The objective of this paper was to determine the relationship between hand grip strength and movement time (locomotor efficiency in a seated position using the upper and lower extremities) in sitting volleyball players. In addition, a comparison was made between the velocity curves for forward and backward locomotion. Nine male members of the sitting volleyball team participated in the study. Hydraulic and spring manual dynamometers were used to measure hand grip strength. Movement times were registered for distances of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10-m with the use of the Smart Speed System photocells. Significant relationships between hand grip strength of the left (rs=-0.78) and right (rs=-0.73) hands and the forward movement time over a distance of 1-m were found. Hand grip strength had no significant relationship with either forward movement times at other distances or backward movement times. Results suggest that hand strength is linked to locomotor efficiency of sitting volleyball players. High hand grip strength makes the start easier by pushing away from the ground with the upper limbs.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Balance control is a critical task of daily life, the ability to maintain upright posture becomes of particular concern during aging when the sensory and motor system becomes deteriorated. Falls contribute to the most deaths caused by injury within the aged population, and the mortality rate following a fall is drastically elevated. Longitudinal and reliable assessment of balance control abilities is a critical point in the prediction of increased risk of falling in an elderly population. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of the Homebalance test in the identification of persons being at higher risk of falling. 135 subjects (82 women and 53 men) with geriatric syndrome have been recruited and the Homebalance and the Tinetti Balance test were performed. Results of both tests strongly correlated proving the good performance of the Homebalance test. Standing balance declines with increasing body mass index in both genders. Analysis of fluctuations of the center of pressure (COP) revealed higher frequency and magnitude in mediolateral direction COP movements when compared women to men. A strong negative correlation has been found between Tinetti static balance score and the total length of the COP trajectory during the examination on Homebalance (r = -0.6, p<0.001). Although both methods revealed good performance in detecting balance impairment, Homebalance test possesses higher precision due to the continuous nature of COP-derived parameters. In conclusion, our data proved that the Homebalance test is capable to identify persons with impaired balance control and thus are at higher risk of falling.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- posturální rovnováha * MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- úrazy pádem * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Introduction: Body balance control represents a key factor preventing falls and subsequent injuries in seniors aged 65+. Intervention based on yoga exercises seem to be effective in improving balance. Objective: The objective is to analyse and compare changes in static, dynamic, and total balance scores, changes in body composition and social indices as effects of yoga-based intervention. Methods: A total of 500 participants (234 men aged 74.5 SD±7.74 and 266 women aged 76.9 SD±7.23) were assessed using the Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool, the InBody 230 bioimpedance body composition analyser, and the SF-36 Health Survey, applied to pre and post-testing. The experimental group (n=262; 122 males; 140 females) underwent a four-week yoga-based intervention, 30 minutes daily, while the control group (n=238; 112 males; 126 females) underwent its usual daily programme at senior homes or centres. The ANOVA model, consisting of the Group, Stage, Subject and Group × Stage interaction factors, was used for data evaluation. Results: Intervention led to improvements in the static, dynamic and total balance scores in the experimental group compared to the control group. The results of SF-36 showed positive changes in the psychosocial aspects of health, such as promoting of calmness and happiness in male seniors and reducing fatigue, nervousness and depression in female seniors. The post-intervention decrease in body fat percentage and increase in muscle mass in seniors is discussed. Conclusions: The four-week yoga-based intervention had positive effects on the static, dynamic and total balance scores, body composition and social status.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Background: In contrast to strongly established views on the development of tonic, top-down controlled alertness, a small number of neurobehavioral and neurophysiological studies deal with the developmental trajectory of exogenously driven phasic alertness during childhood. Objective: The current study aimed to examine the age and sex effects on phasic alerting during late childhood, and to analyse the degree of association between tonic and phasic alertness at the behavioural level. Methods: Three age groups of typically developing children, aged 10, 11 and 12 years (N = 59, 27 boys, 32 girls) performed a computer-based simple hand-eye reaction test of alertness that involved 28 trials with and 28 trials without a warning signal. Results: The results showed a moderate decrease of mean reaction time in both the alert and non-alert conditions with age. However, the alert effect calculated as the difference in reaction times achieved in alert and non-alert conditions was not affected by age and sex. Conclusions: In contrast to previous suggestions on possible continuing improvement in phasic alertness during late childhood, the current study suggested that the neurocognitive function of transient enhancement in attentional alertness (phasic alertness) does not change and it is stabilized in this developmental period. In addition, this function does not differ between males and females in childhood.
Schopnost fyzické rovnováhy je považována za klíčový faktor při prevenci pádů a následných zranění starších osob. Pokud jde o rovnováhu v globálním pojetí života, vede hodnocení rovnováhy k funkční holistické definici fyzické rovnováhy. Cílem předložené studie je analyzovat determinanty tělesné, energetické a sociální rovnovážnosti u seniorů ve věku 65 let a starších. Výzkumného šetření se zúčastnilo 500 seniorů ve věku 65 let a starších, vybraných stratifikovaným randomizovaným výběrem ze všech regionů České republiky. v monitorovaném souboru seniorů bylo 234 mužů (věkový průměr: 74,5 SD ± 7,74) a 266 žen (věkový průměr: 76,9 SD ± 7,23). K diagnostice byly použity vybrané metody: „Lékařská anamnéza“, „Anamnestické sebeposouzení“, „Funkční antropologické vyšetření“, „Tinettiové balanční škála“, „Dotazník kvality života SF-36“. Pro statistické vyhodnocení byla zvolena vícerozměrná regrese s redukcí rozměrů, jako je metoda ortogonální projekce na latentní strukturu (OPLS). Jsou prezentovány korelační analýzy souhrnného skóre rovnováhy Tinetti a výsledky anamnestického sebeposouzení, antropometrických parametrů a psychosociálních ukazatelů ve vztahu k pohlaví. Diskutovány jsou položky SF-36, pozitivně nebo negativně korelované s výkonem fyzické rovnováhy seniorů. Byly analyzovány funkční antropologické prediktory signifikantní pro fyzickou rovnováhu. Užívání analgetik a psychiatrických léčiv má signifikantní negativní dopad na sociální rovnováhu i na skóre duševního zdraví. Také vysoké procento BMI a tělesného tuku negativně koreluje se sociální rovnováhou.
The ability of physical balance is considered as a key factor in preventing falls and subsequent injuries in the elderly. With regard to balance in the global concept of life, balance evaluation leads to an operational holistic definition of physical balance. The aim of the study is to analyze the predictive components and determinants of overall physical balance, including gait balance in seniors aged sixty five years and older in the context of energy and social balance aspects in seniors aged sixty five years and over. The survey included 500 seniors aged 65 years and older selected by stratified randomized sampling from all regions of the Czech Republic. In the monitored group of seniors there were 234 males (age mean: 74.5 SD ± 7.74) and 266 females (age mean: 76.9 SD ± 7.23). Selected methods of “Medical anamnesis”, “Anamnestic self-assessment”, “Functional anthropological examination”, “Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool”, Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used for diagnostics. Multivariate dimensional regression, such as the orthogonal latent structure projection (OPLS) method, was chosen for statistical evaluation. The correlation analyses of the Tineti summary balance score and the results of Anamnestic Self-assessment, anthropometric parameters and psychosocial indices in relation to gender are presented. SF-36 items, positively or negatively correlate with the physical balance performance of seniors, are discussed. Functional anthropological indicators significant to the balance ability were analyzed. Use of analgesics and psych pharmaceuticals, has a significant negative impact on both social balance and the mental health score. Also, high BMI and body fat percentage negatively correlate with social balance.
- MeSH
- diagnostické sebehodnocení MeSH
- korelace dat MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- posturální rovnováha * fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- psychosociální fungování MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost MeSH
- zdravé stárnutí fyziologie psychologie MeSH
- zdravý životní styl fyziologie klasifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Ageing is accompanied by deterioration in physical condition and a number of physiological processes and thus a higher risk of a range of diseases and disorders. In particular, we focused on the changes associated with aging, especially the role of small molecules, their role in physiological and pathophysiological processes and potential treatment options. Our previously published results and data from other authors lead to the conclusion that these unwanted changes are mainly linked to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis can be slowed down, stopped, or in some cases even reversed by an appropriate treatment, but especially by a life-management adjustment.
- MeSH
- hormony metabolismus MeSH
- knihovny malých molekul MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- receptory buněčného povrchu metabolismus MeSH
- stárnutí účinky léků metabolismus patologie MeSH
- systém hypofýza - nadledviny účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- systém hypotalamus-hypofýza účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
172 stran : ilustrace (převážně barevné) ; 21 cm
Publikace se zabývá vlivem wellness aktivit na zdraví. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.
- MeSH
- podpora zdraví MeSH
- pohybová aktivita MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studenti MeSH
- zdravý životní styl MeSH
- Check Tag
- senioři MeSH
- Konspekt
- Zdraví a hygiena volného času, rekreace a spánku
- NLK Obory
- preventivní medicína
- tělovýchovné lékařství
- NLK Publikační typ
- kolektivní monografie
- MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- posturální rovnováha * MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Cíle: V této studii jsou analyzovány ukazatele fyzické rovnováhy ve vztahu k ukazatelům kvality života seniorů. Cílem je analyzovat rovnováhu v holistickém epistemologickém pojetí, kdy fyzická nerovnováha ve stáří má vliv na nerovnováhu emocionální a sociální. Postup: Analyzovaná data byla získána od 500 náhodně vybraných seniorů vybraných ze všech krajů ČR. Senioři byli ve věku 65 let a více; 234 mužů (věkový průměr: 74,5 SD ± 7,74) a 266 žen (věkový průměr: 76,9 SD ± 7,23). Senioři se účastnili výzkumného šetření dobrovolně na základě předem uzavřeného informovaného souhlasu. Metody: Lékařská anamnéza; Funkční antropologické vyšetření; Tinetti balanční škála; Dotazník kvality života SF-36. Statistika: vícerozměrná regrese s redukcí rozměrnosti, metoda ortogonální projekce do latentní struktury. Výsledky: Byly nalezeny významné korelace mezi každou z 36 položek testu "SF-36" a úrovní testu statické rovnováhy dle Tinetti. Jsou diskutovány položky SF-36, které mají pozitivní nebo negativní vliv na fyzickou rovnováhu seniorů. Dále byly analyzovány antropologické a zdravotní faktory, které významně korelovaly s výsledky testu statické rovnováhy dle Tinetti. Závěr: Fyzická rovnováha u seniorů 65+ je velmi úzce a signifikantně spojena s položkami SF-36. Množství svalové hmoty a další analyzované zdravotní a antropometrické indikátory mají signifikantní vliv na výsledky testu statické rovnováhy dle Tinetti.
Objectives: In this study, physical balance indicators in relation to seniors' quality of life indicators are analysed. The objective is to analyse balance in the holistic epistemological concept, when physical imbalances have an impact on emotional and social imbalances in ageing. Procedure: Analysed data were collected from 500 randomly chosen seniors, selected from all regions of the Czech Republic. Seniors were in the age of 65 years old and over; there were 234 males (mean: 74.5 SD ± 7.74) and 266 females (mean: 76.9 SD ± 7.23). Seniors participated voluntarily on the base of the fulfilment of the informed consent. Methods: Medical Anamnesis; Functional anthropological examination; Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool; RAND 36 Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Statistics: multivariate regression with reduction of dimensionality, method of orthogonal projection to latent structure. Results: Significant correlations between each of the 36 items of the test "SF-36" and the level of the Tinetti balance test were found. SF-36 items are discussed, which have a positive or negative effect on the physical balance of seniors. In addition, anthropological and health factors were analysed, which were in significant correlation to the results of the Tinetti balance test. Conclusions: Physical balance in seniors 65+ is very closely and significantly related to the SF-36 items. Muscle mass, analysed health and anthropometric indicators have a significant impact on the results of the Tinetti balance test.
Spa treatment can effectively reestablish mood balance in patients with psychiatric disorders. In light of the adrenal gland's role as a crossroad of psychosomatic medicine, this study evaluated changes in 88 circulating steroids and their relationships with a consolidation of somatic, psychosomatic and psychiatric components from a modified N-5 neurotic questionnaire in 46 postmenopausal 50+ women with anxiety-depressive complaints. The patients underwent a standardized one-month intervention therapy with physical activity and an optimized daily regimen in a spa in the Czech Republic. All participants were on medication with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. An increase of adrenal steroidogenesis after intervention indicated a reinstatement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The increases of many of these steroids were likely beneficial to patients, including immunoprotective adrenal androgens and their metabolites, neuroactive steroids that stimulate mental activity but protect from excitotoxicity, steroids that suppress pain perception and fear, steroids that consolidate insulin secretion, and steroids that improve xenobiotic clearance. The positive associations between the initial values of neurotic symptoms and their declines after the intervention, as well as between initial adrenal activity and the decline of neurotic symptoms, indicate that neurotic impairment may be alleviated by such therapy provided that the initial adrenal activity is not seriously disrupted.
- MeSH
- afekt * MeSH
- cvičení * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nadledviny metabolismus MeSH
- postmenopauza * MeSH
- projektivní techniky MeSH
- psychoterapie * MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- steroidy biosyntéza MeSH
- určení symptomu MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
