A phytochemical study of the root and bark of Brucea antidysenterica J. F. Mill. (Simaroubaceae) afforded three new compounds, including a stilbene glycoside bruceanoside A (1), and two canthinone alkaloids bruceacanthinones A (3) and B (4), along with ten known secondary metabolites, rhaponticin (2), 1,11-dimethoxycanthin-6-one (5), canthin-6-one (6), 1-methoxycanthin-6-one (7), 2-methoxycanthin-6-one (8), 2-hydroxy-1,11-dimethoxycanthin-6-one (9), β-carboline-1-propionic acid (10), cleomiscosin C (11), cleomiscosin A (12), and hydnocarpin (13). The structures of all the compounds were determined using spectrometric and spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, and HRSEIMS. The identities of the known compounds were further confirmed by comparison of their data with those reported in the literature. The root and bark methanolic extracts, the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate soluble fractions, and the isolated compounds (3-13), were assessed for their cytotoxicity against the cancer cell lines A-549, MCF-7, and PC-3. The results suggested that compounds in the extracts might possess a synergic action in their cytotoxicity.
- MeSH
- Alkaloids chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Brucea chemistry MeSH
- A549 Cells MeSH
- PC-3 Cells MeSH
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- MCF-7 Cells MeSH
- Molecular Structure MeSH
- Cell Proliferation drug effects MeSH
- Plant Extracts chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Secondary Metabolism MeSH
- Stilbenes chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Drug Synergism MeSH
- Cell Survival drug effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Sponge-type nanocarriers (spongosomes) are produced upon dispersion of a liquid crystalline sponge phase formed by self-assembly of an amphiphilic lipid in excess aqueous phase. The inner organization of the spongosomes is built-up by randomly ordered bicontinuous lipid membranes and their surfaces are stabilized by alginate chains providing stealth properties and colloidal stability. The present study elaborates spongosomes for improved encapsulation of Brucea javanica oil (BJO), a traditional Chinese medicine that may strongly inhibit proliferation and metastasis of various cancers. The inner structural organization and the morphology characteristics of BJO-loaded nanocarriers at varying quantities of BJO were determined by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Additionally, the drug loading and drug release profiles for BJO-loaded spongosome systems also were determined. We found that the sponge-type liquid crystalline lipid membrane organization provides encapsulation efficiency rate of BJO as high as 90%. In vitro cytotoxicity and apoptosis study of BJO spongosome nanoparticles with A549 cells demonstrated enhanced anti-tumor efficiency. These results suggest potential clinical applications of the obtained safe spongosome formulations.
- MeSH
- Apoptosis drug effects MeSH
- Brucea chemistry MeSH
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic administration & dosage chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Cell Line, Tumor MeSH
- Nanoparticles chemistry MeSH
- Drug Carriers chemical synthesis chemistry MeSH
- Oils administration & dosage chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Surface Properties MeSH
- Cell Proliferation drug effects MeSH
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor MeSH
- Particle Size MeSH
- Cell Survival drug effects MeSH
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MeSH
- Structure-Activity Relationship MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- MeSH
- Phytotherapy methods MeSH
- HIV Infections * etiology immunology therapy MeSH
- Lamiaceae MeSH
- HIV Fusion Inhibitors * MeSH
- HIV Integrase Inhibitors * MeSH
- HIV Protease Inhibitors * MeSH
- Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic MeSH
- Lentivirus pathogenicity growth & development MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Retroviridae Infections MeSH
- Plant Extracts MeSH
- Simaroubaceae MeSH
- Virion immunology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- MeSH
- Brucea drug effects MeSH
- Homeopathy MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Bile Duct Diseases drug therapy MeSH
- Grief MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
