The introgression of chromosome segments from wild relatives is an established strategy to enrich crop germplasm with disease-resistance genes1. Here we use mutagenesis and transcriptome sequencing to clone the leaf rust resistance gene Lr9, which was introduced into bread wheat from the wild grass species Aegilops umbellulata2. We established that Lr9 encodes an unusual tandem kinase fusion protein. Long-read sequencing of a wheat Lr9 introgression line and the putative Ae. umbellulata Lr9 donor enabled us to assemble the ~28.4-Mb Lr9 translocation and to identify the translocation breakpoint. We likewise cloned Lr58, which was reportedly introgressed from Aegilops triuncialis3, but has an identical coding sequence compared to Lr9. Cytogenetic and haplotype analyses corroborate that the two genes originate from the same translocation event. Our work sheds light on the emerging role of kinase fusion proteins in wheat disease resistance, expanding the repertoire of disease-resistance genes for breeding.

Agricultural Institute Centre for Agricultural Research Martonvásár Hungary

Bioscience Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Center for Desert Agriculture King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research Olomouc Czech Republic

Plant Science Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Wheat Genetics Resource Center and Department of Plant Pathology Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA

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Nat Genet. 2023 Jun;55(6):908-909. doi: 10.1038/s41588-023-01396-w. PubMed

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A single NLR gene confers resistance to leaf and stripe rust in wheat

Analysis of a global wheat panel reveals a highly diverse introgression landscape and provides evidence for inter-homoeologue chromosomal recombination

Dissection of a rapidly evolving wheat resistance gene cluster by long-read genome sequencing accelerated the cloning of Pm69

The wheat stem rust resistance gene Sr43 encodes an unusual protein kinase

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