Vehicle-tree collisions are the most common type of road crash with fixed obstacle in Czech Republic. Based on the literature review and using real world in-depth crash data, this paper aims to define factors, which significantly influence the injury severity of single vehicle-tree crashes. In-depth data provide a comprehensive view to the failure on the system infrastructure-human-vehicle related to crash, the in-depth crash database include very detailed information related to infrastructure, vehicle, human failure and crash participants characteristics and their medical condition and also crash reconstruction. Multinomial logistic regression and generalized linear mixed model were used to determine the individual effect of each predictor. The statistically significant variables were the day period, trunk diameter and impact speed. Using multinomial logistic regression shows also vehicle age as statistically significant. Obtained results can help to efficiently direct countermeasures not only on the road infrastructure-e.g. speed reduction in selected locations with specified tree character. However, the emphasis should be also focused on driver behaviour.
- MeSH
- databáze faktografické MeSH
- dopravní nehody * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lineární modely MeSH
- logistické modely MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- rány a poranění etiologie patologie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stromy MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Chronic wound is a serious medical issue due to its high prevalence and complications; hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is also considered in comprehensive treatment. Clinical trials, including large meta-analyses bring inconsistent results about HBOT efficacy. This review is summarizing the possible effect of HBOT on the healing of chronic wound models at the cellular level. HBOT undoubtedly escalates the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen radicals (ROS and RNS), which underlie both the therapeutic and toxic effects of HBOT on certain tissues. HBOT paradoxically elevates the concentration of Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1 by diverting the HIF-1 degradation to pathways that are independent of the oxygen concentration. Elevated HIF-1 stimulates the production of different growth factors, boosting the healing process. HBOT supports synthesis of Heat shock proteins (HSP), which are serving as chaperones of HIF-1. HBOT has antimicrobial effect, increases the effectiveness of some antibiotics, stimulates fibroblasts growth, collagen synthesis and suppresses the activity of proteolytic enzymes like matrix metalloproteinases. All effects of HBOT were investigated on cell cultures and animal models, the limitation of their translation is discussed at the end of this review.
- MeSH
- faktor 1 indukovatelný hypoxií metabolismus MeSH
- hojení ran * MeSH
- hyperbarická oxygenace * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- proteiny tepelného šoku metabolismus MeSH
- rány a poranění metabolismus patologie terapie MeSH
- reaktivní formy dusíku metabolismus MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- faktor 1 indukovatelný hypoxií MeSH
- proteiny tepelného šoku MeSH
- reaktivní formy dusíku MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
Understanding the molecular and cellular processes in skin wound healing can pave the way for devising innovative concepts by turning the identified natural effectors into therapeutic tools. Based on the concept of broad‑scale engagement of members of the family of galactoside‑binding lectins (galectins) in pathophysiological processes, such as cancer or tissue repair/regeneration, the present study investigated the potential of galectins‑1 (Gal‑1) and ‑3 (Gal‑3) in wound healing. Human dermal fibroblasts, which are key cells involved in skin wound healing, responded to galectin exposure (Gal‑1 at 300 or Gal‑3 at 600 ng/ml) with selective changes in gene expression among a panel of 84 wound‑healing‑related genes, as well as remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In the case of Gal‑3, positive expression of Ki67 and cell number increased when using a decellularized matrix produced by Gal‑3‑treated fibroblasts as substrate for culture of interfollicular keratinocytes. In vivo wounds were topically treated with 20 ng/ml Gal‑1 or ‑3, and collagen score was found to be elevated in excisional wound repair in rats treated with Gal‑3. The tensile strength measured in incisions was significantly increased from 79.5±17.5 g/mm2 in controls to 103.1±21.4 g/mm2 after 21 days of healing. These data warrant further testing mixtures of galectins and other types of compounds, for example a combination of galectins and TGF‑β1.
- Klíčová slova
- extracellular matrix, fibroblast, keratinocyte, lectin, regeneration,
- MeSH
- fibroblasty metabolismus patologie MeSH
- galektiny biosyntéza MeSH
- kolagen biosyntéza MeSH
- krevní proteiny biosyntéza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pevnost v tahu * MeSH
- rány a poranění metabolismus patologie MeSH
- regulace genové exprese * MeSH
- škára metabolismus patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- galektiny MeSH
- kolagen MeSH
- krevní proteiny MeSH
- LGALS3 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
This study presents an innovative multifunctional system in fabricating new functional wound dressing (FWD) products that could be used for skin regeneration, especially in cases of infected chronic wounds and ulcers. The innovation is based on the extraction, characterization, and application of collagen (CO)/chitosan-glucan complex hollow fibers (CSGC)/aloe vera (AV) as a novel FWS. For the first time, specific hollow fibers were extracted with controlled inner (500-900 nm)/outer (2-3 µm) diameters from mycelium of Schizophyllum commune. Further on, research and evaluation of morphology, hydrolytic stability, and swelling characteristics of CO/CSGC@AV were carried out. The obtained FWS showed high hydrolytic stability with enhanced swelling characteristics compared to native collagen. The hemostatic effect of FWS increased significantly in the presence of CSGC, compared to native CO and displayed excellent biocompatibility which was tested by using normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF). The FWS showed high antibacterial activity against different types of bacteria (positive/negative grams). From in vivo measurements, the novel FWS increased the percentage of wound closure after one week of treatment. All these results imply that the new CO/CSGC@AV-FWD has the potential for clinical skin regeneration and applying for controlled drug release.
- Klíčová slova
- Bactericidal performance, Hemostasis, Hollow fibers, Multifunctional wound dressing,
- MeSH
- Aloe * chemie MeSH
- antibakteriální látky chemie izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- Bacteria účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- chitosan chemie izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- fibrilární kolageny chemie izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- glukany chemie izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- hojení ran účinky léků MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- kůže účinky léků zranění patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- mycelium * chemie MeSH
- obvazy * MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- rány a poranění farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- Schizophyllum * chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- chitosan MeSH
- fibrilární kolageny MeSH
- glukany MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
Polyacrylamide-coated, carbon nanotube (PA/CNT) electrodes were prepared by an inkjet printing process and used to measure pyocyanin and uric acid in a wound fluid simulant at 37 °C. These two molecules are potential indicators of infection, and therefore their detection could prove useful for monitoring wound healing. Pyocyanin is a marker for the common wound bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Our long-term goal is to use these inexpensive and disposable electrodes to measure biomarkers of wound healing directly. In this proof-of-concept work, studies were performed in a wound fluid simulant to evaluate the stability of the electrodes and their responsiveness for the two bioanalytes. The PA/CNT inkjet-printed electrodes and electrical contacts were stable with unchanging physical and electrochemical properties in the wound fluid simulant over a 7-8-day period at 37 °C. The detection figures of merit for pyocyanin in the simulant at 37 °C were as follows: linear over the physiologically relevant range = 0.10 to 100 μmol L-1 (R2 = 0.9992), limit of detection = 0.10 μmol L-1 (S/N = 3), sensitivity = 35.6 ± 0.8 mA-L mol-1 and response variability ≤4% RSD. The detection figures of merit for uric acid in the simulant at 37 °C were as follows: linear over the physiologically relevant range = 100 to 1000 μmol L-1 (R2 = 0.9997), sensitivity = 2.83 ± 0.01 mA-L mol-1, and response variability ≤4% RSD. The limit of detection was not determined. The PA/CNT electrodes were also used to quantify pyocyanin concentrations in cell-free culture media from different strains of P. aeruginosa. The detected concentrations ranged from 1.00 ± 0.02 to 118 ± 6 μM depending on the strain.
- MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- kultivační média analýza MeSH
- kyselina močová analýza MeSH
- nanotrubičky uhlíkové chemie MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa izolace a purifikace MeSH
- pyokyanin analýza MeSH
- rány a poranění mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
- Názvy látek
- kultivační média MeSH
- kyselina močová MeSH
- nanotrubičky uhlíkové MeSH
- pyokyanin MeSH
The skeletal remains of the young female (20-24 years) from Grave JP/106, discovered in the Southern Suburb of the Břeclav - Pohansko Stronghold (Early Middle Ages, 9th century-beginning of the 10th century, present day Czech Republic) display several noteworthy pathologies. The first is deformation of the mandible, which was most probably caused by a fracture of the ramus in combination with a subcondylar fracture. The spine of this young woman also exhibits a probable traumatic injury of the cervical spine in combination with a slowly growing structure situated inside the spinal canal, which caused deformation centered upon C7. The cervical and thoracic spine together with internal surfaces of several ribs exhibit infectious changes of advanced stage, in all likelihood of tuberculous origin, but osteomyelitis cannot be excluded. Histological analysis of the new bone formation in the ribs confirmed infectious origin, as does Micro CT of C5 and C6. Analyses conducted by two different departments with different methods (PCR amplification of 123 bp long section from IS6110 and Next Generation shotgun sequencing) failed to identify DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the first rib.
- Klíčová slova
- Early middle ages, Fracture, Mycosis, Osteomyelitis, Palaeopathology, Pohansko, Trauma, Tuberculosis,
- MeSH
- chronická nemoc MeSH
- dějiny středověku MeSH
- fraktury kostí dějiny patologie MeSH
- krční obratle patologie MeSH
- krk patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poranění páteře dějiny MeSH
- rány a poranění diagnóza dějiny patologie MeSH
- tuberkulóza diagnóza dějiny patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny středověku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- historické články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
It is now suggested that the inhibition of biological programs that are associated with the tumor microenvironment may be critical to the diagnostics, prevention and treatment of cancer. On the other hand, a suitable wound microenvironment would accelerate tissue repair and prevent extensive scar formation. In the present review paper, we define key signaling molecules (growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and galectins) involved in the formation of the tumor microenvironment that decrease overall survival and increase drug resistance in cancer suffering patients. Additional attention will also be given to show whether targeted modulation of these regulators promote tissue regeneration and wound management. Whole-genome transcriptome profiling, in vitro and animal experiments revealed that interleukin 6, interleukin 8, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, galectin-1, and selected proteins of the extracellular matrix (e.g., fibronectin) do have similar regulation during wound healing and tumor growth. Published data demonstrate remarkable similarities between the tumor and wound microenvironments. Therefore, tailor made manipulation of cancer stroma can have important therapeutic consequences. Moreover, better understanding of cancer cell-stroma interaction can help to improve wound healing by supporting granulation tissue formation and process of reepithelization of extensive and chronic wounds as well as prevention of hypertrophic scars and formation of keloids.
- Klíčová slova
- cancer, cytokine, galectin, stem cell, tissue repair,
- MeSH
- buněčné mikroprostředí MeSH
- cytokiny metabolismus MeSH
- galektiny metabolismus MeSH
- hojení ran MeSH
- imunitní systém cytologie imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- keloid metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezibuněčné signální peptidy a proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- nádorové kmenové buňky metabolismus patologie MeSH
- nádorové mikroprostředí * MeSH
- nádory imunologie metabolismus patologie MeSH
- rány a poranění imunologie metabolismus patologie MeSH
- signální transdukce * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- cytokiny MeSH
- galektiny MeSH
- mezibuněčné signální peptidy a proteiny MeSH
Detailed comparative analysis of at first sight not related process cascades is a means toward this aim: to trace common effector mechanisms and hereby eventually inspire innovative routes for therapeutic management. Following this concept, promotion of tumor progression by stroma, especially cancer-associated fibroblasts and smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts, and beneficial activity of respective cells in wound healing have helped to delineate the involvement of endogenous lectins of the family of galectins. In addition to initiating conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, galectin-1 instructs the cells to produce a structurally complex extracellular matrix. This bioscaffold is useful for keratinocyte culture, also apparently operative in ameliorating wound healing. These functional aspects encourage to study in detail how lectin-(glycan) counterreceptor display is orchestrated. Such insights are assumed to have potential to contribute to rationally manipulate stem/precursor cells as resource in regenerative medicine.
- MeSH
- fibroblasty patologie MeSH
- kmenové buňky patologie MeSH
- lektiny metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory patologie MeSH
- rány a poranění patologie MeSH
- zánět patologie MeSH
- životní prostředí MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- lektiny MeSH
Tracheo-brachiocephalic artery fistulas were rarely reported lesions often described in cases with tracheostomy procedures. Reported case was 26 year-old male drainage worker, trapped under the stony soil while excavating drainage canal. Rescue operation was performed, but he was reached dead. Provincial prosecutor mandated autopsy after crime scene investigation. Autopsy examination revealed traumatically formed tracheo-brachiocephalic fistula. We aimed to report an intersting case of traumatic tracheo-brachiocephalic artery fistula identified in forensic autopsy.
- MeSH
- cévní píštěle etiologie patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fatální výsledek MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci průdušnice etiologie patologie MeSH
- píštěle dýchací soustavy etiologie patologie MeSH
- pitva MeSH
- pracovní nehody * MeSH
- rány a poranění etiologie patologie MeSH
- truncus brachiocephalicus patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
UNLABELLED: Motorcyclists are extremely vulnerable road participants who are exposed to severe, often fatal injuries. Relative to four - wheeled vehicles, motorcycle pose a greater hazard of death or serious injury to operators and passengers. In fatal crashes, the motorcyclist typically collides with moving or stationary objects in the riding environment. The most common mechanism of crashes is hitting a moving vehicle followed by hitting a stationary object. The mechanism of injury resulting in death usually comes from severe blunt force trauma, creating internal and external injuries to the motorcyclist, especially craniocerebral, spinal, and sometimes with very characteristic injury patterns. The paper also identified effects of alcohol, which represent a significant risk factor for motorcycle operators. Presented concise review of selected risk factors and typical motorcycle-related injuries may be useful for both forensic pathologists, clinicians and law enforcement in preventive and repressive steps. KEYWORDS: motorcycle fatalities - risk factors - injury patterns - alcohol impairment - medicolegal study.
- MeSH
- dopravní nehody * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- motocykly * MeSH
- rány a poranění etiologie mortalita patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
