AIM: Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are predominantly detected in pulmonary adenocarcinoma and have been reported in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) for decades. This retrospective single-center study aimed to determine the frequency and types of EGFR mutations in SCLC in Taiwan. METHODS: This study comprises a consecutive cohort of 161 patients histologically diagnosed with SCLC between January 1992 and August 2014 at the Department of Pathology in Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections from 71 patients were eligible for molecular analysis. EGFR mutation analysis was performed using a fully-automated IdyllaTM EGFR Mutation Test and confirmed a comparable result through Qiagen Therascreen® EGFR RGQ PCR. In addition, EGFR gene copy number was assessed in EGFR-mutated tumors by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULTS: Mutational status of the EGFR gene was successfully analyzed in 63 specimens by both IdyllaTM and Qiagen platforms. Both methods detected L858R point mutation in exon 21 in an 81-year-old female and a 47-year-old male non-smoker. Both tumors show no concurrent EGFR gene amplification. The overall agreement between results obtained with the IdyllaTM EGFR Mutation Test and Qiagen Therascreen® EGFR RGQ PCR was 100% Conclusions. Our results showed that EGFR mutation is a rare mutation type in a consecutive series of de novo SCLC. Furthermore, the performance of IdyllaTM EGFR Mutation Test and Qiagen Therascreen® EGFR RGQ PCR on archived paraffin sections of limited quantities is available with the high agreement of results.
- MeSH
- erbB receptory genetika MeSH
- formaldehyd MeSH
- hybridizace in situ fluorescenční MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- malobuněčný karcinom plic * genetika MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA metody MeSH
- nádory plic * diagnóza MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic * diagnóza MeSH
- parafín MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- MeSH
- alely MeSH
- bcr-abl fúzové proteiny genetika MeSH
- chemorezistence genetika MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie farmakoterapie genetika patologie MeSH
- inhibitory proteinkinas farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace * MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA metody MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta (HNF1B) is a transcription factor which plays a crucial role in nephronogenesis, and its germline mutations have been associated with kidney developmental disorders. However, the effects of HNF1B somatic exonic mutations and its role in the pathogenesis of kidney tumours has not yet been elucidated. Depending on the type of the tumour HNF1B may act as a tumour suppressor or oncogene, although the exact mechanism by which HNF1B participates in the process of cancerogenesis is unknown. Using an immunohistochemical approach, and methylation and mutation analysis, we have investigated the expression, epigenetic, and genetic changes of HNF1B in 130 cases of renal tumours (121 renal cell carcinomas, 9 oncocytomas). In the subset of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), decreased HNF1B expression was associated with a higher tumour grade and higher T stage. The mutation analysis revealed no mutations in the analysed samples. Promoter methylation was detected in two ccRCCs and one oncocytoma. The results of our work on a limited sample set suggest that while in papillary renal cell carcinoma HNF1B functions as an oncogene, in ccRCC and chRCC it may act in a tumour suppressive fashion.
- MeSH
- epigeneze genetická genetika MeSH
- epigenomika metody MeSH
- hepatocytární jaderný faktor 1-beta genetika MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk genetika patologie MeSH
- ledviny patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA metody MeSH
- nádory ledvin genetika patologie MeSH
- promotorové oblasti (genetika) genetika MeSH
- zárodečné mutace genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
ALK-fused spitzoid neoplasms represent a distinctive group of melanocytic lesions. To date, few studies addressed genetic and chromosomal alterations in these lesions beyond the ALK rearrangements. Our objective was to study genetic alterations, including ALK gene fusions, telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERT-p) mutations, chromosomal copy number changes, and mutations in other genes. We investigated 29 cases of Spitz lesions (11 Spitz nevi and 18 atypical Spitz tumors), all of which were ALK immunopositive. There were 16 female and 13 male patients, with age ranging from 1 to 43 years (mean, 18.4 years). The most common location was the lower extremity. Microscopically, all neoplasms were polypoid or dome shaped with a plexiform, predominantly dermally located proliferation of fusiform to spindled melanocytes with mild to moderate pleomorphism. The break-apart test for ALK was positive in 17 of 19 studied cases. ALK fusions were detected in 23 of 26 analyzable cases by Archer FusionPlex Solid Tumor Kit. In addition to the previously described rearrangements, 3 novel fusions, namely, KANK1-ALK, MYO5A-ALK, and EEF2-ALK, were found. Fluorescence in situ hybridization for copy number changes yielded one case with the loss of RREB1 among 21 studied cases. TERT-p hotspot mutation was found in 1 of 23 lesions. The mutation analysis of 271 cancer-related genes using Human Comprehensive Cancer Panel was performed in 4 cases and identified in each case mutations in several genes with unknown significance, except for a pathogenic variant in the BLM gene. Our study confirms that most ALK fusion spitzoid neoplasms can be classified as atypical Spitz tumors, which occurs in young patients with acral predilection and extends the spectrum of ALK fusions in spitzoid lesions, including 3 hitherto unreported fusions. TERT-p mutations and chromosomal copy number changes involving 6p25 (RRB1), 11q13 (CCND1), 6p23 (MYB), 9p21 (CDKN2A), and 8q24 (MYC) are rare in these lesions. The significance of mutation in other genes remains unknown.
- MeSH
- anaplastická lymfomová kináza genetika MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- epiteloidní a vřetenobuněčný névus genetika patologie MeSH
- fúzní onkogenní proteiny genetika MeSH
- hybridizace in situ fluorescenční MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA metody MeSH
- nádory kůže genetika patologie MeSH
- onkogenní fúze genetika MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- promotorové oblasti (genetika) genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- telomerasa genetika MeSH
- variabilita počtu kopií segmentů DNA MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
PURPOSE: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant life-threatening disease characterized by low levels of C1 inhibitor (type I HAE) or normal levels of ineffective C1 inhibitor (type II HAE), typically occurring as a consequence of a SERPING1 mutation. In some cases, a causal mutation remains undetected after using a standard molecular genetic analysis. RESULTS: Here we show a long methodological way to the final discovery of c.1029 + 384A > G, a novel deep intronic mutation in intron 6 which is responsible for HAE type I in a large family and has not been identified by a conventional diagnostic approach. This mutation results in de novo donor splice site creation and subsequent pseudoexon inclusion, the mechanism firstly described to occur in SERPING1 in this study. We additionally discovered that the proximal part of intron 6 is a region potentially prone to pseudoexon-activating mutations, since natural alternative exons and additional cryptic sites occur therein. Indeed, we confirmed the existence of at least two different alternative exons in this region not described previously. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our results suggest that detecting aberrant transcripts, which are often low abundant because of nonsense-mediated decay, requires a modified methodological approach. We suggest SERPING1 intron 6 sequencing and/or tailored mRNA analysis to be routinely used in HAE patients with no mutation identified in the coding sequence.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- exony genetika MeSH
- hereditární angioedém, typy I a II genetika MeSH
- inhibiční protein komplementu C1 genetika MeSH
- introny genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- místa sestřihu RNA genetika MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mutace genetika MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA metody MeSH
- rodokmen MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- splicing proteinů genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- fraktury kostí epidemiologie etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- kolagen typu I genetika MeSH
- kyselina zoledronová farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA metody MeSH
- osteogenesis imperfecta diagnóza farmakoterapie genetika MeSH
- poruchy růstu * diagnóza genetika vrozené MeSH
- růstový hormon aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Dědičná svalová onemocnění jsou vzácná onemocnění vyznačující se velkou klinickou a genetickou heterogenitou. Rozvoj molekulárně genetických metod, zejm. masivní paralelní sekvenace, vede k rozšíření znalostí o jejich genetických příčinách a etiopatogenezi, což umožňuje predikci průběhu onemocnění, event. jeho cílenou léčbu.
Hereditary neuromuscular diseases are rare diseases characterised by large clinical and genetic heterogeneity. The progress in molecular genetic methods especially massive parallel sequencing leads to increase knowledge of their genetic causes and etiopathogenesis that enables the prediction of clinical course or the using of targeted therapy.
- MeSH
- facioskapulohumerální svalová dystrofie diagnóza genetika MeSH
- genetické nemoci vrozené * diagnóza genetika MeSH
- genetické testování * metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA metody MeSH
- myotonická dystrofie diagnóza genetika MeSH
- myotonické poruchy diagnóza genetika MeSH
- nemoci svalů diagnóza genetika MeSH
- neuromuskulární nemoci diagnóza genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA metody MeSH
- svalové dystrofie * diagnóza genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) represents a prototype disease in which TP53 gene defects lead to inferior prognosis. Here, we present two distinct methodologies which can be used to identify TP53 mutations in CLL patients; both protocols are primarily intended for research purposes. The functional analysis of separated alleles in yeast (FASAY) can be flexibly adapted to a variable number of samples and provides an immediate functional readout of identified mutations. Amplicon-based next-generation sequencing then allows for a high throughput and accurately detects subclonal TP53 variants (sensitivity <1% of mutated cells).
- MeSH
- alely MeSH
- chronická lymfatická leukemie krev genetika patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- nádorové cirkulující buňky patologie MeSH
- nádorový supresorový protein p53 genetika MeSH
- reportérové geny genetika MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetika MeSH
- transfekce přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
