontánní regrese nádoru imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Celiac disease (CD) is a worldwide disease with continuously increasing incidence particularly in Western countries. It is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease. Combination of genetic (HLA antigens) and environmental (gluten) factors is known to be responsible for disease development. Despite intensive research in the field of CD the only to date known option of treatment is gluten free diet (GFD). That means for patient complying with lifestyle changes. We found out that despite there are published many papers concerning CD, only a few of them are focused on psychological aspects of disease. In our opinion it is underestimated field, because up to now GFD is only possible option of treatment causing significant limitations in patient’s daily life and thus affecting quality of live (QoL). Knowledge of psychological aspects and possible following interventions can improve acceptance and compliance concerning GFD. We found out that sufficient communication and providing adequate information seems to be one of the most important factors. Information should be provided in appropriate quantity and quality. Knowledge of psychological aspects can be helpful just in that respect. Surprisingly, there are practically missing publications concerning psychological aspects in relation to serious possible complication of CD such as infertility or risk of some cancers. Also there is a lack of publications dealing with diagnostic procedures themselves. We mean that also this area is underestimated, because diagnostic procedures can be also a source of negative feelings as some of them are invasive and painful.
- MeSH
- adaptace psychologická MeSH
- adherence pacienta MeSH
- bezlepková dieta * psychologie MeSH
- celiakie * dietoterapie psychologie MeSH
- frustrace MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- opožděná diagnóza psychologie MeSH
- psychický stres MeSH
- stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
- únava MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
This review deals with the role of microorganisms in spontaneous regression of a tumour. Spontaneous cancer regression is a phenomenon that has been described for many centuries. One of the most well known methods of inducing spontaneous regression of cancer is the application of Coley's toxin (heat-killed Streptococcus pyogenes and Serratia marcescens), which has been used for the successful treatment of sarcomas, carcinomas, lymphomas, myelomas and melanomas. In clinical practice, the use of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine for the treatment of superficial urinary bladder cancer is the most common instance of the application of microorganisms for the treatment of cancer. This review provides further information on other tested bacteria--Clostridium spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Salmonella spp.--in this field of study. Among new age methods, bactofection, alternative gene therapy, combination bacteriolytic therapy and bacteria-directed enzyme prodrug therapy are some of the potential cancer treatment modalities that use microorganisms. We have also provided information about the interconnection among microorganisms, immune system response, and the possible mechanisms involved in the spontaneous regression of tumours.
- MeSH
- bakteriální toxiny dějiny terapeutické užití MeSH
- BCG vakcína terapeutické užití MeSH
- Bifidobacterium genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Clostridium genetika metabolismus MeSH
- dějiny 17. století MeSH
- dějiny 18. století MeSH
- dějiny 19. století MeSH
- dějiny starověku MeSH
- fyziologie bakterií * MeSH
- genetická terapie MeSH
- kombinovaná terapie MeSH
- Lactobacillus genetika metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory imunologie mikrobiologie terapie MeSH
- Salmonella genetika metabolismus MeSH
- spontánní regrese nádoru MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 17. století MeSH
- dějiny 18. století MeSH
- dějiny 19. století MeSH
- dějiny starověku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- historické články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Úvod: Laparoskopická chirurgie jedním vstupem (SILS) je v současné době běžnou alternativou ke klasické laparoskopii. Materiálové náklady na SILS však výrazně limitují rozšíření metody na většině pracovišť v ČR. Proto jsme začali používat metodu 2 vstupů, která je sice technicky náročnější než přístup z 3–4 vstupů, zato s ním cenově zcela srovnatelná, a výsledkem se blíží kosmetickému efektu SILS. Metody: Popisujeme technický postup při laparoskopii ze 2 incizí. Hodnotíme vlastní soubor nemocných operovaných v období 2012−2014. Výsledky: V souboru 64 nemocných, kteří podstoupili laparoskopickou cholecystektomii, appendektomii či TAPP plastiku metodou DILS, jsme zaznamenali 9 komplikací, hodnocených stupni I-IIIb dle Claviena-Dindo. 4x jsme konvertovali DILS-cholecystektomii na laparoskopii z více portů. Závěr: Metoda 2 incizí není v našem souboru zatížena větším množstvím komplikací ve srovnání s laparoskopií z více vstupů. Z estetického hlediska je pacienty dobře hodnocená a ve srovnání se SILS je ekonomicky výhodná.
Introduction: Single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) is a common alternative to classical laparoscopic surgery. However, material costs of SILS significantly limit the spreading of this method to most of surgical departments in the Czech Republic. Therefore we introduced DILS, which is technically more difficult than 3- to 4-incision laparoscopy but comparable cost-wise and its result approaches the cosmetic effect of SILS. Methods: We describe the technical approach for DILS. We evaluate our own group of patients who were operated on in 2012-2014. Results: Nine minor complications evaluated as Clavien-Dindo grade I-IIIb were seen in the group of 64 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, appendectomy or TAPP operation of groin hernias using DILS method. DILS-cholecystectomy was converted to multiple-ports laparoscopy 4 times. Conclusion: In our group, DILS did not present a higher complication rate than laparoscopic surgery using multiple incisions. This method is well-regarded by the patients in terms of its aesthetic results, and economically it is more advantageous than SILS.
