• MeSH
• chirurgie operační MeSH

• Konspekt
• Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
• NLK Obory
• chirurgie
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie
• učebnice vysokých škol

Part of the practical, highly illustrated Operative Techniques series, this fully revised title by Drs. Glenn B. Pfeffer, Mark Easley, Beat Hintermann, Andrew Sands, and Alastair Younger brings you up to speed with must-know surgical techniques in today’s foot and ankle surgery. Step-by-step, evidence-based guidance, including numerous videos online, walks you through new procedures and modifications to existing procedures, as well as tips for improving patient outcomes and much more. The back of the cover

• MeSH
• kotník chirurgie   MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) chirurgie   MeSH
• ortopedické výkony MeSH

• Konspekt
• Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
• NLK Obory
• chirurgie
• ortopedie
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie

Pathogen life history theory assumes a positive relationship between pathogen load in host tissues and pathogen transmission. Empirical evidence for this relationship is surprisingly rare due to the difficulty of measuring transmission for many pathogens. The comparative method, where a common host is experimentally infected with a set of pathogen strains, is a powerful approach for investigating the relationships between pathogen load and transmission. The validity of such experimental estimates of strain-specific transmission is greatly enhanced if they can predict the pathogen population strain structure in nature. Borrelia burgdorferi is a multi-strain, tick-borne spirochete that causes Lyme disease in North America. This study used 11 field-collected strains of B. burgdorferi, a rodent host (Mus musculus, C3H/HeJ) and its tick vector (Ixodes scapularis) to determine the relationship between pathogen load in host tissues and lifetime host-to-tick transmission (HTT). Mice were experimentally infected via tick bite with 1 of 11 strains. Lifetime HTT was measured by infesting mice with I. scapularis larval ticks on 3 separate occasions. The prevalence and abundance of the strains in the mouse tissues and the ticks were determined by qPCR. We used published databases to obtain estimates of the frequencies of these strains in wild I. scapularis tick populations. Spirochete loads in ticks and lifetime HTT varied significantly among the 11 strains of B. burgdorferi. Strains with higher spirochete loads in the host tissues were more likely to infect feeding larval ticks, which molted into nymphal ticks that had a higher probability of B. burgdorferi infection (i.e., higher HTT). Our laboratory-based estimates of lifetime HTT were predictive of the frequencies of these strains in wild I. scapularis populations. For B. burgdorferi, the strains that establish high abundance in host tissues and that have high lifetime transmission are the strains that are most common in nature.

• MeSH
• Borrelia burgdorferi * MeSH
• klíště * MeSH
• larva MeSH
• lymeská nemoc * MeSH
• myši inbrední C3H MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• anastrazol, exemestan,
• MeSH
• androstadieny škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• antagonisté estrogenu * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• estradiol analogy a deriváty   aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• fulvestrant MeSH
• hormonální protinádorové látky * aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• inhibitory aromatasy aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metastázy nádorů MeSH
• nádory prsu * farmakoterapie   mortalita   patologie   MeSH
• nežádoucí účinky léčiv MeSH
• nitrily aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• postmenopauza MeSH
• přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny analýza   MeSH
• triazoly aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

Beginning with an overview of food and food constituents, the book outlines current nutrient analysis systems, techniques for data analysis, and food labeling. The book reviews nutrition science including terminology, biochemistry, nutrient-nutrient interactions, and comparative nutrition. There is a detailed assessment in section three on nutritional needs throughout the lifecycle. It highlights exercise and the value of vegetarian diets in health promotion and disease prevention. Section four considers issues surrounding nutritional assessment, screening, and monitoring tools including questionnaires, and anthropometric-, psychological-, and energy-assessments. --Provided by publisher

• MeSH
• dieta MeSH
• dietoterapie MeSH
• fyziologie výživy * MeSH
• potraviny * MeSH
• výzkum MeSH
• Publikační typ
• příručky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
• NLK Obory
• nutriční terapie, dietoterapie a výživa

• MeSH
• gynekologická onemocnění MeSH
• gynekologie MeSH
• komplikace těhotenství MeSH
• porodnictví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Gynekologie. Porodnictví
• NLK Obory
• gynekologie a porodnictví
• NLK Publikační typ
• učebnice vysokých škol

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The gut microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to map the CRC mucosal microbiota and metabolome and define the influence of the tumoral microbiota on oncological outcomes. METHODS: A multicentre, prospective observational study was conducted of CRC patients undergoing primary surgical resection in the UK (n = 74) and Czech Republic (n = 61). Analysis was performed using metataxonomics, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), targeted bacterial qPCR and tumour exome sequencing. Hierarchical clustering accounting for clinical and oncological covariates was performed to identify clusters of bacteria and metabolites linked to CRC. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to ascertain clusters associated with disease-free survival over median follow-up of 50 months. RESULTS: Thirteen mucosal microbiota clusters were identified, of which five were significantly different between tumour and paired normal mucosa. Cluster 7, containing the pathobionts Fusobacterium nucleatum and Granulicatella adiacens, was strongly associated with CRC (PFDR = 0.0002). Additionally, tumoral dominance of cluster 7 independently predicted favourable disease-free survival (adjusted p = 0.031). Cluster 1, containing Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Ruminococcus gnavus, was negatively associated with cancer (PFDR = 0.0009), and abundance was independently predictive of worse disease-free survival (adjusted p = 0.0009). UPLC-MS analysis revealed two major metabolic (Met) clusters. Met 1, composed of medium chain (MCFA), long-chain (LCFA) and very long-chain (VLCFA) fatty acid species, ceramides and lysophospholipids, was negatively associated with CRC (PFDR = 2.61 × 10-11); Met 2, composed of phosphatidylcholine species, nucleosides and amino acids, was strongly associated with CRC (PFDR = 1.30 × 10-12), but metabolite clusters were not associated with disease-free survival (p = 0.358). An association was identified between Met 1 and DNA mismatch-repair deficiency (p = 0.005). FBXW7 mutations were only found in cancers predominant in microbiota cluster 7. CONCLUSIONS: Networks of pathobionts in the tumour mucosal niche are associated with tumour mutation and metabolic subtypes and predict favourable outcome following CRC resection. Video Abstract.

• MeSH
• chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
• kolorektální nádory * chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiota * genetika   MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra * genetika   MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• audiovizuální média MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• nemoci dýchací soustavy MeSH
• plicní nemoci MeSH
• poruchy dýchání MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• pneumologie a ftizeologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie

• MeSH
• chirurgie MeSH

• MeSH
• vnitřní lékařství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• učebnice MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• vnitřní lékařství
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie