The article focuses on the evaluation of therapeutic and therapeutic-formative approaches from the perspective of patients in the psychiatric departments (of the Military Hospital Olomouc and the Psychiatric Hospital Kroměříž). The research examines the effectiveness and emotional dimension of these approaches in the treatment process, specifically among patients with substance addiction (drug, alcohol, or combined). The study aims to understand how patients subjectively evaluate selected therapeutic interventions, including drama therapy, medication, psychotherapy group, self-directed therapeutic community, and daily regimen. The primary objective of the research is to assess the significance and effectiveness of drama therapy intervention in comparison to selected therapeutic interventions and modalities. To achieve this, the semantic differential method was employed as the key data collection tool. Data analysis and evaluation of results were conducted using statistical analysis (ANOVA)
První vydání 181 stran : ilustrace ; 20 cm
Publikace se zaměřuje na management diabetu mellitus u dětí. Určeno široké veřejnosti; dětem a rodičům.; Postihuje především děti a dospívající, jejichž počet každoročně roste. Pokud onemocnění postihne malé děti, jejich svět se zastaví. Dítě se cítí zrazeno nemocí, které nerozumí. Má strach. Neví, co bude, bojí se, že je to trest za něco, co udělalo špatně. Postihne-li onemocnění starší děti, především pubertální, revoltují proti nemoci, která jim bere vysněnou svobodu. Děti s cukrovkou dostanou na krk pomyslný klíč – inzulin, kterým je (eufemisticky) učíme odemykat buňky. I když se zlepšila diagnostika nemoci, máme nové druhy inzulinů, nové aplikační technologie včetně inzulinových pump a kontinuální senzory k měření glykemií, přesto to nestačí. Je potřeba vrátit dětem jejich naději a víru, že jejich dětský svět bude stejný jako dřív. K tomu potřebují pomoc především osob, které o ně pečují – rodičů, prarodičů, sourozenců, kamarádů, učitelů a prakticky celé společnosti. Jen tak lze dětem zajistit šťastné dětství a velmi dobrou metabolickou kontrolu, která jim umožní vstoupit do světa dospělých bez diabetických komplikací. Znalosti a dovednosti ne jednoduché léčby diabetu jsou základním pilířem úspěšného ovládání nemoci. A jako když otevřete čítanku a učíte dítě poznávat písmena, slabiky a slova, stejně tak se budeme společně učit základům diabetologie. Malým dětem pomohou pohádky, těm starším zvýší svobodu a možnost volby nové znalosti, především technologické.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus * MeSH
- diabetická dieta MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- inzulin MeSH
- regulace glykemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- populární práce MeSH
- Konspekt
- Pediatrie
- NLK Obory
- diabetologie
- pediatrie
- zdravotní výchova
- NLK Publikační typ
- literatura pro děti a mládež
Hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) is a well-established analytical technique that enables monitoring of protein dynamics and interactions by probing the isotope exchange of backbone amides. It has virtually no limitations in terms of protein size, flexibility, or reaction conditions and can thus be performed in solution at different pH values and temperatures under controlled redox conditions. Thanks to its coupling with mass spectrometry (MS), it is also straightforward to perform and has relatively high throughput, making it an excellent complement to the high-resolution methods of structural biology. Given the recent expansion of artificial intelligence-aided protein structure modeling, there is considerable demand for techniques allowing fast and unambiguous validation of in silico predictions; HDX-MS is well-placed to meet this demand. Here we present a protocol for HDX-MS and illustrate its use in characterizing the dynamics and structural changes of a dimeric heme-containing oxygen sensor protein as it responds to changes in its coordination and redox state. This allowed us to propose a mechanism by which the signal (oxygen binding to the heme iron in the sensing domain) is transduced to the protein's functional domain.
The nonradioactive method, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in the presence of Phos-tag (Phos-tag electrophoresis), is used to evaluate a kinase autophosphorylation and/or phosphotransfer reaction from a kinase/ATP to its protein substrate. This method outperforms radioisotope methods using [32P]ATP for detecting trace amounts of phosphorylated protein in fresh protein preparations. Phos-tag electrophoresis has been used to perform detailed analyses of the kinase activity of a heme-based oxygen sensor-specifically, a globin-coupled histidine kinase from the soil bacterium Anaeromyxobacter sp. Fw109-5 (AfGcHK).
PURPOSE: The threat of serious radiation exposures to members of the public from radiological incidents and nuclear events has led to intensive study of a number of emergency dosimetry techniques for purposes of triage. As such, a national laboratory of retrospective dosimetry was established in our institute. The purpose of this work is to provide a summary of the well-established and already implemented retrospective physical dosimetry techniques based on thermoluminescence (TL), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and neutron activation including their specifics. Moreover, we present some new results of the experimental work, in which we compared dosimetry potential of various dental repair materials and human teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: At first, an overview of already established retrospective physical retrospective methods including their main features was compiled. As regards recent research, an experimental comparative study was performed under defined conditions. The materials used were aliquots prepared from both pure and repaired teeth and aliquots of unused dental ceramics of known type. Following irradiation, we compared TL and OSL curves of the materials. We also compared dosimetry characteristics of OSL signal as reproducibility, dose dependence and fading. RESULTS: After irradiation, the teeth aliquots of dental enamel and dentin exhibited very low OSL and TL signals compared with aliquots containing some dental repair materials or aliquots of pure dental ceramics. With a few exceptions, the OSL signal of dental enamel and dentin aliquots irradiated to 2 Gy was hardly distinguishable from OSL signal corresponding to unirradiated aliquots. In contrast, aliquots of teeth containing some dental repair material and aliquots of pure dental ceramics provided a well reproducible OSL signal exhibiting linear dose response. All the materials tested exhibited a significant fading of the OSL signal. The loss of OSL signal during the first 24 hours after irradiation was from 20 to 99% of its original value obtained immediately after the irradiation. CONCLUSIONS: The already established physical methods of retrospective dosimetry use a spectrum of verified materials and techniques for dose assessment in the aftermath of serious radiological incidents and nuclear events. In the comparative study, we found that the dosimetry potential of teeth in natural state is much worse compared to teeth repaired with dental ceramics or dental cement fillings. Teeth restored with dental repair materials exhibited relatively favorable dosimetry characteristics. However, they can be usable for a dose reconstruction only on condition that the main practical problems connected with fading and optical bleaching were solved.
- MeSH
- dávka záření MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- luminiscence * MeSH
- radiometrie * metody MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- termoluminiscenční dozimetrie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- dospělí psychologie MeSH
- duševně nemocní psychologie MeSH
- důvěra psychologie MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků péče pacientem MeSH
- hospitalizovaní pacienti psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurotické poruchy * psychologie rehabilitace MeSH
- psychiatrická rehabilitace metody MeSH
- psychodrama metody MeSH
- psychoterapeutické procesy MeSH
- psychoterapie krátká MeSH
- skupinová psychoterapie MeSH
- spokojenost pacientů MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
The is contribution deals with diff erences and similarities in perceiving drama-therapy in patients with neurotic disorder in the context of psychiatric treatment. The first goal ascertains if there are diff erences in assessment of dramatherapy according to the membership of dynamic or cognitive-behavioural group. The second goal ascertains diff erences during the fi rst therapeutic session. Th e research assemblage was created by 57 patients from dynamic and cognitive-behavioural (KBT) groups from two mental hospitals in the Czech Republic. Data were gained by two-factor semantic diff erential and they were statistically assessed by a t-test (and further amended by qualitative group interviews). Conclusions have shown that the membership of patients of dynamic or KBT group has not an impact on their assessment of dramatherapeutic process.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- faktorová analýza statistická MeSH
- kognitivně behaviorální terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurotické poruchy * klasifikace terapie MeSH
- percepce MeSH
- psychodrama * dějiny klasifikace metody MeSH
- rozhovory jako téma MeSH
- sémantický diferenciál MeSH
- skupinová psychoterapie dějiny klasifikace metody MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- ústavy pro duševně nemocné MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
The research focuses on the description of humour and its eff ect on drama-therapy intervention in people with addiction. In a short research, we used the so-called “sculpture” as one of the sources for obtaining data, where clients depicted selected thematic areas using their own bodies and subsequently verbally described their meaning. Another method used was a questionnaire survey with open questions, when clients answered thematic areas that arose from sculpture and last but not least it was fi eld observation of dramatherapists. This compares body-based data and subsequently ver-balises the attitudes and ideas of clients in conjunction with dramatherapist observa-tions. Dramatherapy as a discipline uses for its work means such as play, role play, improvisation and more. These means, and especially improvisation, off er a number of situations and stimuli where humour is revealed and applied. Th e topic of humour arises in almost every dramatherapy intervention and works in diff erent dimensions to the process. As it turns out, humour works on multiple levels, for example as an encouraging humour that helps build a therapeutic relationship, but also on opposite levels, serving as an escape from the topic the client is currently working on. It was the exploration of these levels of humour in dramatherapy intervention that was a central theme of the research study.
- MeSH
- analýza dat MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek * psychologie terapie MeSH
- postoj MeSH
- pozorování MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- psychodrama metody MeSH
- psychoterapeuti MeSH
- terapie smíchem metody MeSH
- ústavy pro duševně nemocné MeSH
- vtip a humor jako téma * psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Symbiotic bacteria affect competence for pathogen transmission in insect vectors, including mosquitoes. However, knowledge on mosquito-microbiome-pathogen interactions remains limited, largely due to methodological reasons. The current, cost-effective practice of sample pooling used in mosquito surveillance and epidemiology prevents correlation of individual traits (i.e., microbiome profile) and infection status. Moreover, many mosquito studies employ laboratory-reared colonies that do not necessarily reflect the natural microbiome composition and variation in wild populations. As a consequence, epidemiological and microbiome studies in mosquitoes are to some extent uncoupled, and the interactions among pathogens, microbiomes, and natural mosquito populations remain poorly understood. This study focuses on the effect the pooling practice poses on mosquito microbiome profiles, and tests different approaches to find an optimized low-cost methodology for extensive sampling while allowing for accurate, individual-level microbiome studies. We tested the effect of pooling by comparing wild-caught, individually processed mosquitoes with pooled samples. With individual mosquitoes, we also tested two methodological aspects that directly affect the cost and feasibility of broad-scale molecular studies: sample preservation and tissue dissection. Pooling affected both alpha- and beta-diversity measures of the microbiome, highlighting the importance of using individual samples when possible. Both RNA and DNA yields were higher when using inexpensive reagents such as NAP (nucleic acid preservation) buffer or absolute ethanol, without freezing for short-term storage. Microbiome alpha- and beta-diversity did not show overall significant differences between the tested treatments compared to the controls (freshly extracted samples or dissected guts). However, the use of standardized protocols is highly recommended to avoid methodological bias in the data.
- MeSH
- Aedes mikrobiologie MeSH
- Bacteria klasifikace genetika MeSH
- Culex mikrobiologie MeSH
- komáří přenašeči mikrobiologie MeSH
- mikrobiologické techniky MeSH
- mikrobiota * MeSH
- ochrana biologická MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
