AIM: To utilize three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometry for visualization of the level of facial asymmetry in patients with the oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three-dimensional facial scans of 25 Czech patients with OAVS were processed. The patients were divided into subgroups according to Pruzansky classification. For 13 of them, second 3D facial scans were obtained. The 3D facial scans were processed using geometric morphometry. Soft tissue facial asymmetry in the sagittal plane and its changes in two time spots were visualized using colour-coded maps with a thermometre-like scale. RESULTS: Individual facial asymmetry was visualized in all patients as well as the mean facial asymmetry for every Pruzansky subgroup. The mean colour-coded maps of type I and type IIA subgroups showed no differences in facial asymmetry, more pronounced asymmetry in the middle and the lower facial third was found between type IIA and type IIB (maximum 1.5 mm) and between type IIB and type III (maximum 2 mm). The degree of intensity facial asymmetry in affected middle and lower facial thirds did not change distinctly during the two time spots in all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The 3D geometric morphometry in OAVS patients could be a useful tool for objective facial asymmetry assessment in patients with OAVS. The calculated colour-coded maps are illustrative and useful for clinical evaluation.
- MeSH
- Facial Asymmetry * diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Goldenhar Syndrome * diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Cephalometry methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Face anatomy & histology diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional * methods MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Úvod a cíl práce: Okulo-aurikulo-vertebrální spektrum (OAVS) je vrozený komplex malformací s extrémně variabilním fenotypem. Jsou postiženy jednostranně obličejové struktury vznikající během embryonálního vývoje z prvního a druhého žaberního oblouku a zasahující první žaberní váček, první žaberní štěrbinu a základ temporální kosti. Cílem předkládané práce je seznámit čtenáře s klinickým obrazem onemocnění, jehož nejnápadnějším projevem je faciální asymetrie provázená řadou funkčních poruch, a dále představit neinvazivní vyšetřovací metody 3D morfometrie, která umožňuje systematické sledování a vyhodnocování rozvoje a rozsahu morfologické deviace a asymetrie obličeje. Metoda: U šesti pacientů (ve věkovém rozmezí od šesti do 15 let; 5 , 1 ) s okulo-aurikulo-vertebrálním spektrem bylo vytvořeno přesné geometrické 3D zobrazení obličeje pacientů optickou metodou – stereofotogrammetrií. Pomocí metody CPD-DCA (coherent point drift – dense correspondence analysis) byla provedena vzájemná registrace faciálních modelů. U každého pacienta byl zkonstruován dokonale symetrický obličej. Rozdíly mezi konstruovaným symetrickým obličejem a skutečným obličejem byly znázorněny pomocí barevné mapy. Takto zobrazené individuální asymetrie pacientů byly kvantitativně zpracovány a analyzovány v časovém rozpětí 9–23 měsíců. Výsledky: Prokázaly se pouze malé rozdíly ve změně asymetrie obličeje pacientů s OAVS, což svědčí o nevýznamné dynamice rozvoje faciálních malformací u pacientů s tímto onemocněním. Nenašli jsme závislost mezi změnami reliéfu obličeje a věkem pacienta během sledovaného období. Taktéž nebyla nalezena korelace mezi závažností vady a rozvojem asymetrie. Oproti předpokladům se nepotvrdilo významné zhoršování morfologie obličeje u rostoucích pacientů s OAVS, což umožňuje uspokojivou kompenzaci vady včasnou ortodontickou léčbou. Neinvazivní 3D morfometrické vyšetření obličeje je optimální metodou pro sledování vývoje obličejových asymetrií.
Introduction and aim: Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) is a congenital complex of extremely variable phenotypes. Typically, unilaterally aff ected structures are facial structures developing from the fi rst and second branchial arches and fi rst pharyngeal pouch and fi rst branchial cleft and the basis of temporal bone. The aim is to introduce the clinical conditions of the disease whose facial asymmetry is accompanied by a number of functional disorders. Moreover, it presents non-invasive 3D morphometry, that enables evaluation of the morphological deviation of the aff ected area. Methods: An accurate geometric 3D image of the patient's face was created by the optical method – stereophotogrammetry in six patients (age from 6 to 15; 5 , 1 ) with OAVS. Using the construction of dense correspondence mapping by CPD-DCA (coherent point drift – dense correspondence analysis) method between facial meshes, model registration were performed. A perfectly symmetrical face was constructed for each patient. The diff erences between the constructed symmetrical face and the real patient's face were shown using a color map. The individual asymmetry thus displayed was quantitatively processed and analyzed over a period of nine to 23 months. Results: Only minor differences in facial asymmetry of OAVS patients have been demonstrated, suggesting an insignificant dynamics in the development of facial malformations in patients with this disease. We did not find a dependence between face relief changes and patient age during the reference period. There was also no correlation between the severity of the defect and the development of asymmetry. Conclusion: Significant worsening of facial morphology in growing OAVS patients has not been confirmed as supposed. That allows satisfactory compensation of defects by early orthodontic treatment. Non-invasive 3D morphometric facial scanning is an optimal method for monitoring the development of facial asymmetries.
- Keywords
- 3D morfometrie, morfometrie,
- MeSH
- Facial Asymmetry diagnostic imaging physiopathology MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Goldenhar Syndrome * history diagnostic imaging physiopathology MeSH
- Clinical Studies as Topic MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Abnormalities, Multiple diagnostic imaging physiopathology MeSH
- Face abnormalities diagnostic imaging MeSH
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional methods MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- MeSH
- Jaw Abnormalities * diagnostic imaging etiology MeSH
- Tooth Abnormalities * diagnostic imaging diagnosis etiology MeSH
- Facial Asymmetry diagnostic imaging physiopathology MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging methods MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Face diagnostic imaging physiopathology MeSH
- Congenital Abnormalities MeSH
- Research MeSH
- Tooth * growth & development MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
... 242 -- Pallister-Hall Syndrome 244 -- Gómez-López-Hernández Syndrome 246 -- Х-Linked Hydrocephalus Spectrum ... ... -- Mycophenolate Mofetil Embryopathy 746 -- Fetal Varicella Syndrome 748 -- Hyperthermia-Induced Spectrum ... ... Anencephaly, Iniencephaly Sequences 804 -- Occult Spinal Dysraphism Sequence 806 -- V Spectra of Defects -- Oculo-Auriculo-Vertebral ... ... Spectrum 832 -- Oromandibular-Limb Hypogenesis Spectrum 836 Congenital Microgastria-Limb Reduction - ... ... - Complex 838 -- Sternal Malformation-Vascular Dysplasia -- Spectrum 840 -- Monozygotic Twinning and ...
7th ed. xiv, 998 s. : il. ; 27 cm
- MeSH
- Genetic Diseases, Inborn diagnosis etiology genetics classification MeSH
- Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities diagnosis etiology genetics classification MeSH
- Conspectus
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NML Fields
- genetika, lékařská genetika
- embryologie a teratologie
- NML Publication type
- kolektivní monografie