Aspergillus fumigatus has been designated by the World Health Organization as a critical priority fungal pathogen. Some commercially available diagnostics for many forms of aspergillosis rely on fungal metabolites. These encompass intracellular molecules, cell wall components, and extracellular secretomes. This review summarizes the shortcomings of antibody tests compared to tests of fungal products in body fluids and highlights the application of β-d-glucan, galactomannan, and pentraxin 3 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. We also discuss the detection of nucleic acids and next-generation sequencing, along with newer studies on Aspergillus metallophores.

California Institute for Medical Research 2260 Clove Drive San Jose CA 95128 USA

Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Science Palacký University 17 Listopadu 12 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic

Department of Bacteriology and Mycology Public Health Institute in Ostrava Partyzánské Náměstí 2633 7 702 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA 95128 USA

Institute of Laboratory Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava Syllabova 19 703 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská 1083 142 20 Prague Czech Republic

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