• MeSH
• Bacteria účinky léků   MeSH
• fagocytóza účinky záření   MeSH
• fagocyty účinky léků   MeSH
• interferony MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH

A collection of asbtracts of papers presented at a forum that focused on host pathogen interaction. Also contains the program of the meeting. Intended for professional public.

• MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita MeSH
• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH
• kongresy MeSH
• programy MeSH
• sborníky MeSH
• zprávy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• infekční lékařství

• MeSH
• imunitní systém účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• imunologické techniky MeSH
• imunoterapie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kongresy MeSH
• sborníky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• alergologie a imunologie
• biologie

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• alergologie a imunologie

• MeSH
• játra metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polytrauma MeSH
• proteiny akutní fáze biosyntéza   krev   MeSH
• sepse metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• alergologie a imunologie
• infekční lékařství

In the past decade, single-cell transcriptomics has helped to uncover new cell types and states and led to the construction of a cellular compendium of health and disease. Despite this progress, some difficult-to-sequence cells remain absent from tissue atlases. Eosinophils-elusive granulocytes that are implicated in a plethora of human pathologies1-5-are among these uncharted cell types. The heterogeneity of eosinophils and the gene programs that underpin their pleiotropic functions remain poorly understood. Here we provide a comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic profiling of mouse eosinophils. We identify an active and a basal population of intestinal eosinophils, which differ in their transcriptome, surface proteome and spatial localization. By means of a genome-wide CRISPR inhibition screen and functional assays, we reveal a mechanism by which interleukin-33 (IL-33) and interferon-γ (IFNγ) induce the accumulation of active eosinophils in the inflamed colon. Active eosinophils are endowed with bactericidal and T cell regulatory activity, and express the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and PD-L1. Notably, active eosinophils are enriched in the lamina propria of a small cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, and are closely associated with CD4+ T cells. Our findings provide insights into the biology of eosinophils and highlight the crucial contribution of this cell type to intestinal homeostasis, immune regulation and host defence. Furthermore, we lay a framework for the characterization of eosinophils in human gastrointestinal diseases.

• MeSH
• analýza genové exprese jednotlivých buněk MeSH
• antigeny CD80 metabolismus   MeSH
• eozinofily * klasifikace   cytologie   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• idiopatické střevní záněty imunologie   MeSH
• imunita * MeSH
• interferon gama MeSH
• interleukin 33 MeSH
• kolitida * imunologie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• proteom MeSH
• střeva * imunologie   patologie   MeSH
• T-lymfocyty MeSH
• transkriptom MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• mediátory zánětu MeSH
• Publikační typ
• sborníky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• alergologie a imunologie

Changes of the immune system can be a consequence of an underlying malignancy or induced by antineoplastic treatment. Both influence the risk for infectious complications and relapse. Over the past decade, there have been a series of major developments in the laboratory assessment of immune dysfunction, particularly as it relates to the complex interactions of the distinct components of the immune system. In addition, several new therapeutic strategies that modulate the immune system have been introduced. We review new findings that can affect clinical decision making. Better insights into the impairment of host response could provide the rationale for the development of new therapeutic strategies, for both supportive care and anticancer treatment.

• MeSH
• buňky NK fyziologie   imunologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• cytotoxiny farmakologie   imunologie   MeSH
• dendrity fyziologie   imunologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• fagocyty fyziologie   imunologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• imunoterapie metody   trendy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory imunologie   terapie   MeSH
• protinádorové látky farmakologie   imunologie   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• T-lymfocyty fyziologie   imunologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Lymnaea stagnalis is a common freshwater gastropod. Importantly, the snail serves as the intermediate host for more than one hundred species of digenetic trematodes, including the avian schistosome Trichobilharzia szidati, a causative agent of cercarial dermatitis in humans. Infection of L. stagnalis by T. szidati initiates a dynamic confrontation between the host and the parasite that culminates in immunocompatibility ensuring survival and development of larvae. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms determining this immunocompatibility remain poorly characterised. By employing a variety of immune elicitors, including chemical compounds, PAMPs and bacteria, research in the last two decades has elucidated some of the molecular processes that regulate the snail internal defence response such as haemocyte signalling pathways. These discoveries provide a framework for future studies of molecular interactions between T. szidati and L. stagnalis to help elucidate factors and mechanisms enabling transmission of schistosome parasites. Moreover, support from recently available next generation sequence data and CRISPR-enabled functional genomics should further enable L. stagnalis as an important model for comparative immunology and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of immune functions in gastropod molluscs.

• MeSH
• hemocyty imunologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• imunomodulace MeSH
• infekce červy třídy Trematoda parazitologie   přenos   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Lymnaea imunologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• Schistosomatidae fyziologie   MeSH
• signální transdukce imunologie   MeSH
• stadia vývoje MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH