Three-dimensional (3D) retinal organoids, in vitro tissue structures derived from self-organizing cultures of differentiating human embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells, could recapitulate some aspects of the cytoarchitectural structure and function of the retina in vivo. 3D retinal organoids display huge potential for the investigation of the pathogenesis of monogenic hereditary eye diseases that are related to the malfunction or degeneration of photoreceptors or retinal ganglion cells by providing an effective in vitro tool with multiple applications. In combination with recent genome editing tools, 3D retinal organoids could also represent a reliable and renewable source of transplantable cells for personalized therapies. In this review, we describe the recent advances in human pluripotent stem cells-derived retinal organoids, determination of their histoarchitecture, complexity, and maturity. We also discuss their application as a means to decipher the pathogenesis of retinal diseases, as well as the main drawbacks and challenges. Stem Cells 2019;37:1496-1504.
- MeSH
- editace genu metody MeSH
- indukované pluripotentní kmenové buňky cytologie transplantace MeSH
- nemoci retiny patologie MeSH
- organoidy cytologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- retina patologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- tyčinky retiny cytologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
- MeSH
- buněčné jádro ultrastruktura MeSH
- glykogen analýza MeSH
- myši MeSH
- organoidy ultrastruktura MeSH
- ovum fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- zygota MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- biomedicínský výzkum MeSH
- buňky kostní dřeně enzymologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- histocytochemie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfoidní leukemie patologie MeSH
- organoidy enzymologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH