A novel method was developed for a parallel, rapid and precise tracking of dopamine and its metabolites (homovanillic acid, 3-methoxytyramine and 3,4-di¬hydroxyphenylacetic acid) in the brain. The method consists of a sample collection using microdialysis from specific brain region, a lyophilization step to concentrate analytes from the microdialysates, and a quantification step exploiting high performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). This was employed in an experimental study investigating the effect of a prenatal exposure to methamphetamine on development of mesolimbic dopaminergic system. It was determined that abusing methamphetamine during pregnancy induces permanent changes in the nucleus accumbens of adult rats. Namely, the basal levels of dopamine and its metabolites are higher and a response to acute dose of methamphetamine is stronger in prenatally exposed rats compared to control rats. Furthermore, the developed methodology can be optimized for use in different brain regions and for analysis of diverse chemical substances. This highly applicable technique could thus be a source of valuable information about brain physiology as well as pathophysiology on the molecular level.
- MeSH
- Dopamine * analysis MeSH
- Mass Spectrometry utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Methamphetamine analysis MeSH
- Microdialysis utilization MeSH
- Disease Models, Animal MeSH
- Amphetamine-Related Disorders * metabolism physiopathology MeSH
- Opioid-Related Disorders metabolism physiopathology MeSH
- Rats, Wistar MeSH
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid utilization MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
Metamfetamin (MA) je běžně zneužívaným psychostimulantem vyvolávajícím závislost. Tato závislost vykazuje pohlavní rozdíly, a to jak na úrovni chování, tak na úrovni biochemie. MA významně ovlivňuje dopaminergní neurotransmisi, způsobuje uvolnění monou, e y 1 opaminu, mění aktivitu dopaminového transportéru a vyvolává změnu v distribuci vezikulárního monoaminergního transportéru 2. Výsledkem těchto změn je ovlivnění dopaminergních neuronů. Na biochemické úrovni byly popsány pohlavní rozdíly dopaminergní neurotoxicity vyvolané MA jak u lidí, tak v animálních studiích. Opakovaně popsaným fenoménem je zvýšená toxicita MA u mužského pohlaví oproti ženskému, avšak výraznější míra závislosti na MA vzniká naopak u žen.
Methamphetamine (MA) is a commonly abused psychostimulant with potent addictive properties. This addiction has shown sex dif- ferences in behavior as well as in biochemical markers. MA significantly affects dopaminergic neurotransmission, causes monoami ne release namely dopamine, changes activity of dopamine transporter and causes distribution changes of vesicular monoamine transp orter 2. These changes result in alteration of dopaminergic neurons. On biochemical level sex differences in dopaminergic neurotr ansmission caused by MA both in human and in animal studies have been shown. Repeatedly described phenomenon is the increased to- xicity of MA in males than in females, but females appear more dependent on MA.
- Keywords
- dopaminergní systém,
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Methamphetamine * administration & dosage pharmacology metabolism MeSH
- Synaptic Transmission drug effects MeSH
- Amphetamine-Related Disorders diagnosis metabolism MeSH
- Receptors, Dopamine * drug effects MeSH
- Sex Factors MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
Ten patients previously taking pervitine (for 8.8 years on average) showed a decrease in the body mass index, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol concentrations and an increase in bone alkaline phosphatase; the other examined parameters remained unchanged. The bone mineral density showed low and very low values in five and four patients, respectively, related to the Z-score according to NHANNES III tables in a U.S. reference study. There are several reasons, other than the pervitine intake, why the patients could have low bone mineral density and calcium-phosphorus metabolism disorders: low calcium and vitamin D intake, lack of body exercise, nicotine and alcohol abuse.
- Keywords
- Pervitin,
- MeSH
- Densitometry methods MeSH
- Bone and Bones metabolism MeSH
- Bone Density drug effects MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Osteoporosis chemically induced blood MeSH
- Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders chemically induced MeSH
- Calcium Metabolism Disorders chemically induced MeSH
- Amphetamine-Related Disorders metabolism MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
