The authors discuss the characteristics of different types of collagen, their incidence, structure, chemical composition and physical properties with regard to their use as biomaterial. They also mention the antigenicity, effect on platelet aggregation, cytodifferentiation and cellular proliferation. The authors discuss different biomedical applications of collagen and methods of its sterilization.

• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály * MeSH
• kolagen * farmakologie   fyziologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulová hmotnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní materiály * MeSH
• kolagen * MeSH

Material-induced ossification is suggested as a suitable approach to heal large bone defects. Fiber-reinforced composite-bioactive glasses (FRC-BGs) display properties that could enhance the ossification of calvarial defects. Here, we analyzed the healing processes of a FRC-BG implant in vivo from the perspective of material-induced ossification. Histological analysis of the implant, which was removed 5 months after insertion, showed the formation of viable, noninflammatory mesenchymal tissue with newly-formed mineralized woven bone, as well as nonmineralized connective tissue with capillaries and larger blood vessels. The presence of osteocytes was detected within the newly generated bone matrix. To expand our understanding on the osteogenic properties of FRC-BG, we cultured human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) in the presence of two different BGs (45S5 and S53P4) and Al2 O3 control. AD-MSCs grew and proliferated on all the scaffolds tested, as well as secreted abundant extracellular matrix, when osteogenic differentiation was appropriately stimulated. 45S5 and S53P4 induced enhanced expression of COL2A1, COL10A1, COL5A1 collagen subunits, and pro-osteogenic genes BMP2 and BMP4. The concomitant downregulation of BMP3 was also detected. Our findings show that FRC-BG can support the vascularization of the implant and the formation of abundant connective tissue in vivo. Specifically, BG 45S5 and BG S53P4 are suited to evoke the osteogenic potential of host mesenchymal stromal cells. In conclusion, FRC-BG implant demonstrated material-induced ossification both in vitro and in vivo.

• Klíčová slova
• bioactive glass, bioactivity, biomaterial-induced ossification, cranial implant, fiber-reinforced composite, osteogenesis,
• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lebka zranění   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osteogeneze účinky léků   MeSH
• protézy a implantáty * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH

The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a highly vascularized avian extraembryonic membrane widely used as an in vivo model to study angiogenesis and its inhibition in response to tissues, cells, or soluble factors. In recent years, the use of CAM has become an integral part of the biocompatibility testing process for developing biomaterials intended for regenerative strategies and tissue engineering applications. In this study, we used the chicken ex ovo CAM assay to investigate the angiogenic potential of innovative acellular biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate/chitosan (PHB/CHIT) scaffold, which is intended for the treatment of hard tissue defects, depending on treatment with pro- and anti-angiogenic substances. On embryonic day (ED) 7, the experimental biomaterials were placed on the CAM alone or soaked in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), saline solution (PHY), or tyrosine kinase inhibitor (SU5402). After 72 h, the formation of vessels was analyzed in the surrounding area of the scaffold and inside the pores of the implants, using markers of embryonic endothelium (WGA, SNA), myofibroblasts (α-SMA), and macrophages (KUL-01). The morphological and histochemical analysis showed strong angiogenic potential of untreated scaffolds without additional effect of the angiogenic factor, VEGF-A. The lowest angiogenic potential was observed in scaffolds soaked with SU5402. Gene expression of pro-angiogenic growth factors, i.e., VEGF-A, ANG-2, and VE-CAD, was upregulated in untreated scaffolds after 72 h, indicating a pro-angiogenic environment. We concluded that the PHB/CHIT has a strong endogenous angiogenic potential and could be promising biomaterial for the treatment of hard tissue defects.

• Klíčová slova
• CAM assay, angiogenesis, biomaterial, bone tissue engineering, chitosan, polyhydroxybutyrate, regeneration,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Nature and its highly sophisticated biomaterials are an endless source of inspiration for engineers and scientists across a wide range of disciplines. During the last decade, concepts of bioinspired synthesis of hierarchically structured nano- and micromaterials have been attracting increasing attention. In this article, we have utilized the natural ability of fungi to absorb metal ions for a bioinspired synthesis of carbonaceous material doped by selected transition metals. As an all-around metal accumulator, Hebeloma mesophaeum was selected, and it was cultivated in the presence of three transition-metal ions: NiII , FeII , and MnII . The metal-doped carbonized biomaterial possessed enhanced catalytic activity toward hydrazine oxidation, oxygen reduction, and cumene hydroperoxide reduction. Thus, we have shown possible transformation of a waste product (fungi grown on a contaminated soil) into a value-added carbonaceous material with tailored catalytic properties. This bioinspired synthesis can outline an attractive route for the fabrication of catalysts for important industrial applications on a large scale.

• Klíčová slova
• biomaterials, doping, oxidation, reduction, transition metals,
• MeSH
• Agaricales chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály chemie   MeSH
• elektrochemické techniky MeSH
• hydraziny chemie   MeSH
• katalýza MeSH
• kovy chemie   MeSH
• nanostruktury chemie   MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• Ramanova spektroskopie MeSH
• transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
• uhlík chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• hydrazine MeSH Prohlížeč
• hydraziny MeSH
• kovy MeSH
• uhlík MeSH

Lectins, a distinct group of glycan-binding proteins, play a prominent role in the immune system ranging from pathogen recognition and tuning of inflammation to cell adhesion or cellular signalling. The possibilities of their detailed study expanded along with the rapid development of biomaterials in the last decade. The immense knowledge of all aspects of glycan-lectin interactions both in vitro and in vivo may be efficiently used in bioimaging, targeted drug delivery, diagnostic and analytic biological methods. Practically applicable examples comprise photoluminescence and optical biosensors, ingenious three-dimensional carbohydrate microarrays for high-throughput screening, matrices for magnetic resonance imaging, targeted hyperthermal treatment of cancer tissues, selective inhibitors of bacterial toxins and pathogen-recognising lectin receptors, and many others. This review aims to present an up-to-date systematic overview of glycan-decorated biomaterials promising for interactions with lectins, especially those applicable in biology, biotechnology or medicine. The lectins of interest include galectin-1, -3 and -7 participating in tumour progression, bacterial lectins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA-IL), E. coli (Fim-H) and Clostridium botulinum (HA33) or DC-SIGN, receptors of macrophages and dendritic cells. The spectrum of lectin-binding biomaterials covered herein ranges from glycosylated organic structures, calixarene and fullerene cores over glycopeptides and glycoproteins, functionalised carbohydrate scaffolds of cyclodextrin or chitin to self-assembling glycopolymer clusters, gels, micelles and liposomes. Glyconanoparticles, glycan arrays, and other biomaterials with a solid core are described in detail, including inorganic matrices like hydroxyapatite or stainless steel for bioimplants.

• MeSH
• Bacteria chemie   MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály chemie   normy   MeSH
• cukry chemie   MeSH
• galektiny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lektiny typu C chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lektiny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• molekuly buněčné adheze metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory buněčného povrchu metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• cukry MeSH
• DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin MeSH Prohlížeč
• galektiny MeSH
• lektiny typu C MeSH
• lektiny MeSH
• molekuly buněčné adheze MeSH
• receptory buněčného povrchu MeSH

This article briefly reviews the possibilities for hard tissue replacement with a new biomaterial. The basic differences found experimentally for polymer (HEMA) and collagen composite at the biological environment are stressed. The influence of the collagen distribution and matrix porosity of composite material on biodegradation is also discussed.

• MeSH
• biodegradace MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• kolagen chemie   MeSH
• kostní matrix * MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polyhydroxyethylmethakrylát chemie   MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• psi MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• transplantace kostí * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• psi MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• kolagen MeSH
• polyhydroxyethylmethakrylát MeSH

We present the structural modification of a commercially available glass ionomer cement by inserting the imidazolium salt 1-n-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C16MImCl), composing a new biomaterial with antifungal biofilm activity. Test specimens were prepared using a commercial glass ionomer cement to which 10 ppm of cetylpyridinium chloride (reference ionic antifungal agent) or C16MImCl were added. The feasibility and hypoallergenicity of the new biomaterial were assessed by microhardness plastic deformation and chorioallantoic membrane assays. Colony counting and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the modified specimens' antibiofilm activity against three multidrug-resistant Candida species. The modified glass ionomer cement presented a strong antibiofilm activity against Candida spp., without losing its original micromechanical and hypoallergenic properties, rendering it a promising candidate for further application in dentistry.

• Klíčová slova
• Antibiofilm activity, Candida spp, Dental material,
• MeSH
• antifungální látky * farmakologie   MeSH
• biofilmy účinky léků   MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály * MeSH
• Candida účinky léků   MeSH
• imidazoly chemie   MeSH
• mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• skloionomerní cementy * farmakologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antifungální látky * MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály * MeSH
• imidazoly MeSH
• skloionomerní cementy * MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Stroke is one of the most devastating diseases and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. So far, clinical management of stroke involves surgical clot retrieval or thrombolytic treatment inducing reperfusion of the occluded vessels in the cerebral infarcted area, which is dependent on early intervention following insult. New treatment strategies involve the promotion of angiogenesis and neuroplasticity, stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis, remyelinization, and immunomodulation by means of cell transplantation and sustained drug delivery. AREAS COVERED: This review describes different types of stem cells (endogenous and exogenous neural progenitors, pluripotent stem cell derivatives, mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs], olfactory ensheathing cells) and biomaterials, their routes of administration, means of noninvasive imaging, and the prerequisites and hurdles for the successful translation of the cell therapies to the clinic. EXPERT OPINION: Neural precursors (NPs) derived from pluripotent stem cells, unlike MSCs, can not only remodel the CNS by promoting neuroplasticity, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation, but also replace damaged cells. To transfer NPs into the clinic, step by step guidelines for researchers are identified and discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• clinical trials, ischemic lesion, mesenchymal stem cells, neural progenitors, neurogenesis, noninvasive imaging, stem cells, stroke, translation,
• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály terapeutické užití   MeSH
• buněčná a tkáňová terapie metody   trendy   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• hojení ran fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurogeneze fyziologie   MeSH
• neuroplasticita fyziologie   MeSH
• nika kmenových buněk fyziologie   MeSH
• pluripotentní kmenové buňky cytologie   fyziologie   transplantace   MeSH
• regenerace nervu fyziologie   MeSH
• řízená tkáňová regenerace * přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• tkáňové inženýrství přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• tkáňové podpůrné struktury chemie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH

A plethora of biomaterials for heart repair are being tested worldwide for potential clinical application. These therapeutics aim to enhance the quality of life of patients with heart disease using various methods to improve cardiac function. Despite the myriad of therapeutics tested, only a minority of these studied biomaterials have entered clinical trials. This rapid scoping review aims to analyze literature available from 2012 to 2022 with a focus on clinical trials using biomaterials for direct cardiac repair, i.e., where the intended function of the biomaterial is to enhance the repair of the endocardium, myocardium, epicardium or pericardium. This review included neither biomaterials related to stents and valve repair nor biomaterials serving as vehicles for the delivery of drugs. Surprisingly, the literature search revealed that only 8 different biomaterials mentioned in 23 different studies out of 7038 documents (journal articles, conference abstracts or clinical trial entries) have been tested in clinical trials since 2012. All of these, intended to treat various forms of ischaemic heart disease (heart failure, myocardial infarction), were of natural origin and most used direct injections as their delivery method. This review thus reveals notable gaps between groups of biomaterials tested pre-clinically and clinically. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Rapid scoping review of clinical application of biomaterials for cardiac repair. 7038 documents screened; 23 studies mention 8 different biomaterials only. Biomaterials for repair of endocardium, myocardium, epicardium or pericardium. Only 8 different biomaterials entered clinical trials in the past 10 years. All of the clinically translated biomaterials were of natural origin.

• Klíčová slova
• Biomaterial, Clinical trial, Heart disease, Multi-database searching, Scoping review,
• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály * chemie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• scoping review MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní materiály * MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Complete circular endoscopic (submucosal) resection (CER) performed using the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) technique is burdened with a high incidence of post-operative strictures in the esophagus. The most effective method of preventing them is not known so far; one of the possible methods is to prevent these strictures directly at the site of their formation by covering the defect with a stent. The aim of the study was to find a way to fix a selected biomaterial to a stent, and subsequently, to fix the stent at the CER site to prevent esophageal strictures in an animal model. METHOD: Miniature piglets from the Czech Academy of Sciences breeding unit in Libechov (N=10) were used. Endoscopy was performed using a single-channel endoscope. First, we made two circular mucosal cuts spaced 5 cm apart in the middle esophagus and we performed the CER between them using the endoscopic submucosal dissection technique. After that, we covered the defect with a stent coated with biomaterial (Xe-Derma®) while we tried to prevent stent migration into the stomach. For stent fixation, we tested endo-clips (N=3), the Apollo endoscopic system (N=1) and the suspension technique using two polyamide threads (N=6) anchored in the nasal septum. We performed a control endoscopy, stent removal and subsequent autopsy after 12 weeks. RESULTS: All procedures were completed successfully without serious complications or deaths. Although stents covered with Xe-Derma® were applied to the entire resection area, one case of mediastinitis and one paraesophageal abscess were found during autopsy, most likely due to microperforations caused during the procedure. Histological analysis showed that after contact with the biomaterial, re-epithelisation took place within one week of application to the resection area. Stent migration occurred in each case when the stent was attached to the esophageal wall by endo-clips or with the endoscopic suture system (Apollo). There was no stent dislocation in the cases where the stent was suspended by two polyamide threads. CONCLUSION: We developed a technique of fixing biomaterial to the surface of metallic stents which we used to prevent the formation of esophageal strictures after CER. Distal suspension fixation of the stent with a polyamide thread proved to be the most effective, while fixations by endo-clips or with the endoscopic suture system were ineffective.Key words: benign esophageal strictures circular endoscopic resection endoscopic submucosal dissection complication prevention.

• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• ezofágoskopie * přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• ezofágus MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• nádory jícnu * chirurgie   MeSH
• stenty * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH