The aim of this study was to compare selected ankle and knee kinematic and kinetic parameters before and a fter a prolonged exhaustive treadmill run between two groups of non-rearfoot footstrike pattern (NRFP) runners with different training volumes. Twenty-eight habitual NRFP runners were assigned to two groups based on their weekly training volume (Highly-trained (HT)/Moderately-trained (MT)). Participants underwent the VO2max test, and the exhaustive treadmill ran with biomechanical analysis at the beginning and the end. The two-way RMANOVA was used to assess differences between the groups and the phase of the run. A paired t-test was used for post-hoc analysis in case of significant interaction effect. Kinetic results showed significant group effect for ankle plantarflexion moment and hip external rotation moment (end-phase: both greater in MT group). Kinematic results showed significant group×phase interaction for ankle dorsiflexion angle (end-phase: greater in MT group) at initial contact (IC), peak knee flexion angle (end-phase: greater in MT group), and peak ankle eversion angle during the stance phase (end-phase: greater in HT group). Additionally, a group effect was found for knee flexion angle at IC (end-phase: greater in HT group). This study suggests that HT healthy NRFP runners may have less potential for increased biomechanical risk of AT overload during an exhaustive run.

• MeSH
• běh * fyziologie   MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hlezenní kloub * fyziologie   MeSH
• kinetika MeSH
• kolenní kloub * fyziologie   MeSH
• koleno * fyziologie   MeSH
• kondiční příprava * metody   MeSH
• kotník * fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
• zátěžový test MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This study was aimed to analyse the lower limb kinematics during the change of direction (COD) performance with the dominant (DL) and non-dominant (NDL) leg using linear (traditional kinematics) and nonlinear (Self Organising Map-based cluster analysis) approaches. Three 5-0-5 COD performances with the DL and three with the NDL were performed by 23 (aged 21.6 ± 2.3 years) collegiate athletes. No significant difference was observed between the COD duration, and approach speed of DL and NDL. Significantly greater ankle abductions, knee and hip external rotations were identified in COD with DL, compared to NDL (p < .001, d > 0.8). Self Organising Maps portrayed a completely different coordination pattern profile during change of direction performance with the DL and NDL. The cluster analysis illustrated similar inter-individual coordination patterning when participants turned with their DL or NDL. No visible relationship was observed in the cluster analysis of the lower limb joint angles and angular velocities. Outcomes of this study portrayed that coordination patterning (combination of joint angles and the rate of change of angles) could portray the movement patterning differences in different tasks, while a sole investigation on the joint angles or angular velocities may not reveal the underlying mechanisms of movement patterning.

• MeSH
• bérec * fyziologie   MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• dolní končetina * fyziologie   MeSH
• funkční lateralita * fyziologie   MeSH
• kotník fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• motorické dovednosti * fyziologie   MeSH
• nelineární dynamika MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• shluková analýza MeSH
• sportovní výkon * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

During vertical jump evaluations in which jump height is estimated from flight time (FT), the jumper must maintain the same body posture between vertical takeoff and landing. As maintaining identical posture is rare during takeoff and landing between different jump attempts and in different individuals, we simulated the effect of changes in ankle position from takeoff to landing in vertical jumping to determine the range of errors that might occur in real-life scenarios. Our simulations account for changes in center of mass position during takeoff and landing, changes in ankle position, different subject statures (1.44-1.98 m), and poor to above-average jump heights. Our results show that using FT to estimate jump height without controlling for ankle position (allowing dorsiflexion) during the landing phase of the vertical jump can overestimate jump height by 18% in individuals of average stature and performing an average 30 cm jump or may overestimate by ≤60% for tall individuals performing a poor 10 cm jump, which is common for individuals jumping with added load. Nevertheless, as assessing jump heights based on FT is common practice, we offer a correction equation that can be used to reduce error, improving jump height measurement validity using the FT method allowing between-subject fair comparisons.

• MeSH
• biomechanika fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hlezenní kloub fyziologie   MeSH
• kotník fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• počítačová simulace MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• postura těla * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• dolní končetina fyziologie   MeSH
• hlezenní kloub fyziologie   MeSH
• klouby fyziologie   MeSH
• koleno fyziologie   MeSH
• kotník fyziologie   MeSH
• kyčel fyziologie   MeSH
• muskuloskeletální systém - fyziologické jevy MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) fyziologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• atlasy MeSH
• učebnice MeSH

• Konspekt
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NLK Obory
• fyziologie

Previous studies reported a significant association between postural control and lower-limb strength of several muscle groups, however, they were focused especially on knee muscles and ankle plantar and dorsal flexors. The aim of the present study is to examine the correlation between the muscle strength of ankle invertors, evertors, plantar flexors, and dorsal flexors and the control of bipedal stance in young and older adults. Thirty one young (aged 22.8 ± 2.6 years) and thirty one older adults (aged 70.5 ± 7.2 years) voluntarily participated in this study. Ankle muscle strength was evaluated by an isokinetic dynamometer. Normalized peak torque and work were averaged for four repetitions and for both lower limbs. The control of bipedal stance was evaluated by the sample entropy derived from an accelerometer placed on the lumbar spine while the subject stood on a foam pad with eyes open. Results showed significant age-related differences in ankle muscle strength and sample entropy in medial-lateral direction. More interestingly, the correlation between ankle muscle strength and the sample entropy was significantly different between young and older adults. Indeed, no significant correlation was observed in the younger adults. Conversely, in the older adults, the work of the ankle evertors positively correlated with sample entropy in the medial-lateral direction during bipedal stance (r = 0.36), whereas the peak torque and work of the dorsal flexors were significantly correlated with sample entropy in the anterior-posterior direction during bipedal stance (r = 0.44 for both variables). In the young adults, results suggest that, standing on foam with eyes open is a relatively easy postural task that does not require the full ankle muscle strength capacity. Taken together, the present findings suggest that older adults have a different association between ankle muscle strength and the sample entropy during bipedal stance.

• MeSH
• kotník fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• postura těla MeSH
• posturální rovnováha MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stárnutí * MeSH
• svalová síla * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

For quantifying muscle strength in clinical and research practice, establishing the reliability of measurements, specifically to the procedures used, is essential for credible findings. The objective was to establish the reliability of isokinetic measurement of ankle plantar and dorsal flexors (PF/DF) and invertors and evertors (INV/EV) on an IsoMed 2000 dynamometer. Twenty healthy subjects (10 males, 10 females, mean age: 23.1 ± 3.1 years) completed an isokinetic measurement session. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurement were assessed for peak torque and work of ankle PF/DF (concentric and eccentric) and INV/EV (concentric) for the preferred and nonpreferred limb. Standardized isokinetic measurements of reciprocal PF/DF and INV/EV muscle actions were associated with ICC ranging from 0.77 to 0.98 for the majority of observed parameters. The exception was work in the eccentric mode in the ankle DF and peak torque in the concentric mode in the ankle INV on the preferred limb, where ICC ranged from 0.64 to 0.71. The IsoMed 2000 isokinetic dynamometer can be reliably employed in future studies for reciprocal ankle PF/DF and INV/EV assessment in healthy adult subjects after implementation of a familiarization session.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kinetika MeSH
• kosterní svaly fyziologie   MeSH
• kotník fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) fyziologie   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• svalová síla - dynamometr normy   MeSH
• svalová síla fyziologie   MeSH
• zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

We test whether locomotor posture is associated with body mass and lower limb length in humans and explore how body size and posture affect net joint moments during walking. We acquired gait data for 24 females and 25 males using a three-dimensional motion capture system and pressure-measuring insoles. We employed the general linear model and commonality analysis to assess the independent effect of body mass and lower limb length on flexion angles at the hip, knee, and ankle while controlling for sex and velocity. In addition, we used inverse dynamics to model the effect of size and posture on net joint moments. At early stance, body mass has a negative effect on knee flexion (p < 0.01), whereas lower limb length has a negative effect on hip flexion (p < 0.05). Body mass uniquely explains 15.8% of the variance in knee flexion, whereas lower limb length uniquely explains 5.4% of the variance in hip flexion. Both of the detected relationships between body size and posture are consistent with the moment moderating postural adjustments predicted by our model. At late stance, no significant relationship between body size and posture was detected. Humans of greater body size reduce the flexion of the hip and knee at early stance, which results in the moderation of net moments at these joints.

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• chůze (způsob) fyziologie   MeSH
• chůze fyziologie   MeSH
• dolní končetina fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hlezenní kloub fyziologie   MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• kolenní kloub fyziologie   MeSH
• koleno fyziologie   MeSH
• kotník fyziologie   MeSH
• kyčelní kloub fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• postura těla fyziologie   MeSH
• rozsah kloubních pohybů fyziologie   MeSH
• velikost těla fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• autologní štěp MeSH
• bércové vředy * diagnóza   ošetřování   terapie   MeSH
• bérec fyziologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• destičkový růstový faktor * fyziologie   MeSH
• fibroblasty fyziologie   MeSH
• granulační tkáň fyziologie   MeSH
• hojení ran fyziologie   MeSH
• kotník fyziologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plazma bohatá na destičky * MeSH
• regenerace kůže s využitím plazmy trendy   využití   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• separace buněk metody   MeSH
• trombocyty fyziologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• distorze a distenze * diagnóza   chirurgie   ošetřování   terapie   MeSH
• kotník * fyziologie   chirurgie   patofyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ortopedické fixační pomůcky klasifikace   trendy   MeSH
• ortopedické ošetřovatelství metody   trendy   MeSH
• ortopedické výkony metody   trendy   MeSH
• poranění kotníku chirurgie   ošetřování   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

In contemporary science, the analysis of human walking is extensively used. The prediction of leg motion, as well as rehabilitation, can be usable for orthosis and prosthesis programing. Our work is focused on predicting of human walking by angle-angle diagrams, also called cyclograms. The applications of cyclograms in conjunction with artificial intelligence offers wide area of applications in medicine. But until now, this approach has not been studied or applied in practice.

• MeSH
• analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
• bérec fyziologie   MeSH
• bioinženýrství metody   MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• chůze fyziologie   MeSH
• infračervené záření MeSH
• koleno fyziologie   MeSH
• kotník fyziologie   MeSH
• kyčel fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuronové sítě MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH