In the evolving landscape of Industry 4.0, the integration of advanced wireless technologies into manufacturing processes holds the promise of unprecedented connectivity and efficiency. In particular, the data transmission in a heavy industry environment needs stable connectivity with mobile operators. This paper deals with the performance study of 4G and 5G mobile signal coverage within a complex factory environment. For this purpose, a cost-effective and portable measurement setup was realized and used to provide long-term measurement campaigns monitoring and recording several key parameter indicators (KPIs) in 4G/5G downlink and upload. To support the reproducibility of the provided study and other research activities, the measured dataset is publicly available for download. Among others findings, the obtained results show how the performance of 4G/5G is influenced by a heavy industry environment and of the time of day on the network load.

• Klíčová slova
• 4G, 5G, coverage mapping, industrial factory, key performance indicators, mobile networks,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIM: To map the current seroprevalence of antibodies and vaccine coverage against viral hepatitis A (VHA) in the general population of the South Moravian Region (SMR). MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the VHA outbreak in 2016, nearly 3500 persons were investigated epidemiologically by the Regional Public Health Authority of the SMR within the anti-epidemic measures. The data collected were, among others, basic personal data and information whether the person has been vaccinated against VHA. For the reportedly vaccinated, the information was checked in the GP records or vaccination card. Those who reported to be unvaccinated were referred for serological testing. For the purposes of this retrospective prevalence study, available data on 3130 persons were analysed. The study population was divided into 10 age groups (0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, 15-19 years, 20-24 years, 25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45-54 years, 55-65 years, and 65 years and over). The numbers of vaccinated persons with positive total antibodies and of those who tested negative were determined. The data obtained were statistically analysed using the Microsoft Excel tabular processor. RESULTS: Of the study cohort of 3130 persons, 659 (21.05 %) turned out to be seropositive, and 320 (10.22 %) of the seropositives were vaccinated. The seroprevalence rates in the age groups over 35 years were increasing with increasing age, being the highest (51.40 %) in those aged 65 years and older. The highest vaccine coverage rates were achieved in the age groups 10-14 years (20.73 %) and 15-19 years (20.77 %). CONCLUSION: The seroprevalence rates of antibodies against VHA in the general population of the SMR are very low (21.05 %), being even lower than previously reported. The vaccine coverage rate against VHA is 10.22 %. The results show higher vaccine coverage rates in those born after the vaccine against VHA was implemented. Children show the highest vaccine coverage rates. Adults tend to get vaccinated less often. This fact promotes the risk of infection spread and outbreaks, as recently evidenced by the spread of infection from persons engaging in risky behaviours to the general population of young working-age adults.

• Klíčová slova
• viral hepatitis A - seroprevalence - vaccine coverage rate - susceptibility.,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hepatitida A * epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• vakcinace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• vakcíny * MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• vakcíny * MeSH

This work introduces the Advanced Multi-Objective Salp Swarm Algorithm Exploration Technique (AMET), which is a novel optimization framework designed to enhance the efficiency and robustness of multi-robot exploration. AMET combines the deterministic structure of Coordinated Multi-Robot Exploration (CME) with the adaptive search capabilities of the Multi-Objective Salp Swarm Algorithm (MSSA) to achieve a balanced trade-off between exploration efficiency and mapping accuracy. To validate its effectiveness, AMET is compared to both multi-objective and single-objective exploration strategies, including CME combined with Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer (CME-MGWO), Multi-Objective Ant Colony Optimization (CME-MACO), Multi-Objective Dragonfly Algorithm (CME-MODA), and the single-objective CME with traditional Salp Swarm Algorithm (CME-SSA). The evaluation focuses on four critical performance metrics: runtime efficiency, exploration area coverage, mission completion resilience, and the reduction of redundant exploration. Experimental results across multiple case studies demonstrate that AMET consistently outperforms both single-objective and multi-objective counterparts, achieving superior area coverage, reduced computational overhead, and enhanced exploration coordination. These findings highlight the potential of AMET as a scalable and efficient approach for robotic exploration, providing a foundation for future advancements in multi-robot systems. The proposed method opens new possibilities for applications in search-and-rescue operations, planetary surface exploration, and large-scale environmental monitoring.

• Klíčová slova
• Area coverage, Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous robotic systems, Computational efficiency, Multi-objective optimization, Multi-robot exploration, Salp swarm algorithm,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Quantitative maps of rotating frame relaxation (RFR) time constants are sensitive and useful magnetic resonance imaging tools with which to evaluate tissue integrity in vivo. However, to date, only moderate image resolutions of 1.6 x 1.6 x 3.6 mm3 have been used for whole-brain coverage RFR mapping in humans at 3 T. For more precise morphometrical examinations, higher spatial resolutions are desirable. Towards achieving the long-term goal of increasing the spatial resolution of RFR mapping without increasing scan times, we explore the use of the recently introduced Transform domain NOise Reduction with DIstribution Corrected principal component analysis (T-NORDIC) algorithm for thermal noise reduction. RFR acquisitions at 3 T were obtained from eight healthy participants (seven males and one female) aged 52 ± 20 years, including adiabatic T1ρ, T2ρ, and nonadiabatic Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field (RAFF) in the rotating frame of rank n = 4 (RAFF4) with both 1.6 x 1.6 x 3.6 mm3 and 1.25 x 1.25 x 2 mm3 image resolutions. We compared RFR values and their confidence intervals (CIs) obtained from fitting the denoised versus nondenoised images, at both voxel and regional levels separately for each resolution and RFR metric. The comparison of metrics obtained from denoised versus nondenoised images was performed with a two-sample paired t-test and statistical significance was set at p less than 0.05 after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. The use of T-NORDIC on the RFR images prior to the fitting procedure decreases the uncertainty of parameter estimation (lower CIs) at both spatial resolutions. The effect was particularly prominent at high-spatial resolution for RAFF4. Moreover, T-NORDIC did not degrade map quality, and it had minimal impact on the RFR values. Denoising RFR images with T-NORDIC improves parameter estimation while preserving the image quality and accuracy of all RFR maps, ultimately enabling high-resolution RFR mapping in scan times that are suitable for clinical settings.

• Klíčová slova
• NORDIC, brain mapping, denoising, quantitative MRI, rotating frame relaxation,
• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody   MeSH
• mapování mozku MeSH
• mozek * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• poměr signál - šum * MeSH
• rotace MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Genotype imputation from low-pass sequencing data presents unique opportunities for genomic analyses but comes with specific challenges. In this study, we explore the impact of quality filters on genetic ancestry and Polygenic Score (PGS) estimation after imputing 32,769 low-pass genome-wide sequences (LPS) from noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) with an average autosomal sequence depth of ∼0.15×. In studies involving ultra-low coverage sequences, conventional approaches to secure genotype accuracy may fail, especially when multiple samples are pooled. To enhance the proportion of high-quality genotypes in large data sets, we introduce a filtering approach called GDI that combines genotype probability (GP), alternate allele dosage (DS), and INFO score filters. We demonstrate that the imputation tools QUILT and GLIMPSE2 achieve similar accuracy, which is high enough for broad-scale ancestry mapping but insufficient for high resolution principal component analysis (PCA), when applied without filters. With the GDI approach, we can achieve quality that is adequate for such purposes. Furthermore, we explored the impact of imputation errors, choice of variants, and filtering methods on PGS prediction for height in 1911 subjects with height data. We show that polygenic scores predict 23.7% of variance in height in our imputed data and that, contrary to the effect on PCA, the GDI filter does not improve the performance of PGS in height prediction. These results highlight that imputed LPS data can be leveraged for further biomedical and population genetic use, but there is a need to consider each downstream analysis tool individually for its imputation quality thresholds and filtering requirements.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) enables the simultaneous noninvasive acquisition of MR spectra from multiple spatial locations inside the brain. Although 1H-MRSI is increasingly used in the human brain, it is not yet widely applied in the preclinical setting, mostly because of difficulties specifically related to very small nominal voxel size in the rat brain and low concentration of brain metabolites, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this context, we implemented a free induction decay 1H-MRSI sequence (1H-FID-MRSI) in the rat brain at 14.1 T. We combined the advantages of 1H-FID-MRSI with the ultra-high magnetic field to achieve higher SNR, coverage, and spatial resolution in the rat brain and developed a custom dedicated processing pipeline with a graphical user interface for Bruker 1H-FID-MRSI: MRS4Brain toolbox. LCModel fit, using the simulated metabolite basis set and in vivo measured MM, provided reliable fits for the data at acquisition delays of 1.30 ms. The resulting Cramér-Rao lower bounds were sufficiently low (< 30%) for eight metabolites of interest (total creatine, N-acetylaspartate, N-acetylaspartate + N-acetylaspartylglutamate, total choline, glutamine, glutamate, myo-inositol, and taurine), leading to highly reproducible metabolic maps. Similar spectral quality and metabolic maps were obtained with one and two averages, with slightly better contrast and brain coverage due to increased SNR in the latter case. Furthermore, the obtained metabolic maps were accurate enough to confirm the previously known brain regional distribution of some metabolites. The acquisitions proved high reproducibility over time. We demonstrated that the increased SNR and spectral resolution at 14.1 T can be translated into high spatial resolution in 1H-FID-MRSI of the rat brain in 13 min using the sequence and processing pipeline described herein. High-resolution 1H-FID-MRSI at 14.1 T provided robust, reproducible, and high-quality metabolic mapping of brain metabolites with minimal technical limitations.

• Klíčová slova
• 1H‐FID‐MRSI, brain metabolites, magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging, metabolite mapping, rat brain, ultra‐high field,
• MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• metabolom MeSH
• mozek * metabolismus   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• poměr signál - šum MeSH
• potkani Sprague-Dawley MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• protonová magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Media, and particularly TV media, have a great impact on the general public. In recent years, spatial patterns of information and the relevance of intangible geographies have become increasingly important. Gatekeeping plays a critical role in the selection of information that is transformed into media. Therefore, gatekeeping, through national media, also co-forms the generation of mental maps. In this paper, correspondence analysis (a statistical method) combined with cloud lines (a new visual analytics technique) is used to analyze how individual major regional events in one of the post-communist countries, the Czech Republic, penetrate into the media on a national scale. Although national news should minimize distortions about regions, this assumption has not been verified by our research. Impressions presented by the media of selected regions that were markedly influenced by one or several events in those regions demonstrate that gatekeepers, especially news reporters, functioned as a filter by selecting only a few specific, and in many cases, unusual events for dissemination.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The huge size, redundancy, and highly repetitive nature of the bread wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.)] genome, makes it among the most difficult species to be sequenced. To overcome these limitations, a strategy based on the separation of individual chromosomes or chromosome arms and the subsequent production of physical maps was established within the frame of the International Wheat Genome Sequence Consortium (IWGSC). A total of 95,812 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones of short-arm chromosome 5A (5AS) and long-arm chromosome 5A (5AL) arm-specific BAC libraries were fingerprinted and assembled into contigs by complementary analytical approaches based on the FingerPrinted Contig (FPC) and Linear Topological Contig (LTC) tools. Combined anchoring approaches based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) marker screening, microarray, and sequence homology searches applied to several genomic tools (i.e., genetic maps, deletion bin map, neighbor maps, BAC end sequences (BESs), genome zipper, and chromosome survey sequences) allowed the development of a high-quality physical map with an anchored physical coverage of 75% for 5AS and 53% for 5AL with high portions (64 and 48%, respectively) of contigs ordered along the chromosome. In the genome of grasses, Brachypodium [Brachypodium distachyon (L.) Beauv.], rice (Oryza sativa L.), and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] homologs of genes on wheat chromosome 5A were separated into syntenic blocks on different chromosomes as a result of translocations and inversions during evolution. The physical map presented represents an essential resource for fine genetic mapping and map-based cloning of agronomically relevant traits and a reference for the 5A sequencing projects.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

RNA editing by targeted insertion and deletion of uridine is crucial to generate translatable mRNAs from the cryptogenes of the mitochondrial genome of kinetoplastids. This type of editing consists of a stepwise cascade of reactions generally proceeding from 3' to 5' on a transcript, resulting in a population of partially edited as well as pre-edited and completely edited molecules for each mitochondrial cryptogene of these protozoans. Often, the number of uridines inserted and deleted exceed the number of nucleotides that are genome-encoded. Thus, analysis of kinetoplastid mitochondrial transcriptomes has proven frustratingly complex. Here we present our analysis of Leptomonas pyrrhocoris mitochondrial cDNA deep sequencing reads using T-Aligner, our new tool which allows comprehensive characterization of RNA editing, not relying on targeted transcript amplification and on prior knowledge of final edited products. T-Aligner implements a pipeline of read mapping, visualization of all editing states and their coverage, and assembly of canonical and alternative translatable mRNAs. We also assess T-Aligner functionality on a more challenging deep sequencing read input from Trypanosoma cruzi. The analysis reveals that transcripts of cryptogenes of both species undergo very complex editing that includes the formation of alternative open reading frames and whole categories of truncated editing products.

• MeSH
• editace RNA * MeSH
• genom mitochondriální genetika   MeSH
• genom protozoální genetika   MeSH
• izoformy RNA genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• mitochondrie genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• RNA mitochondriální genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• RNA protozoální genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• sestřih RNA MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese metody   MeSH
• Trypanosoma brucei brucei genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Trypanosomatina genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• výpočetní biologie metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• izoformy RNA MeSH
• RNA mitochondriální MeSH
• RNA protozoální MeSH

Trypsin dominates bottom-up proteomics, but there are reasons to consider alternative enzymes. Improving sequence coverage, exposing proteomic "dark matter," and clustering post-translational modifications in different ways and with higher-order drive the pursuit of reagents complementary to trypsin. Additionally, enzymes that are easy to use and generate larger peptides that capitalize upon newer fragmentation technologies should have a place in proteomics. We expressed and characterized recombinant neprosin, a novel prolyl endoprotease of the DUF239 family, which preferentially cleaves C-terminal to proline residues under highly acidic conditions. Cleavage also occurs C-terminal to alanine with some frequency, but with an intriguingly high "skipping rate." Digestion proceeds to a stable end point, resulting in an average peptide mass of 2521 units and a higher dependence upon electron-transfer dissociation for peptide-spectrum matches. In contrast to most proline-cleaving enzymes, neprosin effectively degrades proteins of any size. For 1251 HeLa cell proteins identified in common using trypsin, Lys-C, and neprosin, almost 50% of the neprosin sequence contribution is unique. The high average peptide mass coupled with cleavage at residues not usually modified provide new opportunities for profiling clusters of post-translational modifications. We show that neprosin is a useful reagent for reading epigenetic marks on histones. It generates peptide 1-38 of histone H3 and peptide 1-32 of histone H4 in a single digest, permitting the analysis of co-occurring post-translational modifications in these important N-terminal tails.

• MeSH
• HeLa buňky MeSH
• histony chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• peptidy metabolismus   MeSH
• posttranslační úpravy proteinů MeSH
• proteasy metabolismus   MeSH
• proteomika metody   MeSH
• rekombinantní proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• histony MeSH
• peptidy MeSH
• proteasy MeSH
• rekombinantní proteiny MeSH