OBJECTIVE: To identify the current challenges and barriers within the esports environment in the Central and East European countries and to explore the potential for collaboration between universities, particularly sports faculties, and the esports ecosystem. The research also aims to clarify the perceived roles of universities, including their research domains, within the context of esports. METHODS: The research is based on a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were used in the qualitative research to analyze attitudes toward the esports issues. The interviews were conducted with 18 stakeholders, the recordings were transcribed verbatim, coded and analyzed using the MAXQDA Analytics Pro software. RESULTS: The analysis led to the following findings: Universities can collaborate with esports teams, players, and other stakeholders to research and analyze players' physical state and performance, offering courses and certifications for coaches and managers of esports teams, where they would learn gaming skills and player's health and physical preparation. Moreover, universities can facilitate interaction between esports teams and experts in the field of nutrition, sleep, etc., potentially leading to improved health and performance of players. Finally, universities can collaborate with esports associations to establish standards and licensing requirements for coaches, managers, and other professionals in the esports industry. CONCLUSION: The paper advocates collaboration between universities and esports organizations and encourages flexibility and innovation. Recommendations include establishing formalized training programs for players, coaches, managers and organizers, promoting esports within the university environment, fostering positive perceptions, and supporting university leagues.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
1. vydání 109 stran : ilustrace ; 30 cm
Vysokoškolská učebnice, která se zaměřuje na ekonomiku zdravotnických zařízení.; Vysokoškolský učební text poskytuje přehled o ekonomických aspektech fungování zdravotnických zařízení v České republice.
- Konspekt
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
- NLK Obory
- ekonomie, ekonomika, ekonomika zdravotnictví
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
1. vydání 107 stran : ilustrace ; 29 cm
Vysokoškolská učebnice, která se zaměřuje na řízení lidských zdrojů; zdravotnických pracovníků.; Vysokoškolský studijní materiál pokrývá teorie a praktické aspekty řízení lidských zdrojů v kontextu zdravotnictví.
Introduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate adherence and retention rates to home-based video exercise programs and identify key factors associated with these rates in older adults to understand the effectiveness of home-based video exercise interventions. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for articles addressing adherence to and retention of home-based video exercise programs. The study was conducted following PRISMA recommendations. Results: A total of 26 articles, including 1,292 participants older than 65, were included in the final qualitative and quantitative syntheses. The weighted mean of the retention rate was 91.1, and of the attendance rate was 85.0, with low I2 = 3.5, not significant p = 0.409 heterogeneity. The generalized regression models showed a positive effect of session duration on the attendance rate (%), where the possible change from <20 min to >60 min duration could decrease the attendance rate (%) B = -24.390 (p <0.001). The delivery method had a significant effect, where the absence of live contact with the coach in web-based or DVD-delivered interventions could decrease the attendance rate (%) compared to the online sessions B = -11.482 (p = 0.010). The lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic had a positive effect on both the attendance rate (%) B = 10.321 (p = 0.019) and retention rate (%) B = 9.577 (p = 0.032). Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that supervised home-based video exercise programs lasting less than 60 min might be a suitable and sustainable exercise mode to keep older adults active, especially in times resembling feelings of confinement.
- MeSH
- adherence pacienta * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- COVID-19 epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- služby domácí péče organizace a řízení MeSH
- terapie cvičením * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Higher-than-recommended sugar consumption (< 10% of total energy intake; WHO) leads to negative health impacts and the development of serious diseases. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) proved to be among the leading sources of free sugar intake, as they contain large amounts of added sugar. Our article aims to propose tax measures that will help change consumer behaviour and reduce SSBs consumption. METHODS: For a comparison of the forms of taxation, the experience of seven countries (Denmark, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Catalonia - Spain, and the UK) were analysed. The evolution of sugar consumption, consumption of sweetened drinks and obesity before and after the introduction and/or abolition of the sugar tax were reviewed. RESULTS: States that implemented a tax on SSBs were able to reduce SSBs consumption in the first year after the tax was introduced when states with a sugar-content-based tax have implemented it more effectively than states with a volume-based tax. Based on this finding, we propose basic design assumptions for the tax that can be used in European countries that have not yet introduced the tax. Progressive taxation divides beverages into 3 bands. The basic assumption is to encourage the desired consumer behaviour, i.e., consumption of SSBs with lower sugar content. The proposed tax design is applied to the conditions of the Czech Republic as a model case study. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that SSBs taxation could be an effective policy intervention to improve population health by reducing the health impacts of SSBs among children and adolescents, although further studies are needed to prove the causality of the described associations.
- MeSH
- cukrem slazené nápoje * ekonomika MeSH
- daně * MeSH
- Evropská unie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Managed Entry Agreements (MEAs) play a pivotal role in addressing the challenges arising from escalating prices of innovative medical technologies, especially in areas like oncology, immunology, and rare diseases. Among MEAs, Performance-Based MEAs (PB MEAs) and Outcome-Based MEAs (OB MEAs) stand out as innovative strategies. This study examines the adoption of PB MEAs in the Czech Republic post a 2022 legislative change. Interviews with key stakeholders, including the Ministry of Health, pharmaceutical companies, insurers, and patient groups, were conducted to explore perceptions and challenges. Stakeholders expressed concerns about legislation completeness, data quality, transparency, and methodology. Interestingly, pharmaceutical companies were less concerned about transparency and methodology, likely due to their multinational experience. Despite legislative progress, challenges persist, especially in data infrastructure, risk-sharing perceptions, and stakeholder readiness. Addressing these issues requires collaboration between pharmaceutical companies and payers. Patient involvement, though mandated, remains limited, potentially due to a lack of awareness. This study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive transformation beyond legislation for a successful PB MEA implementation. Trust, technical infrastructure, and data availability are crucial, necessitating a holistic approach. It contributes to the global discourse on PB MEAs, stressing the adjustment of financial frameworks, embracing value-based healthcare principles, and ensuring high-quality health data metrics. A more holistic, value-based MEA approach could reshape pharmaceutical reimbursement in the future.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Slovakia has adopted an amendment to Act No. 363/2011, regulating, among other things, drug reimbursement and is undergoing a significant change in the availability of innovative treatments for patients. High expectations are associated with arrangements related to performance-based managed entry agreements. Opinions and positions towards this change appear to be inconsistent, and for the further application of the law in practice and when setting up the main implementation processes, it is necessary to understand the positions and opinions of the individual actors who are involved in the PB-MEA process. The interviews were conducted in the period from 20 May to 15 August 2022 around the same time as the finalisation of the amendment to Act No. 363/2011 and its adoption. A roughly one-hour open interview was conducted on a sample of 12 stakeholders in the following groups: representatives of the Ministry of Health, health-care providers, pharmaceutical companies and others, including a health insurance company. The main objective was to qualitatively describe the perception of this topic by key stakeholders in Slovakia. The responses were analysed using MAXQDATA 2022 software to obtain codes associated with key expressions. We identified three main strong top categories of expressions that strongly dominated the pro-management interviews with stakeholders: legislation, opportunities and threats. Ambiguity and insufficient coverage of the new law, improved availability of medicinal products and threats associated with data, IT systems and potentially unfavourable new reimbursement schemes were identified as key topics of each of the said top categories, respectively. Among individual sets of respondents, there is frequent consensus on both opportunities and threats in the area of implementing process changes in PB-MEA. For the successful implementation of the law in practice, some basic threats need to be removed, among which in particular is insufficient data infrastructure.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The objective of the paper is to evaluate the quality of systemic change management (CHM) and readiness for change in five Central European countries. The secondary goal is to identify trends and upcoming changes in the field of digital innovations in healthcare. The results show that all compared countries (regardless of their historical context) deal with similar CHM challenges with a rather similar degree of success. A questionnaire distributed to hospitals clearly showed that there is still considerable room for improvement in terms of the use of specific CHM tools. A review focused on digital innovations based on the PRISMA statement showed that there are five main directions, namely, data collection and integration, telemedicine, artificial intelligence, electronic medical records, and M-Health. In the hospital environment, there are considerable reservations in applying change management principles, as well as the absence of a systemic approach. The main factors that must be monitored for a successful and sustainable CHM include a clearly defined and widely communicated vision, early engagement of all stakeholders, precisely set rules, adaptation to the local context and culture, provision of a technical base, and a step-by-step implementation with strong feedback.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This study aims to calculate the costs of prostate cancer radiotherapy in a regional hospital Department of Radiation Oncology equipped with Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Volumetric Arc Therapy (VMAT) radiation technology, using activity based costing (ABC), and to compare the costs of both methods at the level of component treatment process activities and with respect to insurance reimbursements. The costing was performed based on a sample of 273 IMRT VMAT patients and 312 3D-CRT patients in a regional hospital in the period from 2018 to 2019. The research has highlighted the necessity to place emphasis on factors that may skew the costing results. The resulting output has been supplemented by a sensitivity analysis, whereas the modeled parameter is represented by the time required for one patient fraction on a linear accelerator and the time the Radiology Assistant needs to prepare the complete radiation plan as part of radiotherapy planning. Moreover, the effects of the received grant, in the form of calculated write-offs, are also considered. The case study uses the example of radiotherapy to demonstrate the potential of ABC and suggests considering the application of this method as an effective management tool for cost and economic evaluation as part of comprehensive hospital assessment under the Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment (HB-HTA) initiative.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Článek se zabývá verifikací homogenity regionálních trhů práce v rámci vybraných profesí v sektorech zdravotní a sociální péče v České republice na základě mzdové odměny, složek mzdy, míry zaměstnanosti a odpracovaných hodin. Podrobnější analýza profesí z hlediska trhu práce umožňuje specifikovat heterogenitu a homogenitu v rámci jednotlivých regionů, stejně jako v mnoha ohledech zjišťovat velké disproporce. Pro identifikaci skupin s podobnými charakteristikami na trhu práce v regionech bude použita clusterová analýza, jejímž cílem bude zjistit, zda je na základě zvolených makroekonomických indikátorů možné odhalit rozdíly mezi zkoumanými regiony. Pomocí clusterové analýzy budou určeny regiony vykazující stejné aspekty na pracovním trhu pro tři vybrané skupiny povolání v rámci sektorů zdravotní a sociální péče.
The article deals with the verification of the homogeneity of the regional labor markets within selected professions in the health care and social care sectors in the Czech Republic on the basis of wage remuneration, wage components, the employment rate, and hours worked. A more detailed analysis of the professions in terms of the labor market enables the specification of heterogeneity and homogeneity within the individual regions, as, in many regards, large disparities are seen. In order to find groups of regions with similar labor market characteristics, cluster analysis will be used, the goal of which will be to examine whether it is possible, on the basis of the selected macroeconomic indicators, to identify differences among the regions being studied. With the aid of cluster analysis, regions showing the same labor market aspects, for three selected profession groups within the health care and social care sectors, will be determined.
