Aim: Research on the health consequences of violent victimization of people with disabilities is lacking. This study aims to identify the factors that are associated with physical and mental health impacts of anti-disability bias victimization. Methods: The study drew on a unique sample of 331 self-identified people with disabilities, all over the age of 15, residing in Czechia. From this sample, 47 questionnaires were excluded. The respondents were asked about the most serious incident of anti-disability bias victimization in the last five years. A series of bivariate binary logistic regressions were performed - with the consequences of this incident as outcomes (mental health and physical health). Results: 90 respondents (32%) reported experiencing the most serious incident of bias victimization in the last five years. 60% of victims reported anxiety and sadness, and 28% deterioration in physical health. The results suggest that victims experience physical and mental health consequences unequally. Age, perceived disability in specific areas, visibility of disability, presence of multiple disabilities, and number of offenders are associated with the experience of physical health deterioration. Education, perceived disability in specific areas, and visibility of disability are associated with the experience of mental health impacts. Conclusion: Certain groups of people with disabilities who experience victimization report poorer physical and mental health outcomes. This differential experience should be considered in immediate responses and prevention programs.
- MeSH
- duševní zdraví statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- emoce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- logistické modely MeSH
- násilí psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- postižení * psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- předsudek * psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- sociální problémy psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- zdraví statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- zpráva o sobě MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Employment disparities are known to exist between lean and corpulent people, for example, corpulent people are less likely to be hired and get lower wages. The reasons for these disparities between weight groups are not completely understood. We hypothesize (i) that economic decision making differs between lean and corpulent subjects, (ii) that these differences are influenced by peoples' blood glucose concentrations and (iii) by the body weight of their opponents. METHODS: A total of 20 lean and 20 corpulent men were examined, who performed a large set of economic games (ultimatum game, trust game and risk game) under euglycemic and hypoglycemic conditions induced by the glucose clamp technique. RESULTS: In the ultimatum game, lean men made less fair decisions and offered 16% less money than corpulent men during euglycemia (P=0.042). During hypoglycemia, study participants of both weight groups accepted smaller amounts of money than during euglycemia (P=0.031), indicating that a lack of energy makes subjects to behave more like a Homo Economicus. In the trust game, lean men allocated twice as much money to lean than to corpulent trustees during hypoglycemia (P<0.001). Risk-seeking behavior did not differ between lean and corpulent men. CONCLUSION: Our data show that economic decision making is affected by both, the body weight of the participants and the body weight of their opponents, and that blood glucose concentrations should be taken into consideration when analyzing economic decision making. When relating these results to the working environment, the weight bias in economic decision making may be also relevant for employment disparities.
- MeSH
- důvěra psychologie MeSH
- experimentální hry * MeSH
- glykemický clamp MeSH
- hubenost psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nadváha psychologie MeSH
- předsudek psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- rozhodování * MeSH
- socioekonomické faktory MeSH
- výběr pracovníků * MeSH
- výběrové chování MeSH
- zaměstnanost psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
This article deals with the issue of social exclusion of immigrants in the Czech Republic. A review of expert sources indicates that immigrants are most often excluded from the labour market, housing market, and in communication with institutions. These areas became the target of our research. We observed how they were affect by knowledge of the Czech language, length of residence and type of work performed. The study was conducted using quantitative research strategies, interviews, and a questionnaire, the clarity of which was ensured by a double translation. The research group consisted of immigrants, namely Vietnamese, Slovak, Russian, Ukrainian, and Polish nationalities, living in selected regions of the Czech Republic. Results showed that there were statistically significant differences among the immigrant groups. The Vietnamese were least satisfied with housing conditions; they often reported living in overcrowded apartments and dormitories, and saw little chance of changing their situation because of discrimination by landlords. With regard to Czech language skills, the greater difference between Czech and Vietnamese and the relative similarity between Czech and the other studied immigrant languages also played a role. As a result, this indicator also showed the greatest dissatisfaction among the Vietnamese. For employees, poor knowledge of Czech corresponds to lower socioeconomic status.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- emigranti a imigranti psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předsudek psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- sociální izolace * MeSH
- společenská třída * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Vietnam MeSH
Cílem výzkumu bylo zjistit současný stav diskriminace na základě sexuální orientace v České republice. K výzkumu byla použitá modifikovaná verze dotazníku, který již u nás použili Procházka, Janík a Hromada (2003). Dotazník má celkem 64 položek, z nichž jedna třetina je tvořena otevřenými otázkami. V kvantitativní části výzkumu jsem analyzovala data od 496 respondentů, z toho 150 lesbických žen, 289 gay mužů, 33 bisexuálních žen a 24 bisexuálních mužů. Bylo zjištěno, že rozsah diskriminace na základě sexuální orientace se v posledních letech příliš nezměnil, přičemž zkušenost s diskriminací či obtěžováním uvedlo 56 % respondentů (n=279). V několika zkoumaných oblastech se ukázalo, že s diskriminací se signifikantně více setkávají respondenti mužského pohlaví, zatímco mezi homosexuálními a bisexuálními respondenty nebyl v oblasti diskriminace shledán žádný statisticky významný rozdíl. V rámci studie byla v České republice poprvé zkoumána prevalence obtěžování na základě sexuální orientace v českých školách. Ukázalo se, že více než třetina respondentů, kteří v posledních letech navštěvovali střední školu, se stalo obětí obtěžování či diskriminace z důvodu své sexuální orientace.
The aim of this research was to explore the contemporary situation of discrimination based on sexual orientation in the Czech Republic. I used modified version of the questionnaire first used in the Czech Republic by Procházka, Janík, and Hromada (2003). The questionnaire has 64 items including 19 open questions. I detected that there have been no important changes in discrimination based on sexual orientation in the Czech Republic. 56 % of respondents (n=279) have experience with discrimination. In the quantitative part of the research, I analysed information given by 496 respondents, of whom 150 were lesbians, 289 gay men, 33 bisexual women and 24 bisexual men. In some areas, significantly higher rates of discrimination were reported by males, but there was no significant difference between homosexual and bisexual respondents. This study for the first time surveyed the bullying based on sexual orientation in Czech schools. I found that one third of respondents who attend secondary schools have been victims of discrimination or bullying.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- homosexualita mužská * psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- homosexualita ženská * psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- oběti zločinu * psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- péče o dítě psychologie MeSH
- předsudek * psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- sexuální chování * psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- sexuální obtěžování statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- šikana * psychologie MeSH
- školy MeSH
- zaměstnání MeSH
- zločin psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH