- MeSH
- antikoagulancia * klasifikace škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- aplikace orální * MeSH
- dabigatran aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- glykoproteiny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory protonové pumpy aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lékové interakce * fyziologie genetika imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pyrazoly aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- pyridiny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- pyridony aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- rivaroxaban aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- thiazoly aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
The importance of alternative or adjunct treatments to the gluten-free diet in celiac disease is now being recognized. This paper discusses the scientific principles behind the use of caricain for enzyme therapy. Objective: To review the structures of the toxic peptides in A-gliadin that relate to those found by other workers insofar as having key sequences of amino acids or motifs which relate to toxicity, especially in regard to difficulty of digestion or immunogenicity. Methods: Structures of synthetic A-gliadin peptides shown to be toxic in the fetal chick assay were examined before and after digestion with duodenal mucosa from patients in long remission. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the undigested residues were also assayed and the key amino acid sequences compared in order to determine if they could be related to direct toxicity and immunogenicity of the peptides. Results: The results showed that the smallest toxic peptides from celiac mucosal digestion were octa-peptides and that they were obtained in greater yield than similar products from normal digestion. One of those peptides corresponded to residues 12-19 of A-gliadin and contained the key motifs PSQQ and QQQP of De Ritis et al. , whilst the other corresponded to residues 72-79 and contained the key motif PYPQ (extending to PYPQPQ), observed by other workers, especially those who have been investigating immunological activity over the past two decades. Conclusions: The presence of key motifs in undigested residues from celiac mucosal digestion and the greater prevalence of these residues compared with residues from normal digestion justifies our work on enzyme therapy. These studies have also indicated that our use of caricain as an enzyme capable of digesting peptides with two different types of toxicity has a sound scientific basis.
- Klíčová slova
- caricain,
- MeSH
- celiakie * enzymologie terapie MeSH
- cysteinové endopeptidasy farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- enzymoterapie * MeSH
- gliadin * chemie metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- gluteny toxicita účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- proteolýza MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
- sekvenční analýza proteinů MeSH
- střevní sliznice patologie MeSH
- tenké střevo patologie MeSH
- tyrosin MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Background: The etiology of celiac disease (CD) is related to undigested fragments of gluten and gliadin which damage the small bowel. Mucosal enzyme deficiency is an important factor in CD pathology. A clinical trial has shown that the effects of a gluten challenge to patients with CD could be ameliorated by the use of an enzyme supplement. Objective: Enzyme therapy using enterically coated tablets containing caricain (Gluteguard) was investigated as a means of protecting patients with CD against wheat gluten. Methods: A randomized placebo-controlled trial was carried out on 20 CD patients in clinical remission. The patients were divided into a group of 14 given Gluteguard and a group of 6 given a placebo daily. Both groups were given a challenge of 1g of gluten daily. Symptoms were graded and recorded over a period of 42 days. Duodenal tissue was taken at the beginning and end of this period, together with blood for assay of tissue transglutaminase (tTG-IgA) antibodies. Results: The results showed that oral enzyme therapy based on caricain, was effective in ameliorating the symptoms of CD giving a statistically significant difference between treatment and placebo (P<0.01) after 14 days challenge. General well-being was also improved from 6.1 to 8.4 (P< 0.01) by the enzyme therapy. Four of the six placebo group patients (67%) and one of the 14 treatment patients (7%) to withdraw from gluten challenge after 14 days due to development of serious symptoms. The difference between the groups was significant (p < 0.001). For the per protocol patients on Gluteguard therapy, there were no significant changes in markers of histological damage or biopsy results after 42 days of gluten challenge. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that oral anti-gluten enzyme therapy using Gluteguard was able to significantly protect celiac patients from adverse symptoms being induced by gluten challenge. Furthermore, mucosal damage was not exacerbated in patients taking Gluteguard along with their daily gluten challenge, suggesting that the enzyme tablets may also help with the recovery of epithelium in the longer term. Availability of a preventative enzyme treatment like Gluteguard will likely add to the quality of life and well-being of coeliac patients, especially those who have difficulty in strictly adhering to a gluten-free diet.
- Klíčová slova
- caricain, Gluteguard,
- MeSH
- celiakie * farmakoterapie patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- cysteinové endopeptidasy terapeutické užití MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- duodenum patologie MeSH
- enzymová substituční terapie * MeSH
- gluteny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- protilátky krev MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny terapeutické užití MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- spokojenost pacientů MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- transglutaminasy metabolismus MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Several strategies have been considered for enzymatic detoxification of dietary gluten and to reduce immunogenisity of gliadin peptides. An enzymatic therapy using enterically coated tablets containing caricain (Gluteguard), originated from a papaya, on celiac disease patients challenged with gluten was reported. Glut guard was able to protect these patients from adverse symptoms being induced by gluten challenge. The advantages of the fruit originated preparation are: it does not contain living microbes or bacterial purified or engineered products. It can be considered as a preventive therapy and further step in the future therapeutical strategy race for the celiac affected population benefits.
- Klíčová slova
- caricain,
- MeSH
- bezlepková dieta MeSH
- celiakie * dietoterapie imunologie terapie MeSH
- cysteinové endopeptidasy terapeutické užití MeSH
- enzymová substituční terapie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- manipulace s potravinami MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny terapeutické užití MeSH
- transglutaminasy metabolismus MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- úvodní články MeSH
- MeSH
- biopotraviny * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Lupinus * chemie MeSH
- mouka zásobování a distribuce MeSH
- potravinářská technologie MeSH
- potravní vláknina analýza MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny * analýza škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- semena rostlinná * chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The antiproliferative and antitumor effect of leaf ribonuclease was tested in vitro on the human ML-2 tumor cell line and in vivo on athymic nude mice bearing human melanoma tumors. The antiproliferative activity of this plant ribonuclease in vitro studies was negligible. In the experiments in vivo a significant decrease of the tumor size, however was observed. From nucleases the mung bean nuclease (PhA) was studied first from nucleases. The antitumor effect of this enzyme on ML2 human tumor cell line was almost non-effective. However, significant antitumor activity was detected on human melanoma tumors in vivo. The antitumor effect of black pine pollen nuclease (PN) tested in vitro was also negligible. On the other side, in the experiments in vivo a significant decrease of the human melanoma tumor size was observed too. Recombinant plant nucleases of tomato (TBN1) and hop (HBN1) (submitted to patenting under no. PV 2008-384;Z7585) were isolated to homogeneity and examined for their antitumor effects and cytotoxicity. Although antiproliferative effects of both recombinant nucleases were not significant on the ML-2 cell culture in vitro, the nucleases were strongly cytostatic in vivo after their administration intravenously as stabilized conjugates with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Recombinant both nucleases were as effective against human melanoma tumors as previously studied pine pollen (PN) and mung bean nucleases and their effects were reached at about ten times lower concentrations compared to the use of bovine seminal RNase (BS-RNase).
- MeSH
- endonukleasy farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- myši nahé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- ribonukleasy farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- xenogenní modely - testy antitumorózní aktivity MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Účel přehledu: V článku jsou shrnuty současné poznatky o orálním alergickém syndromu. Díky lepší technice je nyní možné přesněji určit profil senzibilizace jedince s alergií na potraviny. Tím se zpřesnila diagnostika, vyjasnily se různé typy zkřížené reaktivity a zlepšila se předpověď rizika vzniku anafylaxe. Nové poznatky: Díky odhalení a charakterizaci různých běžně se vyskytujících rostlinných bílkovin se zlepšily naše znalosti o zkřížených reakcích na potraviny. V současnosti jsou k dispozici nové diagnostické techniky využívající purifikované nebo rekombinantní alergeny. Užití těchto technik zpřesnilo diagnostiku a klinické hodnocení pacientů s projevy alergie na potraviny. Souhrn: V budoucnosti se díky zavedení screeningových in vitro vyšetření rozsáhlými panely alergenů zpřesní diagnostika potravinové alergie, takže bude možné zkvalitnit péči o pacienty s alergií na potraviny. K provádění kožních testů jsou v současnosti k dispozici alergeny, jejichž využití zpřesní diagnostiku alergie na potraviny rostlinného původu. Znalost konkrétního profilu senzibilizace u konkrétních pacientů lze využít pro zhodnocení rizika anafylaxe nebo pro návrh dietních opatření.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This paper reviews current concepts in our understanding of oral allergy or pollen-food syndrome. As technology has improved, much more accurate profiling of food allergic individuals is now possible, resulting in more precise diagnosis, elucidation of cross reactivity patterns and more helpful prediction of risk of anaphylaxis. RECENT FINDINGS: The identification and characterization of various ubiquitous plant proteins have led to greater understanding of food cross reactive reactions. Newer diagnostic techniques utilizing purified and recombinant allergens are available for more precise diagnosis and clinical profiling of patients presenting with food allergy. SUMMARY: In-vitro screening of food allergic patients with large panels of allergens will change the accuracy of diagnosis resulting in better management. Allergens are now available for use in the allergist's office to improve diagnostic accuracy of skin tests in patients presenting with plant-food allergy. Knowledge of the specific sensitization of individual patients has consequences for both risk assessment and dietary management.
- MeSH
- alergeny imunologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- dietní proteiny imunologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- potravinová alergie diagnóza imunologie terapie MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny imunologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- rychlé screeningové testy MeSH
- sezónní alergická rýma diagnóza imunologie terapie MeSH
- syndrom MeSH
- zkřížené reakce MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
