Social behavior involves complex of different forms of interactions between individuals that is essential for healthy mental and physical development throughout lifespan. Psychostimulants, including methamphetamine (MA), have neurotoxic effect, especially, if they are targeting CNS during its critical periods of development. The present study was aimed on evaluation of changes in social interactions (SI) following scheduled prenatal/neonatal MA treatment in combination with acute application in adulthood. Eight groups of male and eight groups of female rats were tested in adulthood: rats, whose mothers were exposed to MA (5mg/ml/kg) or saline (SA, 1ml/kg) during the first half of gestation (ED 1-11), the second half of gestation (ED 12-22) and neonatal period (PD 1-11). To do this, we compared indirect neonatal applications via the exposed dams with group of rat pups that received MA or SA directly through injections. In adulthood, half animals from each group were injected with MA (1mg/kg), second half with saline 45min prior to the Social Interaction Test. Females and males were observed for social and nonsocial activities of two unfamiliar individuals of the same sex and treatment in a familiar Open field arena. The present study demonstrated that prenatal/neonatal MA exposure leads to decrease the time spent in genital investigation, following and nonsocial activity. Acute dose of MA leads to a decrease in all SI patterns and to an increase in nonsocial activities relative to acute SA. Females were more active than males. Animals exposed to prenatal/neonatal treatment during the second half of gestation (ED 12-22) and throughout lactation period (PD 1-11 indirect/direct) had fewer SI and greater exploratory behavior than animals exposed during the first half of gestation (ED 1-11).

• MeSH
• estrální cyklus účinky léků   MeSH
• methamfetamin toxicita   MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• náhodné rozdělení MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus * MeSH
• pohybová aktivita účinky léků   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• sociální chování * MeSH
• stimulanty centrálního nervového systému toxicita   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice psychologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Different forms of anxiety-related behavior have been reported after a single drug use of many abused substances, however, less is known about how males and females are affected differently from exposure to various drugs. Furthermore, chronic prenatal methamphetamine (MA) exposure was shown to predispose the animal to an increased sensitivity to drugs administrated in adulthood. Using the Elevated plus-maze test (EPM), the first aim of the present study was to examine how male and female rats are affected by acute drug treatment with subcutaneously (s.c.) administrated (a) MA (1mg/kg); (b) drugs with a similar mechanism of action to MA: amphetamine (AMP, 1mg/kg), cocaine (COC, 5mg/kg), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 5mg/kg); and (c) drugs with different mechanisms of action: morphine (MOR, 5mg/kg), and Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 2mg/kg). The second aim was to determine if prenatally MA-exposed (5mg/kg) animals show an increased sensitivity to adult drug treatment. The parameters analyzed were divided into two categories: anxiety-related behavior and anxiety-unrelated/exploratory behavior. Our results showed in female rats a decreased percentage of the time spent in the closed arms (CA) after MA, and an increased percentage of the time spent in the open arms (OA) after MA, AMP, and COC treatment, indicating an anxiolytic-like effect. In females, MDMA and THC treatment increased the percentage of the time spent in the CA. An increased percentage of the time spent in the CA was also seen after MOR treatment in females as well as in males, indicating an anxiogenic-like effect. As far as the interaction between prenatal MA exposure and adult drug treatment is concerned, there was no effect found. In conclusion, it seems that: (a) in some cases female rats are more vulnerable to acute drug treatment, in terms of either anxiogenic- or anxiolytic-like effects; (b) prenatal MA exposure does not sensitize animals to the anxiety-related effects of any of the drugs.

• MeSH
• analgetika farmakologie   MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• bludiště - učení účinky léků   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• estrální cyklus účinky léků   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• methamfetamin toxicita   MeSH
• N-methyl-3,4-methylendioxyamfetamin farmakologie   MeSH
• pátrací chování účinky léků   MeSH
• serotoninové látky farmakologie   MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• stimulanty centrálního nervového systému toxicita   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• úzkost chemicky indukované   MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice chemicky indukované   patofyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of prenatal and postnatal methamphetamine (MA) exposure on behavior and anxiety in adult male and female rats. Mothers were daily exposed to injection of MA (5 mg/kg) or saline (S): prior to impregnation and throughout gestation and lactation periods. On postnatal day 1, pups were cross-fostered so that each mother raised 6 saline-exposed pups and 6 MA-exposed pups. Based on the prenatal and postnatal exposure 4 experimental groups (S/S, S/MA, MA/S, MA/MA) were tested in the Open field (OF) and in the Elevated plus maze (EPM) in adulthood. Locomotion, exploration, immobility and comforting behavior were evaluated in the OF, while anxiety was assessed in the EPM. While prenatal MA exposure did not affect behavior and anxiety in adulthood, postnatal MA exposure (i.e. MA administration to lactating mothers) induced long-term changes. Specifically, adult female rats in diestrus and adult males postnatally exposed to MA via breast milk (S/MA and MA/MA) had decreased locomotion and exploratory behavior in the OF and showed increased anxiety-like behavior in the EPM when compared to female rats in diestrus or males postnatally exposed to saline (S/S and MA/S). In adult females in proestrus, postnatal exposure to MA affected only exploratory behavior in the OF when compared to rats in proestrus postnatally exposed to saline. Thus, the present study shows that postnatal exposure to MA via breast milk impairs behavior in unfamiliar environment and anxiety-like behavior of adult male and female rats more than prenatal MA exposure.

• MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• audiovizuální záznam MeSH
• bludiště - učení účinky léků   MeSH
• estrální cyklus účinky léků   MeSH
• inhibitory vychytávání dopaminu škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mateřské chování účinky léků   MeSH
• methamfetamin škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• pátrací chování účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
• pohybová aktivita účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• tonická imobilita účinky léků   MeSH
• úzkost patofyziologie   MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice patofyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Methamphetamine is a psychostimulant drug which causes the release of monoamine neurotransmitters. Although drugs of abuse are known to have analgesic effects, there is a lack of evidence regarding the effect of prenatal exposure to methamphetamine on nociception in adulthood. Adult Wistar rats whose mothers had received daily exposure to methamphetamine (5 mg/kg; s.c.) or saline, during gestation or gestation and lactation periods, were examined for: (1) gender differences in nociception; (2) an association between nociception and gross-motor behavior in the plantar test; (3) effects of cross-fostering on nociception; and (4) analgesic effects of an acute injection of methamphetamine (1 mg/kg s.c.). Nociception was tested using the plantar test on postnatal days 85-90. Prenatal methamphetamine increased sensitivity to pain on forelimbs (p<0.0001) and hind limbs (p<0.05) in females only. Prenatal methamphetamine treated male rats fostered by adoptive injection stressed mothers had higher sensitivity to pain than prenatally injection stressed rats fostered by methamphetamine treated mothers (p<0.05). Acute methamphetamine induced analgesia faster in prenatally methamphetamine exposed rats than in controls. In all groups, analgesia increased in the cranio-caudal direction (p<0.0001). From our behavioral data it can be concluded that exposure to methamphetamine during the prenatal period completely dissociates the relationship between nociception and intensity of overall behavior observed in intact animals in adulthood. Thus, our results indicate that perinatal exposure to psychostimulants may have long-term impact on several functions related to dopaminergic system.

• MeSH
• chování zvířat účinky léků   MeSH
• estrální cyklus účinky léků   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mateřské chování účinky léků   MeSH
• měření bolesti MeSH
• methamfetamin farmakologie   MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• percepce bolesti účinky léků   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• stimulanty centrálního nervového systému farmakologie   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether sensitivity to flurothyl seizures after an acute methamphetamine (MA) administration is different in prenatally MA-exposed adult rats than in controls without prenatal drug exposure. Adult male and female rats exposed prenatally to MA (5mg/kg), saline or neither (controls) were divided into groups; one group received acute MA (1mg/kg s.c.) injection and the other group received saline. Rats were then challenged with flurothyl at a constant flow rate to induce seizures. The threshold of the first focal clonus, clonic seizures and tonic-clonic seizures were analyzed. EFFECTS OF PRENATAL DRUG EXPOSURE: In animals without acute MA administration prior to seizure testing, prenatal MA exposure decreased threshold of the first clonus relative to control animals. This decrease in threshold was not apparent in groups pretreated with acute MA injection. EFFECTS OF ACUTE MA ADMINISTRATION: There was an increased threshold to both, first focal clonus and clonic seizures in animals with acute MA injection than in animals without it. The increase induced by acute MA pretreatment was higher in prenatally MA-exposed animals relative to controls. Further, clonic seizures were shorter and developed faster into tonic-clonic seizures in these acutely injected animals compared to animals without acute MA injection. EFFECTS OF HORMONES: The threshold of all measured attributes was decreased in males. Estrous cycle influences did not lead to changes between groups of prenatal exposure or acute MA administration. Threshold of tonic-clonic seizures was increased in females in proestrus/estrus stage of the estrous cycle relative to diestrous females. Our study suggests that prenatal MA exposure affects the sensitivity of adult rats to the effect of acute MA treatment prior to flurothyl seizures relative to controls.

• MeSH
• dopaminové látky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• estrální cyklus účinky léků   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• flurothyl MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• methamfetamin škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• náchylnost k nemoci chemicky indukované   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost účinky léků   MeSH
• záchvaty etiologie   chemicky indukované   MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice patofyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

• MeSH
• bikukulin metabolismus   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• estrální cyklus metabolismus   účinky léků   MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• methamfetamin farmakologie   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• N-methyl-3,4-methylendioxyamfetamin metabolismus   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• záchvaty etiologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of prenatal methamphetamine (MA) exposure on flurothyl seizures. Adult prenatally MA-exposed male rats had decreased threshold of the first fasciculation and clonic seizure. In adult female rats, prenatal MA exposure decreased the threshold of the first fascicualtion in diestrous females, while there were no changes in proestrous or estrous females. The tonic-clonic seizure threshold was not altered by prenatal MA exposure.

• MeSH
• estrální cyklus účinky léků   MeSH
• flurothyl MeSH
• methamfetamin toxicita   MeSH
• náhodné rozdělení MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• synergismus léků MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• záchvaty chemicky indukované   patofyziologie   MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

• MeSH
• estrální cyklus účinky léků   MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• N-methyl-3,4-methylendioxyamfetamin aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• pohlaví MeSH
• úzkost diagnóza   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

• MeSH
• estrální cyklus účinky léků   MeSH
• estrogeny fyziologie   MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• N-methyl-3,4-methylendioxyamfetamin aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• receptory serotoninové účinky léků   MeSH
• úleková reakce účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

• MeSH
• bolest MeSH
• estrální cyklus účinky léků   MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• fyziologický stres MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• methamfetamin farmakologie   MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• potkani Wistar růst a vývoj   MeSH
• těhotenství u zvířat účinky léků   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH