TiO2 nanotube
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Selenium nanoparticle modified surfaces attract increasing attention in the field of tissue engineering. Selenium exhibits strong anticancer, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and it maintains relatively low off-target cytotoxicity. In our paper, we present the fabrication, characterization and cytocompatibility of titanium oxide (TiO2) nanotube surface decorated with various surface densities of chemically synthesized selenium nanoparticles. To evaluate antibacterial and anti-cancer properties of such nanostructured surface, gram negative bacteria E. coli, cancerous osteoblast like MG-63 cells and non-cancerous fibroblast NIH/3T3 were cultured on designed surfaces. Our results suggested that selenium nanoparticles improved antibacterial properties of titanium dioxide nanotubes and confirmed the anticancer activity towards MG-63 cells, with increasing surface density of nanoparticles. Further, the selenium decorated TiO2 nanotubes suggested deteriorating effect on the cell adhesion and viability of non-cancerous NIH/3T3 cells. Thus, we demonstrated that selenium nanoparticles decorated TiO2 nanotubes synthesized using sodium selenite and glutathione can be used to control bacterial infections and prevent the growth of cancerous cells. However, the higher surface density of nanoparticles adsorbed on the surface was found to be cytotoxic for non-cancerous NIH/3T3 cells and thus it might complicate the integration of biomaterial into the host tissue. Therefore, an optimal surface density of selenium nanoparticles must be found to effectively kill bacteria and cancer cells, while remaining favorable for normal cells.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky chemie farmakologie MeSH
- buňky NIH 3T3 MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádory farmakoterapie MeSH
- nanočástice * chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- nanotrubičky * chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- osteoblasty účinky léků MeSH
- protinádorové látky chemie farmakologie MeSH
- selen chemie farmakologie MeSH
- titan chemie farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This work aims to describe the effect of the surface modification of TiO2 nanotube (TNT) layers on Ti-6Al-4V (TiAlV) alloy by ultrathin TiO2 coatings prepared via Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) on the growth of MG-63 osteoblastic cells. The TNT layers with two distinctly different inner diameters, namely ∼15 nm and ∼50 nm, were prepared via anodic oxidation of the TiAlV alloy. Flat, i.e., non-anodized, TiAlV alloy foils were used as reference substrates. Additionally, a part of the TNT layers and alloy foils was coated with ultrathin coatings of TiO2 by ALD. The number of TiO2 ALD cycles used was 1 and 5 leading to a nominal TiO2 thickness of ∼0.055 and ∼0.3 nm, respectively. The ultrathin TiO2 coating by ALD enabled to optimize the surface hydrophilicity for optimal cell growth. In addition, coatings shaded impurities of V- and F-based species (stemming from the alloy and the anodization electrolyte) that affect the biocompatibility of the tested materials while preserving the original structure and morphology. The evaluation of the biocompatibility before and after TiO2 ALD coating on TiAlV flat surfaces and TNT layers was carried out using MG-63 osteoblastic cells and compared after incubation for up to 96 h. The cell growth, adhesion, and proliferation of the MG-63 on TiAlV foils and TNT layers showed significant enhancement after the surface modification by TiO2 ALD.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Due to the bio-inert nature of titanium (Ti) and subsequent accompanying chronic inflammatory response, an implant's stability and function can be significantly affected, which is why various surface modifications have been employed, including the deposition of titanium oxide (TiO2) nanotubes (TNTs) onto the native surface through the anodic oxidation method. While the influence of nanotube diameter on cell behaviour and osteogenesis is very well documented, information regarding the effects of nanotube lateral spacing on the in vivo new bone formation process is insufficient and hard to find. Considering this, the present study's aim was to evaluate the mechanical properties and the osteogenic ability of two types of TNTs-based pins with different lateral spacing, e.g., 25 nm (TNTs) and 92 nm (spTNTs). The mechanical properties of the TNT-coated implants were characterised from a morphological point of view (tube diameter, spacing, and tube length) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the chemical composition of the implants was evaluated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, while surface roughness and topography were characterised using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Finally, the implants' hardness and elastic modulus were investigated using nanoindentation measurements. The in vivo new bone formation was histologically evaluated (haematoxylin and eosin-HE staining) at 6 and 30 days post-implantation in a rat model. Mechanical characterisation revealed that the two morphologies presented a similar chemical composition and mechanical strength, but, in terms of surface roughness, the spTNTs exhibited a higher average roughness. The microscopic examination at 1 month post-implantation revealed that spTNTs pins (57.21 ± 34.93) were capable of promoting early new bone tissue formation to a greater extent than the TNTs-coated implants (24.37 ± 6.5), with a difference in the average thickness of the newly formed bone tissue of ~32.84 μm, thus highlighting the importance of this parameter when designing future dental/orthopaedic implants.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
In this work, we report for the first time on the use of melt spun glass-forming alloys - Ti75Zr10Si15 (TZS) and Ti60Zr10Si15Nb15 (TZSN) - as substrates for the growth of anodic oxide nanotube layers. Upon their anodization in ethylene glycol based electrolytes, highly ordered nanotube layers were achieved. In comparison to TiO2 nanotube layers grown on Ti foils, under the same conditions for reference, smaller diameter nanotubes (~116nm for TZS and ~90nm for TZSN) and shorter nanotubes (~11.5μm and ~6.5μm for TZS and TZSN, respectively) were obtained for both amorphous alloys. Furthermore, TEM and STEM studies, coupled with EDX analysis, revealed a double-wall structure of the as-grown amorphous oxide nanotubes with Ti species being enriched in the inner wall, and Si species in the outer wall, whereby Zr and Nb species were homogeneously distributed.
Sterilization is the final surface treatment procedure of all implantable devices and is one of the key factors which have to be considered before implementation. Since different sterilization procedures for all implantable devices influence mechanical properties as well as biological response, the influence of different sterilization techniques on titanium nanotubes was studied. Commonly used sterilization techniques such as autoclaving, ultra-violet light sterilization, hydrogen peroxide plasma sterilization as well as the not so frequently used gaseous oxygen plasma sterilization were used. Three different nanotube diameters; 15 nm, 50 nm and 100 nm were employed to study the effects of various sterilization techniques. It was observed that autoclave sterilization resulted in destruction of nanotubular features on all three studied nanotube diameters, while UV-light and both kinds of plasma sterilization did not cause any significant morphological changes on the surfaces. Differences between the sterilization techniques employed influenced cytocompatibility, especially in the case of nanotubes with 100 nm diameter.
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály chemie MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- kyslík chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nanotrubičky chemie mikrobiologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- osteoblasty cytologie MeSH
- peroxid vodíku chemie MeSH
- plazmové plyny chemie MeSH
- povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
- sterilizace přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- testování materiálů MeSH
- titan chemie MeSH
- ultrafialové záření MeSH
- viabilita buněk MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The present study reports on a comprehensive investigation of mechanisms of in vitro cytotoxicity of high aspect ratio (HAR) bundles formed from anodic TiO2 nanotube (TNT) layers. Comparative cytotoxicity studies were performed using two types of HAR TNTs (diameter of ∼110 nm), differing in initial thickness of the nanotubular layer (∼35 μm for TNTs-1 vs. ∼10 μm for TNTs-2). Using two types of epithelial cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HEK-293), it was found that nanotoxicity is highly cell-type dependent and plausibly associates with higher membrane fluidity and decreased rigidity of cancer cells enabling penetration of TNTs to the cell membrane towards disruption of membrane integrity and reorganization of cytoskeletal network. Upon penetration, TNTs dysregulated redox homeostasis followed by DNA fragmentation and apoptotic/necrotic cell death. Both TNTs exhibited haemolytic activity and rapidly activated polarization of RAW 264.7 macrophages. Throughout the whole study, TNTs-2 possessing a lower aspect ratio manifested significantly higher cytotoxic effects. Taken together, this is the first report comprehensively investigating the mechanisms underlying the nanotoxicity of bundles formed from self-organised 1-D anodic TNT layers. Except for description of nanotoxicity of industrially-interesting nanomaterials, the delineation of the nanotoxicity paradigm in cancer cells could serve as solid basis for future efforts in rational engineering of TNTs towards selective anticancer nanomedicine.
- MeSH
- apoptóza účinky léků MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- fragmentace DNA MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nanotrubičky toxicita MeSH
- nekróza chemicky indukované MeSH
- peroxidace lipidů MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- titan toxicita MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
TiO2-based nanomaterials have attracted prodigious attention as a photocatalysts in numerous fields of applications. In this thematic issue, the mechanism behind the photocatalytic activity of nano-TiO2 as well as the critical properties have been reviewed in details. The synthesis routes and the variables that affect the size and crystallinity of nano-TiO2 have also been discussed in detail. Moreover, a newly emerged class of color TiO2, TiO2 in aerogel form, nanotubes form, doped and undoped form, and other forms of TiO2 have been discussed in details. Photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications and the type of nano-TiO2 that is more suitable for these applications have been discussed in this review.
In the field of orthopedic or dental implants, titanium and its alloys are most commonly used because of their excellent mechanical and corrosion properties and good biocompatibility. After implantation into the patient’s body, there is a high risk of developing bacterial inflammation, which negatively affects the surrounding tissues and the implant itself. Early detection of inflammation could be done with a pH sensor. In this work, pH-sensitive systems based on TiO2-Ru and TiO2-RuO2 combinations were fabricated and investigated. As a base material, Ti-6Al-4V alloy nanostructured by anodic oxidation was used. Ruthenium was successfully deposited on nanotubular TiO2 using cyclic polarization, galvanostatic and potentiostatic mode. Potentiostatic mode proved to be the most suitable. The selected samples were oxidized by cyclic polarization to form a TiO2-RuO2 system. The success of the oxidation was confirmed by XPS analysis. The electrochemical response of the systems to pH change was measured in saline solution using different techniques. The measurement of open circuit potential showed that unoxidized samples (TiO2-Ru) exhibited sub-Nernstian behavior (39.2 and 35.8 mV/pH). The oxidized sample (TiO2-RuO2) containing the highest amount of Ru exhibited super-Nernstian behavior (67.3 mV/pH). The Mott–Schottky analysis proved to be the best method. The use of the electrochemical impedance method can also be considered, provided that greater stability of the samples is achieved.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
In the field of orthopedic or dental implants, titanium and its alloys are most commonly used because of their excellent mechanical and corrosion properties and good biocompatibility. After implantation into the patient's body, there is a high risk of developing bacterial inflammation, which negatively affects the surrounding tissues and the implant itself. Early detection of inflammation could be done with a pH sensor. In this work, pH-sensitive systems based on TiO2-Ru and TiO2-RuO2 combinations were fabricated and investigated. As a base material, Ti-6Al-4V alloy nanostructured by anodic oxidation was used. Ruthenium was successfully deposited on nanotubular TiO2 using cyclic polarization, galvanostatic and potentiostatic mode. Potentiostatic mode proved to be the most suitable. The selected samples were oxidized by cyclic polarization to form a TiO2-RuO2 system. The success of the oxidation was confirmed by XPS analysis. The electrochemical response of the systems to pH change was measured in saline solution using different techniques. The measurement of open circuit potential showed that unoxidized samples (TiO2-Ru) exhibited sub-Nernstian behavior (39.2 and 35.8 mV/pH). The oxidized sample (TiO2-RuO2) containing the highest amount of Ru exhibited super-Nernstian behavior (67.3 mV/pH). The Mott-Schottky analysis proved to be the best method. The use of the electrochemical impedance method can also be considered, provided that greater stability of the samples is achieved.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
