• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Problems with parasitic infections are common in zoological gardens and circuses. In some animals it can lead to several disorders such as systemic disease, reproductive disorders (abortions and neonatal mortality), and even to death if severe illness is untreated. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of three common parasites in 74 animals from three zoos, and four circuses in Southern Italy. Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Encephalitozoon cuniculi were detected in 51%, 12%, and 20% of animals, respectively. Co-infections of T. gondii and N. caninum were reported in seven animals (9%) and co-infection of T. gondii and E. cuniculi in one animal. T. gondii, N. caninum and E. cuniculi seroprevalence differed in type of diet (P ≤ 0.0001; P ≤ 0.037 and P ≤ 0.004, respectively). T. gondii and E. cuniculi seroprevalence also differed in animal families (P ≤ 0.0001) and according to type of housing (P ≤ 0.003), respectively. Statistical differences were not found in other characteristics (gender, age, country of birth, origin, and contact with cats or dogs). This is the first serological study focusing on protozoan and microsporidian parasites in zoo and circus animals from Southern Italy and the first detection of antibodies to E. cuniculi in camels in Europe.

• MeSH
• Encephalitozoon cuniculi izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• encephalitozoonóza epidemiologie   parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• kokcidióza epidemiologie   parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• Neospora izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• savci * MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• Toxoplasma izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza zvířat epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata v ZOO MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Itálie MeSH

Generally, rodents and other small mammals are considered as one of the sources of Toxoplasma gondii or Neospora caninum infection for cats and dogs as the definitive hosts of these two parasites, respectively. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of these two parasites in wild small mammals from the Czech Republic and to characterize T. gondii isolates by methods of molecular biology. A total of 621 wild small mammals were caught in the Czech Republic during years 2002-2014. Antibodies to T. gondii were detected by latex agglutination test in six (2.5%) of 240 small mammals (in two A. agrarius and four A. flavicollis). Antibodies to N. caninum were detected by commercially available competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in one A. flavicolis (0.4%). Three of 427 (0.7%) liver samples were positive for T. gondii by PCR while negative for N. caninum. All embryo samples (n=102) were negative for both T. gondii and N. caninum. The three liver samples positive for T. gondii DNA (two from A. flavicollis and one from A. sylvaticus) were genotyped by 15 microsatellite markers and characterized as type II. To our knowledge, this is the first information about genetic characterization of T. gondii isolates in small mammals from Europe and the first detection of N. caninum antibodies in wild rodents from the Czech Republic.

• MeSH
• divoká zvířata MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• hlodavci * MeSH
• kokcidióza epidemiologie   parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• mikrosatelitní repetice MeSH
• Neospora genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• protozoální DNA izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• rejskovití * MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• Toxoplasma genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza zvířat epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

Hunting dogs have probably a higher level of exposure to Neospora caninum Dubey, Carpenter, Speer, Topper et Uggla, 1988 and Toxoplasma gondii Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908 than other canine populations for their different lifestyle. The aim of our survey was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii in hunting dogs from southern Italy and assess risk factors related to these protozoan infections. Blood samples were collected from 398 hunting dogs (19 different breeds, aged from 5 month to 14 years). The sera were screened by indirect fluorescence antibody test; a titre ≥ 50 was considered positive. Antibodies to N. caninum and T. gondii were detected in 59 (15%) dogs with titres from 50 to 3 200 and in 94 (24%) dogs with titres from 50 to 1 600, respectively, with co-infection in 25 (6%) dogs. Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.05) was found only for infection with T. gondii between two age groups: ≥ 2-4 years (16%) and ≥ 4-7 years (33%); other observed characteristics were without statistical significance. Our results suggest that the hunting dogs could play an important role in the transmission cycle of N. caninum between wild animals and livestock. This is the first detection of antibodies to T. gondii in hunting dogs in Italy.

• MeSH
• kokcidióza krev   epidemiologie   MeSH
• nemoci psů krev   epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• Neospora fyziologie   MeSH
• protilátky protozoální krev   MeSH
• psi MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• Toxoplasma fyziologie   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza zvířat krev   epidemiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• psi MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Itálie epidemiologie   MeSH

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: In Italy, rabbits are frequently reared for meat production. The aim of the study was to find the seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum parasites, and risk factors of infection in rabbit farms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood samples from 260 apparently healthy breeding rabbits were collected on 13 commercial farms in Northern Italy. Rabbits were divided into categories according to age, number of births, breed, province and size of farm. Samples were tested for antibodies to T. gondii and N. caninum using the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT); samples with a titre ≥ 50 were considered positive. RESULTS: Antibodies to T. gondii and N. caninum were found in 38 (14.6 %) and 3 (1.2 %) rabbits, respectively. A statistically significant difference (p-value ≤ 0.05) was found only in T. gondii prevalence among different rabbit breeds and provinces. CONCLUSION: Rabbits from Northern Italy are at risk of T. gondii and N. caninum infection; however, it is lower compared to seroprevalence noted in other animal species or in humans.

• MeSH
• kokcidióza epidemiologie   parazitologie   přenos   veterinární   MeSH
• králíci * MeSH
• maleimidy MeSH
• Neospora fyziologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• Toxoplasma fyziologie   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza zvířat epidemiologie   parazitologie   přenos   MeSH
• železnaté sloučeniny MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Itálie MeSH

The consumption of horse meat has been epidemiologically linked to clinical toxoplasmosis in humans and neosporosis that may cause clinical illness in horses. Here we determined seroprevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908 and species of Neospora Dubey, Carpenter, Speer, Topper et Uggla, 1988 in horses from Italy. Blood samples were collected from 643 apparently healthy horses from 60 farms of 51 municipalities in southern Italy. The presence of antibodies against T. gondii and Neospora spp. were detected by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT); a titre ≥ 50 was considered positive. The same sera were also tested for antibodies against Neospora spp. by a competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA); samples with ≥ 30% inhibition were considered positive. Antibodies against T. gondii and Neospora spp. were detected in 19 (3.0%) and 15 (2.3%) horses by IFAT, respectively, without statistical difference between gender, age and breeds (p-value ≥ 0.05). Antibodies against species of Neospora were detected in 70 (10.9%) horses by cELISA with statistical difference in gender (6.0-18.5%, p-value ≥ 0.05) and breeds (0-19.4%, p-value ≥ 0.05). Although T. gondii infection rates were low, the risk of human infection should not be dismissed, particularly in Italy where consumption of raw or undercooked horse meat has a long tradition.

• Klíčová slova
• neosporóza,
• MeSH
• červené maso parazitologie   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• fluorescenční protilátková technika nepřímá MeSH
• koně parazitologie   MeSH
• Neospora imunologie   patogenita   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci u zvířat etiologie   imunologie   přenos   MeSH
• protilátky protozoální krev   MeSH
• protozoální infekce zvířat etiologie   imunologie   přenos   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie * MeSH
• sérologické testy metody   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• Toxoplasma imunologie   patogenita   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza etiologie   imunologie   MeSH
• venae jugulares MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Itálie MeSH

Sera of 414 cats coming from different parts of the Czech Republic were tested for N. caninum antibodies. Sera samples were collected during years 2002-2011. N. caninum antibodies were detected by a commercial competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) with cut off ≥30% inhibition. Samples positive in cELISA were confirmed by an indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT); titre ≥50 was considered positive. In total, 137 (33%) cats reacted positively in cELISA; N. caninum antibodies in IFAT were detected in 16 (3.86%) cats with titres 50 and 100. In 6 cats, positive for N. caninum antibodies, T. gondii antibodies were also detected by IFAT. It is the first report of N. caninum antibodies in domestic cats from the Czech Republic and third report in Europe.

• MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• fluorescenční protilátková technika nepřímá MeSH
• kočky MeSH
• kokcidióza epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   veterinární   MeSH
• nemoci koček epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Neospora imunologie   MeSH
• protilátky fungální krev   MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• kočky MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Toxoplasmosis, an important zoonosis, can be transmitted by eating meat or drinking milk of animals infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Samples were collected from 238 donkeys in the year 2010 in Italy, which included 207 females and 31 males of five breeds and crossbreeds with the average age 9 years (1 month-24 years). Sera were tested for T. gondii antibodies using a latex agglutination test and the indirect fluorescent antibody test; 5 and 8% seropositivity were recorded, respectively. We found significant correlation between the presence of T. gondii antibodies and sex, age, grazing and presence of cats on the farms and their access to donkey feed. This is the first detection of T. gondii antibodies in donkeys in Italy.

• MeSH
• Equidae * MeSH
• fluorescenční protilátková technika nepřímá veterinární   MeSH
• kočky MeSH
• latex fixační testy veterinární   MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• Toxoplasma * MeSH
• toxoplazmóza zvířat epidemiologie   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• kočky MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Itálie MeSH

In some European countries there is an increasing interest on donkey. Despite there are few data regarding the donkey's parasitic diseases especially those with a protozoal etiology as neosporosis. Samples used in the study were collected from 238 domestic donkeys during year 2010 in Southern Italy from 207 females and 31 males of five breeds (Martina-Franca, Amiata, Sicilian-Grey, Ragusano, Sardinian) and crossbreeds with the average age 9 years (1 month - 24 year). Sera were tested by a competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against Neospora caninum; the sera were marked positive, if more than 30% inhibition was found. Out of a total 238 donkeys, 28 (11.8%) were found positive for Neospora antibodies with 12% in females and 6% in males. Different seroprevalence 15.4%, 16%, 12% and 8.8% were found in age categories <1 year, 1-4 years, 5-9 years and ≥10 years, respectively. The seroprevalence ranged in different breeds from 36% (Sicilian-Grey) to 0% (Sardinian) and in different use from 17% (for breeding) to 0% (for meat production). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated evidence of a significant (P<0.05) association between crossbreed origin of samples and risk of protozoan infection; age of donkeys was also significant risk factor for protozoan infection. No statistical significant difference (P>0.05) was found among genders and use of donkeys and risk of N. caninum infection. This is the first serological survey for Neospora spp. performed in donkeys.

• MeSH
• Equidae * MeSH
• kokcidióza epidemiologie   veterinární   MeSH
• Neospora izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• stárnutí MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Itálie MeSH