PURPOSE: Human colostrum and milk provide a newborn with immunomodulatory components, ensuring protection and proper development of the immune system. Secretory IgA antibodies in colostrum represent the first line of defence against harmful substances, but their potential spectra of reactivity with autoantigens remains unclear. Here, we characterised the repertoire of natural sectretory IgA autoantibodies in colostrum of healthy mothers. METHODS: The human colostrum samples from 39 healthy mothers were analyzed for autoantibodies by indirect immunofluorescence, dot blots, immunoblots and ELISA. RESULTS: We found that there is high diversity in reactivities of colostral IgA antibodies to autoantigens among individual samples. Using tissue sections and biochips commonly used for autoimmunity testing, we found that most samples reacted with monkey ovary (79.3%), monkey pancreatic tissue (78.6%), human HEp-2 cells (69%) and monkey adrenal gland (69.0%), fewer samples reacted with monkey liver tissue (47.2%), rat stomach (42.9%), monkey testicular tissue (41.4%), monkey salivary gland (39.3%), rat kidney (32.1%) and monkey cerebellar tissue (17.9%). At the protein level, we detected reactivity of IgA with 21 out of 25 (auto) antigens. The majority of the samples reacted with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, E3 ubiquitin ligase, cytosolic liver antigen, promyelocytic leukemia protein and nuclear pore glycoprotein-210. Using ELISA, we found reactivity of colostral IgA antibodies against examined extractable nuclear antigens, double stranded DNA, phospholipids and neutrophil cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS: The broad spectrum of polyreactive natural autoantibodies present in human colostrum may contribute to proper development of mucosal immune system of the breastfed infant.

• MeSH
• Autoantigens immunology   metabolism   MeSH
• Autoantibodies immunology   metabolism   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MeSH
• Haplorhini MeSH
• Immunoglobulin A, Secretory biosynthesis   immunology   MeSH
• Immunohistochemistry MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Breast Feeding MeSH
• Colostrum chemistry   immunology   MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Lactation immunology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Mothers MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Proteins immunology   metabolism   MeSH
• Antibody Specificity MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Protein Binding MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Autoantigens MeSH
• Autoantibodies MeSH
• Immunoglobulin A, Secretory MeSH
• Proteins MeSH

Influence of intestinal colonization by a probiotic E. coli strain on the incidence of bacterial pathogens in stool and allergic symptoms during the 1st year of life was monitored in 3 groups: colonized children of allergic mothers (AC; n = 52), noncolonized children of allergic mothers (AN; n = 50), children of nonallergic mothers (NC; n = 42). Colinfant vaccine was administered within 2 d after birth, 3 x a week over a period of 4 weeks. Stool samples were examined after 2 d and at the age of 3, 6 and 12 months. At 3 months E. coli was present in 90 %, at 12 months in 73 % of AC. Pathogens were significantly less frequent on day 3 and at 3 months in AC vs. AN (15 vs. 61 %, p < 0.001; 15 vs. 38 %, p < 0.01) and vs. NC (15 vs. 63 %, p < 0.001; 15 vs. 53 %, p < 0.001). AC exhibited lower incidence of Staphylococcus epidermidis than AN on day 3 (6 vs. 31 %, p < 0.001) and of Klebsiella strains on day 3 and at 3 months (4 vs. 20 %, p < 0.05; 5 vs. 24 %, p < 0.01). AC showed a lower incidence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa than NC on day 3 (6 vs. 31 %, p < 0.01) and Klebsiella spp. on day 3 and at 3 months (4 vs. 22 %, p < 0.05; 5 vs. 45 %, p < 0.001). No significant differences were recorded after 6 and 12 months. The incidence of allergies was 3 % in AC, 26 % in AN (p < 0.01), and 10 % in NC.

• MeSH
• Hypersensitivity etiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Administration, Oral MeSH
• Bacterial Infections complications   microbiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Escherichia coli * MeSH
• Incidence MeSH
• Klebsiella isolation & purification   MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Follow-Up Studies MeSH
• Intestinal Diseases complications   microbiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Carrier State MeSH
• Probiotics administration & dosage   MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolation & purification   MeSH
• Staphylococcus epidermidis isolation & purification   MeSH
• Intestines microbiology   MeSH
• Health Surveys * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Our study examined whether repeated preventive oral administration of live probiotic bacterial strains Escherichia coli O83:K24:H31 (Ec O83), Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 O6:K5:H1 (Ec Nis) and Lactobacillus casei DN 114001 (Lc) can protect mice against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. A significant decrease in average symptom score was observed in Ec O83-, Ec Nis- and Lc-pretreated group (p < 0.05). Significant differences in body mass loss between Lc pretreated mice with DSS-induced colitis were found when compared with nontreated mice (p < 0.05). PBS pretreated mice had a significantly shorter colon than Ec O83-, Ec Nis- and Lc-pretreated mice (p < 0.05). Administration of Lc significantly decreased the severity of DSS induced histological marks of inflammation (p < 0.05). A significant difference (p < 0.05) was also found in specific IgA level against given probiotic in enteral fluid between colitic mice and healthy mice pretreated with Ec 083 and Ec Nis.

• MeSH
• Administration, Oral MeSH
• Escherichia coli MeSH
• Histocytochemistry MeSH
• Immunoglobulin A analysis   MeSH
• Colon microbiology   MeSH
• Lacticaseibacillus casei MeSH
• Disease Models, Animal MeSH
• Mice, Inbred BALB C MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Probiotics pharmacology   MeSH
• Dextran Sulfate adverse effects   MeSH
• Intestinal Mucosa immunology   pathology   MeSH
• Colitis, Ulcerative chemically induced   immunology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Mice MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Immunoglobulin A MeSH
• Dextran Sulfate MeSH

The development of levels of secretory immunoglobulins (SIgs) in newborns' saliva was examined under physiological conditions and after artificial colonization with nonpathogenic, probiotic bacterial strain E. coli O83. Higher levels of secretory immunoglobulin M (SIgM) and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) were detected in the saliva of breast-fed children when compared with those of bottle-fed infants. SIgM was found earlier than SIgA, the levels of both SIgM and SIgA decreased after weaning. Breastfeeding actively stimulates local immunity on mucosal membranes of newborn infants. Early mucosal colonization with nonpathogenic E. coli bacteria stimulates the mucosal immune system to produce specific antibodies as well as nonspecific secretory immunoglobulins.

• MeSH
• Escherichia coli growth & development   immunology   MeSH
• Immunoglobulin A, Secretory analysis   MeSH
• Immunoglobulins analysis   MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Breast Feeding MeSH
• Bottle Feeding MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Probiotics * MeSH
• Antibodies analysis   MeSH
• Saliva immunology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Immunoglobulin A, Secretory MeSH
• Immunoglobulins MeSH
• Antibodies MeSH

Mucosal surfaces covered by a layer of epithelial cells represent the largest and most critical interface between the organism and its environment. The barrier function of mucosal surfaces is performed by the epithelial layer and immune cells present in the mucosal compartment. As recently found, epithelial cells, apart from their participation in absorptive, digestive and secretory processes perform more than a passive barrier function and are directly involved in immune processes. Besides the well known role of epithelial cells in the transfer of polymeric immunoglobulins produced by lamina propria B lymphocytes to the luminal content of mucosals (secretory Igs), these cells were found to perform various other immunological functions, to interact with other cells of the immune system and to induce an efficient inflammatory response to microbial invasion: enzymic processing of dietary antigens, expression of class I and II MHC antigens, presentation of antigens to lymphocytes, expression of adhesive molecules mediating interaction with intraepithelial lymphocytes and components of extracellular matrix, production of cytokines and probable participation in extrathymic T cell development of intraepithelial lymphocytes. All these functions were suggested to influence substantially the mucosal immune system and its response. Under immunopathological conditions, e.g. during infections and inflammatory bowel and celiac diseases, both epithelial cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes participate substantially in inflammatory reactions. Moreover, enterocytes could become a target of mucosal immune factors. Mucosal immunosurveillance function is of crucial importance in various pathological conditions but especially in the case of the most frequent malignity occurring in the intestinal compartment, i.e. colorectal carcinoma. Proper understanding of the differentiation processes and functions of epithelial cells in interaction with other components of the mucosal immune system is therefore highly desirable.

• MeSH
• Autoimmune Diseases immunology   pathology   MeSH
• Bacteria immunology   MeSH
• Celiac Disease immunology   pathology   MeSH
• Cytokines physiology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Epithelium immunology   MeSH
• Epithelial Cells MeSH
• Fungi immunology   MeSH
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases immunology   pathology   MeSH
• Immunoglobulins immunology   MeSH
• Integrins physiology   MeSH
• Colorectal Neoplasms immunology   pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lymphoid Tissue cytology   immunology   MeSH
• Membrane Glycoproteins physiology   MeSH
• Mice, Knockout MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Peyer's Patches immunology   MeSH
• Antigen Presentation MeSH
• Intestines microbiology   MeSH
• Intestinal Mucosa cytology   immunology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Cytokines MeSH
• Immunoglobulins MeSH
• Integrins MeSH
• Membrane Glycoproteins MeSH