A certain relationship was observed between the gastrointestinal system, arthritis and immune system. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have an altered microflora composition and disturbed intestinal defensive barrier. Effect of probiotic bacteria (Colinfant; COL) with known favorable effect on intestinal microflora was determined on the methotrexate (MTX) treatment of adjuvant arthritis. Rats with adjuvant arthritis were administered methotrexate 0.5 mg/kg body mass 2-times weekly per os, COL 1 mL/kg body mass every second day per os, and a combination of MTX+COL for a period of 28 d from the immunization. Levels of serum albumin, body mass, changes in hind paw swelling, and arthrogram score were estimated in rats as variables of inflammation and destructive arthritis-associated changes. Treatment with MTX, as well as with the combination treatment with MTX+COL significantly inhibited both inflammation and destructive arthritis-associated changes. The combination treatment inhibited both the hind paw swelling and arthrogram score more remarkably than MTX alone; on the other hand, the difference between combination treatment and MTX alone was not significant. Treatment with COL alone had no effect on adjuvant arthritis in rats. Colinfant can increase the preventive effect of MTX treatment in rat adjuvant arthritis by improving its antiarthritic effects.

• MeSH
• antirevmatika aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• artritida experimentální farmakoterapie   imunologie   terapie   MeSH
• Escherichia coli * fyziologie   MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methotrexát aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• potkani inbrední LEW MeSH
• probiotika aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antirevmatika MeSH
• methotrexát MeSH

Probiotics modulate production of both cytokine and antimicrobial peptides. This effect can be regarded as a part of complex interplay between them and the host.

• MeSH
• Bifidobacterium imunologie   MeSH
• cytokiny metabolismus   MeSH
• kationické antimikrobiální peptidy metabolismus   MeSH
• Lactobacillus imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• probiotika farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytokiny MeSH
• kationické antimikrobiální peptidy MeSH

Intraepithelial bacteria were isolated by the gentamicin protection assay (GPA) from biopsy samples obtained at colonoscopy (colon cancer, n = 10 patients; colonic adenoma, n = 20; control group, n = 20; cancer patients without gastrointestinal tract GIT malignancy, n = 10). After a three-month administration of E. faecium M-74 to patients with positive GPA biopsies, 172 biopsy specimens from 60 patients were examined with the GPA. The number of biopsies with intracellular bacteria was significantly higher in adenoma and carcinoma group than in control group (26 vs. 10%; p = 0.004); in cancer patients without GIT malignancy the difference was nonsignificant. E. faecium M-74 was also administered to 5 patients with colonic adenoma; according to a control colonoscopy the number of biopsies with intracellular bacteria was significantly lower after probiotic administration (48 vs. 16%; p = 0.03). A striking prevalence of intraepithelial bacteria was also showed in patients with large bowel adenoma and carcinoma. The administration of probiotic strain M-74 can thus be considered to be an effective and promising method for elimination of pathogenic bacteria in the case of inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer.

• MeSH
• adenom mikrobiologie   MeSH
• biopsie MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Enterobacteriaceae růst a vývoj   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Enterococcus faecium * růst a vývoj   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory tračníku mikrobiologie   MeSH
• probiotika aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• selen metabolismus   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• střevní sliznice mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• selen MeSH

The resistance to antibiotics and the distribution of virulence factors in enterococci isolated from traditional Slovak sheep cheese bryndza was compared with strains from human infections. The occurrence of 4 enterococcal species was observed in 117 bryndza-cheese isolates. The majority of strains were identified as E. faecium (76 %) and E. faecalis (23 %). Several strains of E. durans and 1 strain of E. hirae were also present. More than 90 % of strains isolated from 109 clinical enterococci were E. faecalis, the rest belonged to E. faecium. The resistance to 6 antimicrobial substances (ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, higher concentration of gentamicin, nitrofurantoin, tetracycline and vancomycin) was tested in clinical and food enterococci. A higher level of resistance was found in clinical than in food strains and E. faecium had a higher resistance than E. faecalis; no resistance to vancomycin was detected. The occurrence of 3 virulence-associated genes, cylA (coding for hemolysin), gelE (coding for gelatinase) and esp (coding for surface protein) was monitored. Differences were found in the distribution of cylA gene between clinical and bryndza-cheese E. faecalis strains; in contrast to clinical strains (45 %), cylA gene was detected in 22 % of food isolates. The distribution of 2 other virulence factors, gelE and esp, was not significantly different in the two groups of E. faecalis strains. cylA and gelE genes were not detected in E. faecium but more than 70 % of clinical E. faecium were positive for esp, even thought none of the 79 E. faecium cheese isolates contained this gene.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• bakteriální léková rezistence * MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Enterococcus faecalis účinky léků   patogenita   MeSH
• Enterococcus faecium účinky léků   patogenita   MeSH
• Enterococcus klasifikace   účinky léků   izolace a purifikace   patogenita   MeSH
• faktory virulence genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• grampozitivní bakteriální infekce mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• ovce MeSH
• sýr mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny MeSH
• faktory virulence MeSH

Concentrated extracts of MRS (De Man-Rogosa-Sharpe) media in which probiotic bacterium Enterococcus faecium strain M-74 was grown exerted different antimutagenic activity against ofloxacin-, N-methyl, N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine- and sodium 5-nitro-2-furylacrylate-induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium assay depending on the presence (+Se) or absence of disodium selenite pentahydrate (-Se). The antimutagenicity of MRS(+Se) extract was higher than that of MRS(-Se) extract. Selenium enhanced also the antimutagenic effect of both live and killed cells of E. faecium M-74, respectively. The live bacteria decreased the mutagenicity of selected substances more than killed cells. Synergic activity of selenium with the bacterium was also manifested.

• MeSH
• antimutagenní látky farmakologie   MeSH
• Enterococcus faecium metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• mutageneze účinky léků   MeSH
• mutageny toxicita   MeSH
• probiotika farmakologie   MeSH
• Salmonella typhimurium účinky léků   genetika   MeSH
• selen farmakologie   MeSH
• synergismus léků MeSH
• testy genotoxicity MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antimutagenní látky MeSH
• mutageny MeSH
• selen MeSH

Almost all nutrients in the diet play a crucial role in maintaining an "optimal" immune response, and both insufficient and excessive intakes can have negative consequences on the immune status and susceptibility to a variety of pathogens. We summarize the evidence for the importance of two micronutrients, selenium and zinc, and describe the mechanisms through which they affect the immune status and other physiological functions. As a constituent of selenoproteins, selenium is needed for the proper functioning of neutrophils, macrophages, NK cells, T lymphocytes and some other immune mechanisms. Elevated selenium intake may be associated with reduced cancer risk and may alleviate other pathological conditions including oxidative stress and inflammation. Selenium appears to be a key nutrient in counteracting the development of virulence and inhibiting HIV progression to AIDS. It is required for sperm motility and may reduce the risk of miscarriage. Selenium deficiency has been linked to adverse mood states and some findings suggest that selenium deficiency may be a risk factor in cardiovascular diseases. Zinc is required as a catalytic, structural and regulatory ion for enzymes, proteins and transcription factors, and is thus a key trace element in many homeostatic mechanisms of the body, including immune responses. Low zinc ion bioavailability results in limited immunoresistance to infection in aging. Physiological supplementation of zinc for 1-2 months restores immune responses, reduces the incidence of infections and prolongs survival. However, in every single individual zinc supplementation of food should be adjusted to the particular zinc status in views of the great variability in habitat conditions, health status and dietary requirements.

• MeSH
• imunitní systém účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potravní doplňky MeSH
• selen imunologie   metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• zinek imunologie   metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• selen MeSH
• zinek MeSH