• MeSH
• bludy MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• literatura MeSH
• politický aktivismus * MeSH
• účast komunity MeSH
• vegetariáni MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• tkáňoví paraziti,
• MeSH
• alergie MeSH
• Amoeba klasifikace   patogenita   MeSH
• Anoplura účinky léků   MeSH
• cerkárie patogenita   MeSH
• dirofilarióza etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• echinokokóza etiologie   přenos   MeSH
• giardiáza MeSH
• infestace roztoči klasifikace   komplikace   patologie   MeSH
• komunikace MeSH
• kryptosporidióza diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrosporidióza etiologie   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci střev epidemiologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci * diagnóza   epidemiologie   imunologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• Pneumocystis carinii patogenita   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• protozoální infekce klasifikace   MeSH
• schistosomóza parazitologie   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• toxokaróza diagnóza   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Toxoplasma patogenita   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza komplikace   patologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• zoonózy MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• MeSH
• antimalarika farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• antiparazitární látky * farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• artemisininy * farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• filarióza farmakoterapie   MeSH
• ivermektin farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• malárie farmakoterapie   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• paraziti účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Tapeworms of the order Spathebothriidea Wardle et McLeod, 1952 (Cestoda) are reviewed. Molecular data made it possible to assess, for the first time, the phylogenetic relationships of all genera and to confirm the validity of Bothrimonus Duvernoy, 1842, Diplocotyle Krabbe, 1874 and Didymobothrium Nybelin, 1922. A survey of all species considered to be valid is provided together with new data on egg and scolex morphology and surface ultrastructure (i.e. microtriches). The peculiar morphology of the members of this group, which is today represented by five effectively monotypic genera whose host associations and geographical distribution show little commonality, indicate that it is a relictual group that was once diverse and widespread. The order potentially represents the earliest branch of true tapeworms (i.e. Eucestoda) among extant forms.

• MeSH
• Cestoda genetika   fyziologie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• ovum klasifikace   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cryptosporidiosis belongs to the important parasitic infections with zoonotic potential and the occurrence in European countries is rare. The first cases of cryptosporidiosis caused by Cryptosporidium hominis detected in the Slovak republic were described here. Collection of examined humans consisted of five family members. Faecal specimens were examined by formalin sedimentation, by the Sheather's sugar flotation and by immunochromatography and visualised by the Ziehl-Neelsen acid fast stain. A fragment of the Cryptosporidium small subunit ribosomal RNA gene was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction and species was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with the endonucleases SspI and VspI. C. hominis was found in faeces of two immunocompetent siblings (a 7-year-old boy and a 2-year-old girl). The symptoms occurred only in the boy as gastrointestinal disorders lasting 5 days, and manifested by abdominal pain, an elevated body temperature (37.2 °C), mild diarrhoea, accompanied by lassitude, depression and anorexia. Ultrasonic scan revealed enlarged spleen and mezenteric lymph nodes. Microscopic examination of the stool sample revealed numerous Cryptosporidium oocysts. The DNA typing identified C. hominis subtype IbA10G2. Cryptosporidium was also detected in the boy's sister without any complications and symptoms. Their father, mother and grandmother were parasitologically negative. The source of infection remained unknown. Human cases in present study reflect necessity of systematic attention on intestinal parasites diagnostic inclusive of cryptosporidia.

• MeSH
• Cryptosporidium izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• feces parazitologie   MeSH
• kryptosporidióza diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

Nine naturally infected asymptomatic budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) were screened daily for microsporidia spore excretion during a 30-day period and the localization of infection was evaluated using microscopy and molecular methods. While the microscopic examination revealed 2.4% positivity out of all fecal samples, using PCR the positivity was 10x higher (24.6%). All nine budgerigars excreted microsporidial spores intermittently in irregular intervals with 1-11-day long interruptions. Most of the birds were infected simultaneously with Encephalitozoon cuniculi and Encephalitozoon hellem. While histological and TEM examination failed to confirm the presence of microsporidial spores in tissues, the PCR detected microsporidial DNA mostly in the small intestine, liver and lungs of four selected budgerigars dissected. Despite the chronic infection proved using molecular methods, no clinical signs of disease were observed during monitoring and no pathological findings were found during dissection.

• MeSH
• Encephalitozoon genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• encephalitozoonóza mikrobiologie   patologie   veterinární   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• Melopsittacus mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA genetika   MeSH
• nemoci ptáků mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• spory hub fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cryptosporidium spp. infection in captive exotic mammals was investigated using staining and molecular biological methods. A total of 323 fecal samples from 100 mammalian species (62 Artiodactyla, 33 Rodentia, 3 Perissodactyla, and 2 Paenungultata) in 4 zoological gardens in the Czech Republic was examined. Only in a reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata) sample was Cryptosporidium sp. infection detected. The partial small subunit rRNA sequence obtained from the isolate was identical to sequences of Cryptosporidium muris in rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) and Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus). Neonatal BALB/c mice inoculated with 1 x 10(3) fresh oocysts of the C. muris giraffe isolate did not produce a detectable infection.

• MeSH
• Artiodactyla parazitologie   MeSH
• biotest veterinární   MeSH
• Cryptosporidium klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• feces parazitologie   MeSH
• kryptosporidióza epidemiologie   parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
• myši MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce veterinární   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• protozoální DNA chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální genetika   MeSH
• zvířata v ZOO parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Farm ruminants were infected experimentally with four mammalian gastric Cryptosporidium, namely Cryptosporidium andersoni LI03 originated from cattle and three isolates of Cryptosporidium muris from brown rat (isolate RN66), Bactrian camel (isolate CB03) and firstly characterized isolate from East African mole rat (isolate TS03). Sequence characterizations of the small-subunit rRNA gene showed that the LI03 isolate was C. andersoni and the other three isolates belonged to C. muris, although the TS03 isolate showed unique sequence variations (one single nucleotide change and four nucleotide insertions). C. andersoni LI03 was infectious for calves only, whereas lambs and kids were susceptible to C. muris CB03. C. muris TS03 and RN66 were not infectious for any farm ruminants. Infection dynamics including prepatent and patent period and infection intensity of the isolates used differed depending on the host species, but no clinical signs of cryptosporidiosis were observed in any of experimentally infected hosts. Cryptosporidium developmental stages were only detected in infected animals in the abomasum region. Histopathological changes were characterized by dilatation and epithelial metaplasia of infected gastric glands with no significant inflammatory responses in the lamina propria.

• MeSH
• Cryptosporidium genetika   patogenita   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• genetická variace MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita MeSH
• kryptosporidióza parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• počet parazitárních vajíček MeSH
• přežvýkavci parazitologie   MeSH
• RNA protozoální analýza   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 18S analýza   MeSH
• skot MeSH
• slez parazitologie   patologie   MeSH
• stadia vývoje MeSH
• žaludeční sliznice parazitologie   patologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• skot MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

The role of antibodies in the immune response to microsporidiosis was studied using a novel anti-exospore monoclonal antibody (MAb) P5/H1, which recognizes surface antigens of Encephalitozoon cuniculi. The effect of the MAb on microsporidial infection in vivo was to prolong the survival of previously CD4+ reconstituted, perorally infected and intraperitoneally MAb-treated SCID mice. The MAb decreased the numbers of E. cuniculi spores in peritoneal smears obtained post mortem. These results suggest a possible role for antibodies in protection against perorally acquired E. cuniculi infection.

• MeSH
• analýza přežití MeSH
• CD4-pozitivní T-lymfocyty imunologie   MeSH
• Encephalitozoon cuniculi imunologie   MeSH
• encephalitozoonóza imunologie   terapie   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• imunoterapie metody   MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky farmakologie   imunologie   MeSH
• myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
• myši MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• spory hub imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH