BACKGROUND: The ATHLOS consortium (Aging Trajectories of Health-Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies) used data from several aging cohorts to develop a novel scale measuring healthy aging comprehensively and globally (ATHLOS Healthy Aging Scale). In the present study, we assessed the predictive performance of the ATHLOS Healthy Aging Scale for all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS: Data from the Polish and Czech HAPIEE (Health Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe) prospective cohorts were used. There were 10,728 Poles and 8,857 Czechs recruited. The ATHLOS Healthy Aging Scale score was calculated for all participants using data from the baseline examination carried out from 2002 to 2005. The follow-up for all-cause mortality was completed over 14 years. The associations between quintiles of the ATHLOS Healthy Aging Scale and all-cause mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: A total of 9,922 Polish and 8,518 Czech participants contributed ATHLOS Healthy Aging Scale and mortality data with 1,828 and 1,700 deaths, respectively. After controlling for age, the ATHLOS Healthy Aging Scale score was strongly associated with mortality in a graded fashion for both genders and countries (hazard ratios for lowest vs. highest quintile were 2.98 and 1.96 for Czech and Polish women and 2.83 and 2.66 for Czech and Polish men, respectively). The associations were only modestly attenuated by controlling for education, economic activity, and smoking, and there was further modest attenuation after additional adjustment for self-rated health. CONCLUSION: The novel ATHLOS Healthy Aging Scale is a good predictor of all-cause mortality in Central European urban populations, suggesting that this comprehensive measure is a useful tool for the assessment of the future health trajectories of older persons.

• Klíčová slova
• Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), aging, healthy aging, mortality, scale,
• MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Polsko epidemiologie   MeSH

It has been more than 60 years since the discovery of kinetin, the first known member of a group of plant hormones called cytokinins. In this review we summarize the health-promoting activity of kinetin in animal systems, ranging from cells cultured in vitro through invertebrates to mammals. Kinetin has been shown to modulate aging, to delay age-related physiological decline and to protect against some neurodegenerative diseases. We also review studies on its mechanism of action, as well as point out gaps in our current knowledge.

• Klíčová slova
• Age-related diseases, Aging, Cytokinin, Kinetin,
• MeSH
• cytokininy MeSH
• kinetin farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• stárnutí * MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytokininy MeSH
• kinetin MeSH

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the best approaches to teaching a foreign language to older people to help them achieve the desired results and explore their benefits. This review strictly follows the PRISMA methodology for systematic reviews and meta-analyses to identify the core experimental studies that deal with the topic of foreign language learning approaches among the older generations. Altogether eight studies detected were included in the systematic review. The available sources were found in Web of Science and Scopus. The findings indicate that foreign language learning can promote seniors' welfare and successful aging despite their learning outcomes, which means that the key benefit for third-age foreign language learners while learning a foreign language is not the achieved proficiency level, but the feeling of subjective satisfaction. This can be a good incentive to achieve better learning outcomes, provided that learners have been offered a pleasant and safe learning environment, using suitable learning approaches during which they can build on their acquired knowledge and experience, as well as discuss the topics they are interested in. Thus, foreign language teachers play an important part in seniors' educational process because their teaching methods and materials when adapted to the elderly's educational needs can have a positive impact on the maintenance and possibly, enhancement of the older people's cognitive functions and on the improvement of their mental activity, which consequently maintains their healthy aging.

• Klíčová slova
• Approaches, Elderly, Foreign language, Review,
• MeSH
• jazyk (prostředek komunikace) MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mnohojazyčnost * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• učení * fyziologie   MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

Present demographic changes demonstrate that the number of elderly people is growing at a frenetic pace. This shift in population consequently results in many social and economic problems, which burden the social and economic systems of countries. The aging process is associated with age-related diseases, the most common of which are dementia and Alzheimer's disease, whose main symptom is a decline in cognitive function, especially memory loss. Unfortunately, it cannot be cured. Therefore, alternative approaches, which are cost-effective, safe, and easy to implement, are being sought in order to delay and prevent cognitive impairment. The purpose of this review was to explore the effect of multidomain lifestyle intervention strategies on the delay and/or prevention of cognitive impairment in healthy older individuals. The methods are based on a literature review of available sources found on the research topic in three acknowledged databases: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. The results of the identified original studies reveal that multidomain lifestyle interventions generate significant effects. In addition, these interventions seem feasible, cost-effective, and engaging. Thus, there is a call for the implementation of effective lifestyle prevention programs, which would involve goal-setting and would focus on the prevention of crucial risk factors threatening the target group of elderly people, who are at risk of cognitive decline and dementia.

• Klíčová slova
• cognitive impairment, elderly people, lifestyle strategies, multidomain intervention, randomized clinical trials,
• MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí * MeSH
• životní styl * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Europe's ageing population increases the demand for housing solutions targeting older citizens' needs and preferences. Establishing age-friendly communities fostering social participation is essential for healthy ageing and various housing options with shared facilities prioritizing social contact have emerged. While involving older people in public service delivery is emphasized, studies on co-production with older people in building age-friendly communities remain limited. This study explores a co-production initiative between older citizens, a municipality and a real estate company in a newly established senior village focusing on organizational settings and physical facilities. A qualitative study inspired by the BIKVA methodology was conducted using focus group interviews with citizens, frontline staff, and management. Through reflexive thematic analysis, the physical environment, organizational setting and other factors influencing the co-production process were analysed. Citizens expressed satisfaction with the unique physical environment, the different activities and being involved in the co-production process on development and building up the senior village. However, the co-production initiative was influenced by the lack of frontline staff involvement, how the physical facilities were organized for building inclusive communities as well as the level of information provided to align expectations among stakeholders. Involving older citizens in the co-production of age-friendly community initiatives has the potential to take the identified challenges into account. To understand what constitutes an optimal environment for healthy ageing further research in collaboration with older citizens is needed.

• Klíčová slova
• Co-production, Healthy ageing, Healthy ageing communities,
• MeSH
• bydlení MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zapojení do společnosti MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí * MeSH
• zjišťování skupinových postojů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Ageing is a complex phenomenon affecting a wide range of coexisting biological processes. The homogeneity of the studied population is an essential parameter for valid interpretations of outcomes. The presented study capitalises on the MRI data available in the Human Connectome Project-Aging (HCP-A) and, within individuals over 55 years of age who passed the HCP-A section criteria, compares a subgroup of 37 apparently neurocognitively healthy individuals selected based on stringent criteria with 37 age and sex-matched individuals still representative of typical ageing but who did not pass the stringent definition of neurocognitively healthy. Specifically, structural scans, diffusion weighted imaging and T1w/T2w ratio were utilised. Furthermore, data of 26 HCP-A participants older than 90 years as notional 'super-agers' were analysed. The relationship of age and several microstructural MRI metrics (T1w/T2w ratio, mean diffusivity, intracellular volume fraction and free water volume fraction) differed significantly between typical and healthy ageing cohort in areas highly relevant for ageing such as hippocampus, prefrontal and temporal cortex and cerebellum. However, the trajectories of the healthy ageing population did not show substantially better overlap with the findings in people older than 90 than those of the typical population. Therefore, caution must be exercised in the choice of adequate study group characteristics relevant for respective ageing-related hypotheses. Contrary to typical ageing group, the healthy ageing cohort may show generally stable levels of several MRI metrics of interest.

• Klíčová slova
• HCP‐A, MRI, healthy ageing, typical ageing,
• MeSH
• kognice * fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• mozek diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• šedá hmota * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stárnutí * fyziologie   MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate if participants in NANOK study (National Normative Study of Cognitive Determinants of Healthy Ageing) who show no cognitive decline throughout five years (successful healthy agers; SHA) will show less age-related differences in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) based on Functional Activities Questionnaire in comparison to participants who show subtle cognitive decline (Decliners) over time. METHOD: We used two different classifications of SHA: Rogalski (N = 25 SHA and N = 15 Decliners) based on cross-sectional neuropsychology measures and linear mixed model (LMEM; 20 SHA and 20 Decliners) based on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment longitudinal 5-years follow-up. Whole-brain T1- and T2-weighted images were corrected for distortions and segmented using Freesurfer. Whole-brain volumetry was performed using FSL's voxel-based morphometry tool. RESULTS: The cognitive decline after four years follow-up but not age predicts subtle impairment in IADL in healthy ageing participants. We found brain volumetric differences between SHA and Decliners based on Rogalski but not LMEM classification especially in bilateral insular cortices and ventrolateral frontal cortex. The logistic regression model achieved an accuracy of 75% for the Rogalski in comparison to 67.5% for the LMEM classification. CONCLUSIONS: Slight restrictions in IADL seem to be a useful tool for screening healthy ageing participants at risk of developing subtle cognitive decline over a period of five years and the cross-sectional Rogalski criteria based on standardized neuropsychological measures were superior for tapping age-related brain changes to longitudinal LMEM classification based on screening (Montreal Cognitive Assessment).

• Klíčová slova
• Activities of daily living, MRI, ageing, brain maintenance, longitudinal study, successful memory ageing,
• MeSH
• činnosti denního života MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Demographic data suggest a rapid aging trend in the active workforce. The concept of aging at work comes from the urgent requirement to help the aging workforce of the contemporary industries to maintain productivity while achieving a work and private life balance. While there is plenty of research focusing on the aging population, current research activities on policies covering the concept of aging at work are limited and conceptually different. This paper aims to review publications on aging at work, which could lead to the creation of a framework that targets governmental decision-makers, the non-governmental sector, the private sector, and all of those who are responsible for the formulation of policies on aging at work. In August 2019 we searched for peer-reviewed articles in English that were indexed in PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Springer and published between 2008 and 2019. The keywords included the following phrases: "successful aging at work", "active aging at work", "healthy aging at work", "productive aging at work", and "older adults at work". A total of 47,330 publications were found through database searching, and 25,187 publications were screened. Afterwards, 7756 screened publications were excluded from the further analysis, and a total of 17,431 article abstracts were evaluated for inclusion. Finally, further qualitative analysis included 1375 articles, of which about 24 are discussed in this article. The most prominent works suggest policies that encourage life-long learning, and a workforce that comprises both younger and older workers, as well as gradual retirement.

• Klíčová slova
• aging at work, assistance, deficit, discrimination, growth, legislation, policy,
• MeSH
• důchod * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stárnutí * MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

In large cohort studies, due to the time-consuming nature of the measurement of movement biomechanics, more than one evaluator needs to be involved. This may increase the potential occurrence of error due to inaccurate positioning of markers to the anatomical locations. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and objectivity of lower limb segments length by multiple evaluators in a large cohort study concerning healthy aging in an industrial environment. A total of eight evaluators performed marker placements on five participants on three different days. Evaluators placed markers bilaterally on specific anatomical locations of the pelvis, thigh, shank and foot. On the right foot, markers were placed in anatomical locations to define a multi-segmental foot model. The position of the marker at the anatomical locations was recorded by a motion capture system. The reliability and objectivity of lower limb segment lengths was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient of a two-way random model and of the two-way mixed model, respectively. For all evaluators for all segments, the average reliability and objectivity was greater than 0.8, except for the metatarsus segment (0.683). Based on these results, we can conclude that multiple evaluators can be engaged in a large cohort study in the placement of anatomical markers.

• Klíčová slova
• lower limb, minimal detectable change, multi-segment foot model, optoelectronic stereophotogrammetry, standard error of measurement,
• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• chůze (způsob) MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Current demographic trends indicate that the population is aging. The aging process is inevitably connected with cognitive decline, which manifests itself in worsening working memory, processing speed, and attention. Therefore, apart from pharmacological therapies, non-pharmacological approaches which can influence cognitive performance (such as physical activities or healthy diet), are being investigated. The purpose of this study is to explore the types of nutritional interventions and their benefits in the prevention and delay of cognitive delay in healthy older individuals. The methods used in this study include a literature review of the available studies on the research topic found in Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE. The findings show that nutritional intervention has a positive impact on cognitive function in healthy older people. However, it seems that the interactions between more than one nutrient are most effective. The results reveal that specifically the Mediterranean diet appears to be effective in this respect. Moreover, the findings also indicate that multi-domain interventions including diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring have a far more significant effect on the enhancement of cognitive functions among healthy older individuals.

• Klíčová slova
• cognitive decline, healthy older individuals, intervention, nutrition, prevention, randomized clinical trials,
• MeSH
• chování snižující riziko MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• geriatrické hodnocení MeSH
• kognice * MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce diagnóza   patofyziologie   prevence a kontrola   psychologie   MeSH
• kognitivní stárnutí psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nutriční stav * MeSH
• ochranné faktory MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• strava středomořská MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zdravá strava * MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH