Fytoterapie má nezastupitelnou roli v léčbě diabetes mellitus (DM) především pro svůj adjuvantní účinek, který může vést ke snížení spotřeby klasických farmak a oddálit nástup pozdních komplikací diabetu. Na trhu je dostupné velké množství fytoterapeutik, která jsou registrována jako léčiva nebo potravní doplňky. Cílem této práce je představit přehled vybraných rostlinných drog s prokázaným podpůrným terapeutickým účinkem se zaměřením na preklinické i klinické studie.
Phytotherapy has an irreplaceable role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), mainly because of its adjuvant effect, which can lead to a decrease in the consumption of classic drugs and delay the onset of late complications of diabetes. A large number of phytotherapeutics are available on the market and they are registered as pharmaceuticals or food supplements. The aim of this work is to present an overview of selected herbal drugs with proven supportive therapeutic effect, focusing on preclinical and clinical studies.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus * farmakoterapie MeSH
- fazol imunologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- fytoterapie * metody trendy MeSH
- hypoglykemika * farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- kořeny rostlin metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- léčivé rostliny metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty terapeutické užití MeSH
- šalvěj lékařská imunologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- Trigonella imunologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- Urtica dioica imunologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- Vaccinium myrtillus imunologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- ženšen imunologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
A fully automated atmospheric pressure ionization platform has been built and coupled with a commercial high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FTICR-MS) instrument. The outstanding performance of this instrument allowed screening on the basis of exact masses in imaging mode. The main novel aspect was in the integration of the atmospheric pressure ionization imaging into the current software for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging, which allows the user of this commercial dual-source mass spectrometer to perform MALDI-MS and different ambient MS imaging from the same user interface and to utilize the same software tools. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization (DAPPI) were chosen to test the ambient surface imaging capabilities of this new ionization platform. Results of DESI imaging experiments performed on brain tissue sections are in agreement with previous MS imaging reports obtained by DESI imaging, but due to the high resolution and mass accuracy of the FTICR instrument it was possible to resolve several ions at the same nominal mass in the DESI-MS spectra of brain tissue. These isobaric interferences at low resolution are due to the overlap of ions from different lipid classes with different biological relevance. It was demonstrated that with the use of high-resolution MS fast imaging screening of lipids can be achieved without any preseparation steps. DAPPI, which is a relatively new and less developed ambient ionization technique compared to DESI, was used in imaging mode for the first time ever. It showed promise in imaging of phytocompounds from plant leaves, and selective ionization of a sterol lipid was achieved by DAPPI from a brain tissue sample.
- MeSH
- atmosférický tlak MeSH
- automatizace MeSH
- cyklotrony MeSH
- Fourierova analýza MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- listy rostlin metabolismus MeSH
- molekulární zobrazování metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- mozek metabolismus MeSH
- myši MeSH
- povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
- šalvěj lékařská metabolismus MeSH
- systémová integrace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Plant essential oils (EOs) have been reported to have health benefit properties and their preventive and therapeutic use in animals is expected to increase in the future. We evaluated the influence of five essential oils obtained from plant species which are known to have positive antimicrobial, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects – sage EO from Salvia officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), oregano EO from Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae), thyme EO from Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae), clove EO from Syzygium aromaticum L. (Myrtaceae) and cinnamon EO from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae) on the growth and development of mouse preimplantation embryos in vivo. Essential oils were added to commercial diet at concentrations of 0.25 % for sage EO, thyme EO, clove EO, cinnamon EO and 0.1 % for oregano EO, and fed to ICR female mice for 2 weeks ad libitum. Females were then mated with males of the same strain. Embryos obtained on Day 4 of pregnancy at the blastocyst stage were stained by morphological triple staining (Hoechst, PI, Calcein-AM) and evaluated using fluorescent microscopy. The effects of essential oils were estimated by the viability of embryos, number of nuclei and distribution of embryos according to nucleus number. Cinnamon EO significantly decreased the number of nuclei and the distribution of embryos according to nucleus number was significantly altered. Sage EO negatively influenced the distribution of embryos according to nucleus number. Clove and oregano EOs induced a significantly increased rate of cell death. Only thyme EO had no detectable effects on embryo development. In conclusion, none of the essential oils had any positive effect on embryo development, but some of them reduced the number of cells and increased the incidence of cell death.
- MeSH
- apoptóza genetika MeSH
- dobromysl (rod) metabolismus MeSH
- financování vládou MeSH
- implantace embrya fyziologie MeSH
- myši inbrední ICR růst a vývoj MeSH
- oleje rostlin metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- šalvěj lékařská metabolismus MeSH
- skořicovník ceylonský metabolismus MeSH
- Syzygium metabolismus MeSH
- Thymus (rostlina) metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
