Plants are affected by complex genome×environment×management interactions which determine phenotypic plasticity as a result of the variability of genetic components. Whereas great advances have been made in the cost-efficient and high-throughput analyses of genetic information and non-invasive phenotyping, the large-scale analyses of the underlying physiological mechanisms lag behind. The external phenotype is determined by the sum of the complex interactions of metabolic pathways and intracellular regulatory networks that is reflected in an internal, physiological, and biochemical phenotype. These various scales of dynamic physiological responses need to be considered, and genotyping and external phenotyping should be linked to the physiology at the cellular and tissue level. A high-dimensional physiological phenotyping across scales is needed that integrates the precise characterization of the internal phenotype into high-throughput phenotyping of whole plants and canopies. By this means, complex traits can be broken down into individual components of physiological traits. Since the higher resolution of physiological phenotyping by 'wet chemistry' is inherently limited in throughput, high-throughput non-invasive phenotyping needs to be validated and verified across scales to be used as proxy for the underlying processes. Armed with this interdisciplinary and multidimensional phenomics approach, plant physiology, non-invasive phenotyping, and functional genomics will complement each other, ultimately enabling the in silico assessment of responses under defined environments with advanced crop models. This will allow generation of robust physiological predictors also for complex traits to bridge the knowledge gap between genotype and phenotype for applications in breeding, precision farming, and basic research.

Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copenhagen Plant Science Centre University of Copenhagen Højbakkegård Allé 13 2630 Taastrup Denmark

Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copenhagen Plant Science Centre University of Copenhagen Højbakkegård Allé 13 2630 Taastrup Denmark Global Change Research Centre Czech Globe AS CR v v i Drásov 470 Cz 664 24 Drásov Czech Republic

Citace poskytuje Crossref.org

Functional phenomics for improved climate resilience in Nordic agriculture

Identification of Root-Associated Bacteria That Influence Plant Physiology, Increase Seed Germination, or Promote Growth of the Christmas Tree Species Abies nordmanniana

Early-stage sugar beet taproot development is characterized by three distinct physiological phases

Burkholderia Phytofirmans PsJN Stimulate Growth and Yield of Quinoa under Salinity Stress

Bacillus licheniformis FMCH001 Increases Water Use Efficiency via Growth Stimulation in Both Normal and Drought Conditions

Simple semi-high throughput determination of activity signatures of key antioxidant enzymes for physiological phenotyping

Physiological phenotyping of mammalian cell lines by enzymatic activity fingerprinting of key carbohydrate metabolic enzymes: a pilot and feasibility study

A Novel Image-Based Screening Method to Study Water-Deficit Response and Recovery of Barley Populations Using Canopy Dynamics Phenotyping and Simple Metabolite Profiling

Review: New sensors and data-driven approaches-A path to next generation phenomics

Understanding the Biostimulant Action of Vegetal-Derived Protein Hydrolysates by High-Throughput Plant Phenotyping and Metabolomics: A Case Study on Tomato

Metabolic Consequences of Infection of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. "Modra frankinja" with Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasma