In this study, a simple and green strategy was reported to prepare bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) by the combination of zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) using Sambucus nigra L. extract. The physicochemical properties of these NPs such as crystal structure, size, and morphology were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results suggested that these NPs contained polygonal ZnO NPs with hexagonal phase and spherical CuO NPs with monoclinic phase. The anticancer activity of the prepared bimetallic NPs was evaluated against lung and human melanoma cell lines based on MTT assay. As a result, the bimetallic ZnO/CuO NPs exhibited high toxicity on melanoma cancer cells while their toxicity on lung cancer cells was low.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• bez černý chemie   MeSH
• buňky A549 MeSH
• cytotoxiny chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• difrakce rentgenového záření metody   MeSH
• kovové nanočástice chemie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• listy rostlin chemie   MeSH
• měď chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti metody   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací metody   MeSH
• technologie zelené chemie metody   MeSH
• transmisní elektronová mikroskopie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Purpose: The present study deals with the in vitro evaluation of the potential use of coordination compound-based zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer cells (TNBrCa). As BrCa is one of the most prevalent cancer types and TNBrCa treatment is difficult due to poor prognosis and a high metastasis rate, finding a more reliable treatment option should be of the utmost interest. Methods: Prepared by reacting zinc carboxylates (formate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate) and hexamethylenetetramine, 4 distinct coordination compounds were further subjected to two modes of conversion into ZnO NPs - ultrasonication with oleic acid or heating of pure precursors in an air atmosphere. After detailed characterization, the resulting ZnO NPs were subjected to in vitro testing of cytotoxicity toward TNBrCa and normal breast epithelial cells. Further, their biocompatibility was evaluated. Results: The resulting ZnO NPs provide distinct morphological features, size, biocompatibility, and selective cytotoxicity toward TNBrCa cells. They internalize into two types of TNBrCa cells and imbalance their redox homeostasis, influencing their metabolism, morphology, and ultimately leading to their death via apoptosis or necrosis. Conclusion: The crucial properties of ZnO NPs seem to be their morphology, size, and zinc content. The ZnO NPs with the most preferential values of all three properties show great promise for a future potential use in the therapy of TNBrCa.

• MeSH
• antitumorózní látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• apoptóza účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nanočástice chemie   MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• triple-negativní karcinom prsu patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Purpose: Nanomaterials for antimicrobial applications have gained interest in recent years due to the increasing bacteria resistance to conventional antibiotics. Wound sterilization, water treatment and surface decontamination all avail from multifunctional materials that also possess excellent antibacterial properties, eg zinc oxide (ZnO). Here, we assess and compare the effects of synthesized hedgehog-like ZnO structures and commercial ZnO particles with and without mixing on the inactivation of bacteria on surfaces and in liquid environments. Methods: Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria in microbial culture medium were added to reverse spin bioreactors that contained different concentrations of each ZnO type to enable dynamic mixing of the bacteria-ZnO suspensions. Optical density of the bacteria-ZnO suspensions was measured in real-time and the number of viable bacteria after 24 h exposure was determined using standard microbiological techniques. The concentration of zinc ion generated from ZnO dissolution in different liquid types was estimated from the dynamic interaction exposure. Static antibacterial tests without agitation in liquid media and on agar surface were performed for comparison. Results: A correlation between increasing ZnO particle concentration and reduction in viable bacteria was not monotonous. The lowest concentration tested (10 µg/mL) even stimulated bacteria growth. The hedgehog ZnO was significantly more antibacterial than commercial ZnO particles at higher concentrations (up to 1000 µg/mL tested), more against E. coli than S. aureus. Minimum inhibitory concentration in microwell plates was correlated with those results. No inhibition was detected for any ZnO type deposited on agar surface. Zinc ion release was greatly suppressed in cultivation media. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that ZnO needles can pierce membrane of bacteria whereas the commercial ZnO nanoparticles rather agglomerate on the cell surface. Conclusion: The inhibition effects are thus mainly controlled by the interaction dynamics between bacteria and ZnO, where mixing greatly enhances antibacterial efficacy of all ZnO particles. The efficacy is modulated also by ZnO particle shapes, where hedgehog ZnO has superior effect, in particular at lower concentrations. However, at too low concentrations, ZnO can stimulate bacteria growth and must be thus used with caution.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• biomimetické materiály chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• Escherichia coli účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• ježkovití * MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Ingestion of nanoparticles (NPs) with antimicrobial properties may disrupt the balance of intestinal microbiota. To investigate the effects of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs on intestinal flora, common carp Cyprinus carpio were fed a commercial feed containing 500 mg kg-1 ZnO NPs for 6 weeks and compared to a control group receiving a similar feed-only regime. Sequencing data were analyzed both in individual fish and in pooled samples. Sequencing of 16S rRNA encoding gene of individual specimens revealed high variation in intestinal microbial composition. Assessment of pooled results can obscure high individual variation in data. ZnO NPs consumption was not associated with a significant difference in the intestinal microbial community compared to untreated controls. Our results indicated a high individual variation in the intestinal microbiome, which may further point out the importance of functional study over microbial composition to address nanomaterials-microbiome relationship.

• MeSH
• kapři MeSH
• mikrobiota MeSH
• nanočástice MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• potraviny MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S chemie   MeSH
• střeva fyziologie   MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Zinc oxide/cellulose nanocrystal (ZnO/CNC) hybrids with modulated morphologies were prepared by using bamboo CNC as templates via green one-step technique. The effect of pH values on the morphology, microstructure, thermal stability, antibacterial efficiency and dye absorption kinetics of hybrids were investigated. A possible mechanism for various hybrid morphologies at different pH values was provided. All the samples exhibited high antibacterial ratios of 91.4%-99.8% against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. ZnO/CNC8.5 gave quick removal efficiency with high dye removal ratios in methylene blue (MB, 93.55%) and malachite green (MG, 99.02%), especially >91.47% and 97.85% within 5 min. The absorption capacity could reach up to 46.77 mg/g for MB and 49.51 mg/g for MG. Besides, absorption kinetics showed that the absorption behavior followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.99996). Such ZnO/CNC hybrids show outstanding and low-cost adsorbent for efficient absorption of cationic dyes in wastewater treatment field.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• barvicí látky chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• celulosa chemie   MeSH
• čištění vody MeSH
• Escherichia coli účinky léků   MeSH
• fyzikální absorpce * MeSH
• kinetika MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• methylenová modř chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• nanočástice chemie   MeSH
• odpadní voda chemie   MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• rosanilinová barviva chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků   MeSH
• techniky syntetické chemie MeSH
• technologie zelené chemie MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are a promising platform for use in biomedical research, especially given their anticancer and antimicrobial activities. These activities are associated with the ability of ZnO NPs to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce apoptosis. In addition, ZnO NPs have been successfully exploited as drug carriers for loading and transporting drugs to target sites, thereby reducing unwanted toxicity and off-target effects, and resulting in amplified synergistic effects. Here, we discuss the synthesis and biomedical applications of ZnO NPs.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nanočástice * aplikace a dávkování   chemie   MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý * chemie   farmakokinetika   farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

The impact of nanosize was evaluated by comparing of the transcriptomic response of Arabidopsis thaliana roots to ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO), bulk ZnO, and ionic Zn(2+). Microarray analyses revealed 416 up- and 961 down-regulated transcripts (expression difference >2-fold, p [FDR] < 0.01) after a seven-day treatment with nZnO (average particle size 20 nm, concentration 4 mg L(-1)). Exposure to bulk ZnO resulted in 816 up- and 2179 down-regulated transcripts. The most dramatic changes (1711 transcripts up- and 3242 down-regulated) were caused by the presence of ionic Zn(2+) (applied as ZnSO4.7H20 at a concentration of 14.14 mg L(-1), corresponding to the amount of Zn contained in 4 mg L(-1) ZnO). Genes involved in stress response (e.g., to salt, osmotic stress or water deprivation) were the most relatively abundant group of gene transcripts up-regulated by all three Zn treatments while genes involved in cell organization and biogenesis (e.g., tubulins, arabinogalactan proteins) and DNA or RNA metabolism (e.g., histones) were the most relatively abundant groups of down-regulated transcripts. The similarity of the transcription profiles and the increasing number of changed transcripts correlating with the increased concentration of Zn(2+) in cultivation medium indicated that released Zn(2+) may substantially contribute to the toxic effect of nZnO because particle size has not demonstrated a decisive role.

• MeSH
• Arabidopsis účinky léků   genetika   MeSH
• kationty dvojmocné MeSH
• kořeny rostlin účinky léků   genetika   MeSH
• nanočástice chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý chemie   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• síran zinečnatý chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese metody   MeSH
• testy toxicity MeSH
• velikost částic MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The paper reports laboratory preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of ZnO/graphite nanocomposites. Zinc chloride and sodium carbonate served as precursors for synthesis of zinc oxide, while micromilled and natural graphite were used as the matrix for ZnO nanoparticles anchoring. During the reaction of ZnCl2 with saturated aqueous solution of Na2CO3a new compound is created. During the calcination at the temperature of 500 °C this new precursors decomposes and ZnO nanoparticles are formed. Composites ZnO/graphite with 50 wt.% of ZnO particles were prepared. X-ray powder diffraction and Raman microspectroscopy served as phase-analytical methods. Scanning electron microscopy technique was used for morphology characterization of the prepared samples and EDS mapping for visualization of elemental distribution. A developed modification of the standard microdilution test was used for in vitro evaluation of daylight induced antibacterial activity and antibacterial activity at dark conditions. Common human pathogens served as microorganism for antibacterial assay. Antibacterial activity of ZnO/graphite composites could be based on photocatalytic reaction; however there is a role of Zn(2+) ions on the resulting antibacterial activity which proved the experiments in dark condition. There is synergistic effect between Zn(2+) caused and reactive oxygen species caused antibacterial activity.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• difrakce rentgenového záření MeSH
• fotochemické procesy MeSH
• grafit chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
• nanokompozity chemie   MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• Ramanova spektroskopie MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Pharmacological dietary zinc (Zn) concentrations of 1,000 to 3,000 mg/kg diet from Zn oxide have been found to increase growth in post-weaning pigs. However, results were inconsistent among studies. A frequentist meta-analysis, in which effects were numerically described with standardized effect sizes (Hedges's g), was conducted in order to identify and quantify the responses in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain to feed ratio (G/F) in post-weaning pigs upon dietary Zn supplementation from Zn oxide. The inability of independent continuous variables to explain significant heterogeneity obtained with fixed effect models necessitated the use of random effects models to calculate summary statistics. Dietary Zn supplementation increased (P < 0.05) ADG (mean effect size = 1.086, 95 % confidence intervals = 0.905-1.266, 26 studies, 72 comparisons), ADFI (mean effect size = 0.794, 95 % confidence intervals = 0.616-0.971, 25 studies, 71 comparisons), and G/F (mean effect size = 0.566, 95 % confidence intervals = 0.422-0.710, 24 studies, 70 comparisons). Zinc oxide provided a feasible alternative to in-feed antibiotics to improve growth in post-weaning pigs, and its reduction in diets due to potential environmental pollution will have to be negated by alternative feed additives and management strategies in order to prevent economic losses.

• MeSH
• fyziologie výživy zvířat * MeSH
• hmotnostní přírůstek účinky léků   MeSH
• krmivo pro zvířata * analýza   MeSH
• odstavení MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• potravní doplňky * MeSH
• prasata růst a vývoj   MeSH
• přijímání potravy fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH