• MeSH
• Bacteria izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• biodegradace MeSH
• chemické znečištění vody MeSH
• cyklohexanoly metabolismus   MeSH
• mikrobiologie vody MeSH
• mořská voda MeSH
• sladká voda MeSH

After installation and calibration of k0-assisted NAA in three Central European research institutes (AEKI-Budapest, NPI-Rez, and IJS, Ljubljana), its validation was established via the analysis of three BCR certified reference materials. The matrices of choice were: CRM 277 estuarine sediment, CRM 038 coal fly ash from pulverized coal, and CRM 101 spruce needles. For some elements, e.g. Zn, Cd, and Hg, the analyses were not only performed instrumentally (INAA), but also in the radiochemical mode (RNAA). The work was performed in the framework of a European Copernicus Project.

• MeSH
• geologické sedimenty chemie   MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí analýza   MeSH
• pevné částice MeSH
• popel uhelný MeSH
• referenční standardy MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• rostliny chemie   MeSH
• těžké kovy analýza   MeSH
• uhlík chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• validační studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Maďarsko MeSH
• Slovinsko MeSH

Hysterothylacium winteri sp. n. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) was collected from the intestine of a marine-estuarine fish, Eleginops maclovinus (Valenciennes) (Perciformes: Eleginopsidae), from Abtao in the Gulf of Ancud, Chile. Sixteen (51.6%) out of 31 fish were infected; the intensity was 1-10 (mean 4) worms/host. The new species belongs to the group of congeners possessing one double pair of postanal papillae. By possessing a lateral pair of phasmids situated near the tip of tail, H. winteri most closely resembles Hysterothylacium habena. The new species can be distinguished by the lip flanges forming broadly rounded points and the equal, short spicules (320-400 microm long) representing 0.9-1.7% of body length.

• MeSH
• hlístice anatomie a histologie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
• Perciformes parazitologie   MeSH
• střeva parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Chile MeSH

A new myxosporean species, Kudoa inornata sp. n. (Myxosporea: Multivalvulida), is described from skeletal muscles of the spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier), collected in estuarine waters along the coast of South Carolina, USA. Light microscopic and ultrastructural characters rank this species to the group of Kudoa species with simple-shaped spores. The uniqueness of the SSU and LSU rDNA sequences justifi es its status of a new species with sister relationship to Kudoa paniformis. The 100% prevalence in seatrout from four out of fi ve localities sampled and pathogenicity of K. inornata recognized in this study should motivate further screening for infections in its host, which is considered a commercially important game fi sh with a wide distribution in the Western North Atlantic.

• MeSH
• Eukaryota MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• kosterní svaly parazitologie   MeSH
• nemoci ryb parazitologie   MeSH
• protozoální infekce zvířat parazitologie   MeSH
• ryby parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH

This study was carried out in the framework of the ICON project (Integrated Assessment of Contaminant Impacts on the North Sea) (Hylland et al., 2015) and aimed (1) to evaluate the toxicity of marine sediments using a battery of rapid toxicity bioassays, and; (2) to explore the applicability and data interpretation of in vitro toxicity profiling of sediment extracts obtained from ex situ passive sampling. Sediment samples were collected at 12 selected (estuarine, coastal, offshore) sites in the North Sea, Icelandic waters (as reference sites), south-western Baltic Sea and western Mediterranean during autumn 2008. Organic extracts using a mild non-destructive clean-up procedure were prepared from total sediment and silicone passive samplers and tested with five in vitro bioassays: DR-Luc bioassay, ER-Luc bioassay, AR-EcoScreen bioassay, transthyretin (TTR) binding assay, and Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence bioassay. In vitro toxicity profiling of total sediment and silicone passive sampler extracts showed the presence of multiple organic contaminations by arylhydrocarbon receptor agonists (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and endocrine-active compounds, as well as non-specific toxicity caused by organic contaminants, at virtually all sampling sites. In vitro responses to total sediment extracts from coastal/estuarine sites were significantly different from those in offshore sites (p < 0.05). Several bioassays of passive sampler extracts showed highest activity in some offshore sediment samples. Impact on embryogenesis success and larval growth in undiluted sediment elutriates was shown at some sites using the in vivo sea urchin embryo test. The observed toxicity profiles could only partially be explained by the chemical target analysis, indicating the presence of unknown or unanalysed biologically-active compounds in the sediments. In vitro bioassay testing with silicone passive sampler extracts of sediments is a promising tool to assess the toxic potency of the bioavailable fraction of hydrophobic sediment contaminants, but further work will be needed before it can be routinely applied for sediment quality assessment.

• MeSH
• Aliivibrio fischeri MeSH
• biotest MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu toxicita   MeSH
• geologické sedimenty chemie   MeSH
• ježovky MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky toxicita   MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků MeSH
• testy toxicity metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Severní moře MeSH

Myxosporean infections that we diagnosed frequently in the urinary tract of Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier, 1830) and Cynoscion regalis (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Sciaenidae) collected in the estuarine systems of SC, USA, are described together with their etiological agent. Based on the morphology of spores and plasmodial stages, we identified the agent, in both fish host species, as Sinuolinea dimorpha (Davis, 1916), which is the type species of the genus. Based on sequences of SSU rDNA generated in this study from type host material, this species of SinuolineaDavis, 1917 has found its place in the current phylogenetic reconstruction of Myxozoa and enlarged the limited number of myxosporean genera represented in phylogenetic analyses by sequences of type species. Sequences of SSU rDNA of S. dimorpha from Cynoscion host species formed two clusters, irrespective of their host species, and also revealed differences within each cluster. These findings contribute to the acknowledgement of myxosporean cryptic species diversity, an important topic that emphasizes the general necessity of species delimitation and of continued effort to improve our knowledge of Myxosporea based on both morphology of spores and molecular data.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Marine oomycetes have recently been shown to be concurrently infected by (-)ssRNA viruses of the order Bunyavirales. In this work, even higher virus variability was found in a single isolate of Phytophthora condilina, a recently described member of Phytophthora phylogenetic Clade 6a, which was isolated from brackish estuarine waters in southern Portugal. Using total and small RNA-seq the full RdRp of 13 different potential novel bunya-like viruses and two complete toti-like viruses were detected. All these viruses were successfully confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using total RNA as template, but complementarily one of the toti-like and five of the bunya-like viruses were confirmed when dsRNA was purified for RT-PCR. In our study, total RNA-seq was by far more efficient for de novo assembling of the virus sequencing but small RNA-seq showed higher read numbers for most viruses. Two main populations of small RNAs (21 nts and 25 nts-long) were identified, which were in accordance with other Phytophthora species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study using small RNA sequencing to identify viruses in Phytophthora spp.

• MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• genom virový MeSH
• malá nekódující RNA genetika   MeSH
• otevřené čtecí rámce MeSH
• Phytophthora virologie   MeSH
• RNA virová genetika   MeSH
• RNA-viry klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• sekvenční analýza RNA * MeSH
• sekvenování transkriptomu MeSH
• virové nemoci virologie   MeSH
• výpočetní biologie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Portugalsko MeSH

The freely dissolved concentration (C(w,0)) in the pore water and the accessible (releasable) concentration in the sediment (C(as,0)) are important parameters for risk assessment. These parameters were determined by equilibrating contaminated sediments and passive samplers using largely differing sampler–sediment ratios. This method is based on the principle that incubations at low sampler/sediment ratios yield the concentration in the pore water (minor depletion of the sediment phase) and incubations at high sampler/sediment ratios yield the accessible concentration in the sediment (maximum depletion of the sediment phase). It is shown that equilibration was faster in dense suspensions and at high sampler/sediment ratios when compared to low sampler/sediment ratios. An equilibrium distribution model was used to estimate C(w,0) and C(as,0) by nonlinear least-squares regression. The method was evaluated for three sediments (harbor, estuarine, marine). Accessible concentrations of 13 PAHs were 2 (low K(ow)) to 10 (high K(ow)) times lower than the total concentrations (three sediments). By contrast, the accessible concentrations of 15 PCBs were about 1.2 times lower than the total concentrations and displayed no trend with K(ow) (one sediment). Implications for risk assessment and considerations for application of multi-ratio equilibrium passive sampling with other sediments are discussed.

• MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   MeSH
• geologické sedimenty analýza   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• polychlorované bifenyly analýza   MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky analýza   MeSH
• poréznost MeSH
• teoretické modely MeSH
• uhlík analýza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Vibrio spp. sú gramnegatívne tyčinkovité baktérie, prirodzene sa vyskytujúce v morskej, brakickej i sladkej vode. Niektoré druhy môžu spôsobovať ochorenia ľudí. V publikácii prezentujeme štúdiu výskytu Vibrio spp. v 20 umelých rekreačných bazénoch na Slovensku. Vzorky vôd boli odoberané z umelých bazénov, plnených mineralizovanou termálnou vodou, v deviatich rekreačných oblastiach na Slovensku, v rokoch 2019 a 2020. Vibrio spp. bolo izolované v 96 zo 176 vzoriek vôd. Spolu bolo izolovaných 118 rôznych kmeňov vibrií, z ktorých 77 patrilo k niektorému z potenciálne patogénnych druhov – V. cholerae (34 izolátov), V. vulnificus (4 izoláty), V. furnissii (3 izoláty), V. fluvialis (25 izolátov), V. alginolyticus (10 izolátov) and V. mimicus (1 izolát). Táto štúdia je, podľa našich informácií, prvou vo svete, dokumentujúcou prítomnosť patogénnych alebo potenciálne patogénnych Vibrio spp. v umelých bazénoch s chlórovou dezinfekciou, plnených termálnou mineralizovanou vodou.

Vibrio spp. are Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria commonly present in marine, estuarine and natural freshwater environments. A few members of this genus are associated with human diseases. Here we present the study of Vibrio spp. isolations from 20 artificial recreational pools in Slovakia. Water samples were collected from artificial pools filled with mineralized thermal water in eight recreational areas in Slovakia in 2019 and 2020. Ninety six out of 176 samples were positive for Vibrio spp. Totally 118 different strains of Vibrio spp. were isolated, from which 77 belonged to potentially pathogenic species – V. cholerae (34 isolates), V. vulnificus (4 isolates), V. furnissii (3 isolates), V. fluvialis (25 isolates), V. alginolyticus (10 isolates) and V. mimicus (1 isolate). To our knowledge this is the first study demonstrating the presence of pathogenic or potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. in artificial pools filled with thermal mineralized waters even disinfected with chlorine compounds.

• MeSH
• biofilmy MeSH
• minerální vody mikrobiologie   MeSH
• plavecké bazény * MeSH
• Vibrio * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• výzkum MeSH
• znečištění vody * MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

Gaseous exchange fluxes of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) across the air-water interface of the coastal East China Sea were determined in order to assess whether the contaminated plume of the Yangtze River could be an important regional source of OCPs to the atmosphere. Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) were the most frequently detected OCPs in air and water. Air-water exchange was mainly characterized by net volatilization for all measured OCPs. The net gaseous exchange flux ranged 10-240 ng/(m2·day) for γ-HCH, 60-370 ng/(m2·day) for trans-CHL, 97-410 ng/(m2·day) for cis-CHL, and ∼0 (e.g., equilibrium) to 490 ng/(m2·day) for p,p'-DDE. We found that the plume of the large contaminated river can serve as a significant regional secondary atmospheric source of legacy contaminants released in the catchment. In particular, the sediment plume represented the relevant source of DDT compounds (especially p,p'-DDE) sustaining net degassing when clean air masses from the open ocean reached the plume area. In contrast, a mass balance showed that, for HCHs, contaminated river discharge (water and sediment) plumes were capable of sustaining volatilization throughout the year. These results demonstrate the inconsistencies in the fate of HCHs and DDTs in this large estuarine system with declining primary sources.

• MeSH
• atmosféra chemie   MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   MeSH
• chlorované uhlovodíky analýza   MeSH
• dichlordifenyldichlorethylen analýza   MeSH
• geologické sedimenty chemie   MeSH
• hexachlorcyklohexan analýza   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• mořská voda chemie   MeSH
• pesticidy analýza   MeSH
• řeky chemie   MeSH
• vzduch * MeSH
• zeměpis MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH