The plant-signaling molecule auxin triggers fast and slow cellular responses across land plants and algae. The nuclear auxin pathway mediates gene expression and controls growth and development in land plants, but this pathway is absent from algal sister groups. Several components of rapid responses have been identified in Arabidopsis, but it is unknown if these are part of a conserved mechanism. We recently identified a fast, proteome-wide phosphorylation response to auxin. Here, we show that this response occurs across 5 land plant and algal species and converges on a core group of shared targets. We found conserved rapid physiological responses to auxin in the same species and identified rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF)-like protein kinases as central mediators of auxin-triggered phosphorylation across species. Genetic analysis connects this kinase to both auxin-triggered protein phosphorylation and rapid cellular response, thus identifying an ancient mechanism for fast auxin responses in the green lineage.

Department of Applied Biological Science Faculty of Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science Noda Chiba Japan

Department of Experimental Plant Biology Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Graduate School of Biostudies Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

Institute of Science and Technology Austria Klosterneuburg Austria

Laboratory of Biochemistry Wageningen University Stippeneng 4 Wageningen the Netherlands

Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology Wageningen University Wageningen the Netherlands

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Nat Plants. 2024 Feb;10(2):200. doi: 10.1038/s41477-024-01636-9. PubMed

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