Úvod: Podávanie kombinovaného lieku nirmatrelvir/ritonavir súbežne s kardiovaskulárnymi liekmi má množstvo liekových interakcií, ktoré môžu viesť k zlyhaniu farmakoterapie chronických ochorení. Pred indikáciou tohto lieku je preto nevyhnutné vyhodnotiť riziko interakcií, ktoré sa môžu vyskytnúť pri aktuálnej chronickej farmakoterapii. Cieľ: Identifikácia liekových interakcií nirmatrelviru/ritonaviru s liekmi užívanými na liečbu kardiovaskulárnych ochorení a diabetes mellitus 2. typu v chronickej farmakoterapii, zhodnotenie rizika potenciálnych liekových interakcií a sumarizácia klinicky významných interakcií a tým prispieť k zníženiu rizika nežiaducich účinkov farmakoterapie. Metodika: Štúdia prebiehala vo verejných lekárňach a na Infekčnej klinike Fakultnej nemocnice Nitra. Celkovo bolo 150 posudzovaných liekov v kombinácii s nirmatrelvirom/ritonavirom. Liekové interakcie sme overovali pomocou údajov v SmPC a liekových databáz Lexicomp a Liverpool COVID-19 drug interactions checker. Výsledky: Z celkového počtu posudzovaných liekov (N = 150) až 31,3 % vykazovalo interakcie rôznej závažnosti. Kardiovaskulárne lieky tvorili 35 % a antidiabetiká 4,7 %. 25 % liekových interakcií kardiovaskulárnych liekov vyžadovalo úpravu dávky alebo monitorovanie NÚL. 7,7 % bolo závažných interakcií, pri ktorých je daný liek kontraindikovaný, 67,3 % z posudzovaných liekov nevykazovalo žiadne klinicky významné interakcie. Pri 42,9 % antidiabetík je potrebné monitorovať klinický stav pre možný výskyt NÚL. Záver: Podávanie nirmatrelviru/ritonaviru je limitované vysokou prevalenciou liekových interakcií. Táto práca sumarizuje všetky klinicky významné interakcie a má prispieť k zníženiu rizika nežiaducich účinkov farmakoterapie v dôsledku interakcií.
Introduction: Co-administration of the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir with cardiovascular medications has a number of drug interactions that can lead to failure of pharmacotherapy for chronic diseases. It is therefore essential to evaluate the risk of interactions that may occur with current chronic pharmacotherapy before indicating this drug. Aim: To identify drug interactions of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir with medication for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in chronic pharmacotherapy, to assess the risk of potential drug-drug interactions, and to summarize clinically relevant interactions and thereby contribute to the reduction of the risk of adverse effects of pharmacotherapy. Methods: The study was performed in public pharmacies and at the Infectious Diseases Clinic of the University Hospital Nitra. A total of 150 drugs in combination with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were assessed. Drug interactions were validated using SmPC data and the Lexicomp and Liverpool COVID-19 drug interactions checker databases. Results: Of the total number of drugs assessed (N=150), 31.3% showed interactions of variably different severity. 35% of the drugs were cardiovascular and 4.7% antidiabetic drugs. Of the drug interactions, 25% required dose adjustment or monitoring of therapy, 7.7% were severe interactions in which the drug was contraindicated, and 67.3% showed no interactions. For 42.9% of antidiabetic drugs, patients' clinical status needs to be monitored for the possible occurrence of drug adverse events. Conclusion: Administration of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is limited by the high prevalence of drug-drug interactions. This paper summarizes all clinically relevant interactions and is intended to contribute to reducing the risk of adverse drug therapy effects due to interactions.
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- abstrakt z konference MeSH
An important representative of biologically active natural substances, Chan Su, has recently been the focus of great interest in evidence-based scientific research. While until 1994 no more than single papers on this topic were published annually, in the period 1995–2010 there appeared tens, and in recent years several tens. This indicates a great interest of experts in the components of Chan Su, and thus in bufadienolides and especially in their influence on various types of tumours. The corresponding medicinal drug, being used for several thousand years, is still rightly in the centre of attention. In the toad venom (Venenum bufonis), nature has created a real library of biologically active substances, which people in the Orient learned to use thousands of years ago and which they produce, use and examine to this day.
Cardiac glycosides are bioactive natural compounds well-known mainly for their potency to induce a cardiotonic effect by sodium-potassium ATPase inhibition. For many years, cardiac glycosides have been utilized to treat heart failure and arrhythmias; however, according to novel research studies, these compounds have an enormous potential also as medicinally promising compounds for cancer treatment. The goal of this review is to provide a brief insight into the research topic of cardiac glycosides by describing their chemical structure, biosynthesis, the mechanism of action, anticancer potential alongside with the most significant clinical trials, as well as their other biological activities, such as the modulation of the immune system.
Prostate cancer is a very common disease, which is, unfortunately, often the cause of many male deaths. This is underlined by the fact that the early stages of prostate cancer are often asymptomatic. Therefore, the disease is usually detected and diagnosed at late advanced or even metastasized stages, which are already difficult to treat. Hence, it is important to pursue research and development not only in terms of novel diagnostic methods but also of therapeutic ones, as well as to increase the effectiveness of the treatment by combinational medicinal approach. Therefore, in this review article, we focus on recent approaches and novel potential tools for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer; these include not only androgen deprivation therapy, antiandrogen therapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, multimodal therapy, but also poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, Akt and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors.
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- antitumorózní látky hormonální chemie farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- fototerapie MeSH
- imunoterapie MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- kombinovaná terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory prostaty farmakoterapie imunologie terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Maintenance of Na+ and K+ gradients across the cell plasma membrane is an essential process for mammalian cell survival. An enzyme responsible for this process, sodium-potassium ATPase (NKA), has been currently extensively studied as a potential anticancer target, especially in lung cancer and glioblastoma. To date, many NKA inhibitors, mainly of natural origin from the family of cardiac steroids (CSs), have been reported and extensively studied. Interestingly, upon CS binding to NKA at nontoxic doses, the role of NKA as a receptor is activated and intracellular signaling is triggered, upon which cancer cell death occurs, which lies in the expression of different NKA isoforms than in healthy cells. Two major CSs, digoxin and digitoxin, originally used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, are also being tested for another indication-cancer. Such drug repositioning has a big advantage in smoother approval processes. Besides this, novel CS derivatives with improved performance are being developed and evaluated in combination therapy. This article deals with the NKA structure, mechanism of action, activity modulation, and its most important inhibitors, some of which could serve not only as a powerful tool to combat cancer, but also help to decipher the so-far poorly understood NKA regulation.
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- antitumorózní látky chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- digitoxin chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- digoxin chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- glioblastom farmakoterapie enzymologie patologie MeSH
- inhibitory enzymů chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- izoenzymy antagonisté a inhibitory chemie metabolismus MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- konformace proteinů MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární modely MeSH
- nádory mozku farmakoterapie enzymologie patologie MeSH
- nádory plic farmakoterapie enzymologie patologie MeSH
- ouabain chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- přehodnocení terapeutických indikací léčivého přípravku MeSH
- sodíko-draslíková ATPasa antagonisté a inhibitory chemie metabolismus MeSH
- vazba proteinů MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Agrimonia eupatoria L. is an herb of the Rosaceae family, widely used in traditional (folk) medicine for its beneficial effects. Its water extracts (infusions and decoctions) are used in the treatment of airway and urinary system diseases, digestive tract diseases, and chronic wounds. Phytochemical analyses of Agrimonia eupatoria L. identified a variety of bioactive compounds including tannins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoids and volatile oils possessing antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities. The authors review the available literature sources examining and discussing the therapeutic and pharmacological effects of Agrimonia eupatoria L. at the molecular level in vitro and in vivo.
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- Agrimonia * chemie MeSH
- antiinfekční látky izolace a purifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- antioxidancia izolace a purifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- fytonutrienty izolace a purifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- imunologické faktory izolace a purifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty izolace a purifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
