A copper(II) tetrapyrazole-based complex of the composition of [Cu(tpyr)(H2O)(ONO2)]NO3 (1), where tpyr represents a tetradentate N-donor ligand formed by the condensation of 1H-pyrazole-5-carbaldehyde in NaOH/MeOH medium, has been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, electron paramagnetic resonance and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Spectrophotometric measurements demonstrated a remarkable peroxidase activity of the complex, which utilized hydrogen peroxide for the oxidation of phenolic compounds such as guaiacol or 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzene sulfonic acid. The optimum conditions for this reaction were found at pH 8 in ammonium bicarbonate buffer, although the activity was low but still detectable at pH 5-6 in ammonium acetate. As a peroxidase mimic, the complex exhibited enzyme-like Michaelis-Menten kinetics, showing a hyperbolic dependence of the reaction rate on hydrogen peroxide concentration. The determined Km and kcat values were 651 μmol·l-1 and 6.7 × 10-4 s-1, respectively, compared to 41 μmol·l-1 and 73 s-1 for horseradish peroxidase. EPR spectroscopy of the reaction mixture revealed no change in the copper (II) oxidation state during catalysis, suggesting that the oxidation of guaiacol may occur simultaneously with the reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water at the copper centre.
- Klíčová slova
- Copper(II), Crystal structure, MALDI-TOF, Peroxidase activity, Tetrapyrazole, XPS,
- MeSH
- biomimetické materiály * chemie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- komplexní sloučeniny * chemie chemická syntéza MeSH
- krystalografie rentgenová MeSH
- měď * chemie MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- peroxid vodíku chemie MeSH
- peroxidasa * chemie MeSH
- pyrazoly * chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- komplexní sloučeniny * MeSH
- měď * MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
- peroxidasa * MeSH
- pyrazoly * MeSH
Plasma-activated water (PAW) has been shown to have antimicrobial properties, making it a promising tool for surface decontamination. This study evaluated the ability of PAW generated from high voltage atmospheric cold plasma to remove Salmonella from common surfaces (stainless steel (SS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), concrete, and wood) found in poultry houses. PAW was generated by exposing distilled water to atmospheric cold plasma in 80% humid air at 90 kV and 60 Hz for 30 min. The resulting PAW contained 1120 ppm of nitrate and 1370 ppm of hydrogen peroxide, with a pH of 1.83. PAW was then applied to coupons of SS, PVC, wood, and concrete surfaces inoculated with 7-8 log10 CFU of cocktail of Salmonella spp. (S. Typhimurium, S. Newport, S. Montevideo, and S. Enteritidis). PAW effectively reduced Salmonella levels on SS and PVC surfaces to below the detection limit within 30 s. On wood surfaces, a longer treatment time of 7.5 min was required to achieve a maximum reduction of 2.63 log10 CFU, likely due to the porosity of the wood limiting PAW contact with the bacteria. On concrete surfaces, the reduction in Salmonella levels was only 0.98 log10 CFU. This was likely due to the greater surface roughness and high alkalinity, which neutralized the PAW species.
- Klíčová slova
- Cold plasma, Decontamination, Plasma-activated water, Poultry house, Salmonella spp,
- MeSH
- bydlení zvířat * MeSH
- dekontaminace * metody MeSH
- dezinficiencia farmakologie MeSH
- dřevo mikrobiologie chemie MeSH
- drůbež * mikrobiologie MeSH
- konstrukční materiály mikrobiologie MeSH
- nerezavějící ocel MeSH
- peroxid vodíku farmakologie MeSH
- plazmové plyny * farmakologie MeSH
- počet mikrobiálních kolonií MeSH
- polyvinylchlorid chemie MeSH
- Salmonella * růst a vývoj MeSH
- voda * chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- dezinficiencia MeSH
- nerezavějící ocel MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
- plazmové plyny * MeSH
- polyvinylchlorid MeSH
- voda * MeSH
Silymarin is an extract obtained from the seeds of milk thistle (Sylibum marianum L., Asteraceae) and contains several structurally related flavonolignans and a small family of flavonoids. Mouse spleen cells represent highly sensitive primary cells suitable for studying the pharmacological potential and biofunctional properties of natural substances. Cultivation of splenocytes for 24 h under standard culture conditions (humidity, 37 °C, 5% CO2, atmospheric oxygen) resulted in decreased viability of splenocytes compared to intact cells. A cytoprotective effect of silybin (SB), silychristin (SCH) and 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHSB) was observed at concentrations as low as 5 µmol/ml. At 50 µmol/ml, these substances restored and/or stimulated viability and mitochondrial membrane potential and had anti-apoptotic effect in the order SB > DHSB > SCH. The substances demonstrated a concentration-dependent activity in restoring the redox balance based on the changes in the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide. This was in the order DHSB > SCH > SB, which correlated with the suppressed expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The strong stimulation of the superoxide dismutase 1 gene converting ROS to H2O2 points to its dominant role in the maintaining redox homeostasis in splenocytes, which was disrupted by oxidative stress due to non-physiological culture conditions. Our study showed significant differences in the cytoprotective, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities of SB, SCH, and DHSB on splenocytes exposed to mild and AAPH-induced oxidative stress.
- Klíčová slova
- 2,3-dehydrosilybin, Apoptosis, Mouse splenocytes, Redox balance, Silybin, Silychristin, Viability,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia * farmakologie MeSH
- apoptóza * účinky léků MeSH
- cytoprotekce účinky léků MeSH
- membránový potenciál mitochondrií účinky léků MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C * MeSH
- myši MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky léků MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- silibinin * farmakologie MeSH
- silymarin * farmakologie MeSH
- slezina * cytologie účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia * MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
- silibinin * MeSH
- silychristin MeSH Prohlížeč
- silymarin * MeSH
Oxidative stress is a biological principle affecting all life on Earth and is also an important factor in the pathogen-host relationship. The pathogenic free-living amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii has several pathways to cope with reactive oxygen species and the damage that they cause. In this study, we aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the amoeba's response to different sources of oxidative stress. Using whole-cell proteomic analysis, we obtained a complex picture of the changes in the proteome and identified potential key players in the defense against oxidative stress. Importantly, from the differential proteomics analysis, we identified a candidate efflux pump that may be involved in Acanthamoeba drug resistance.
- Klíčová slova
- ABC transporter, Acanthamoeba, ROS, oxidative stress, proteomics,
- MeSH
- Acanthamoeba castellanii * metabolismus MeSH
- oxidační stres * MeSH
- peroxid vodíku metabolismus MeSH
- proteom * metabolismus analýza MeSH
- proteomika * metody MeSH
- protozoální proteiny metabolismus genetika MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
- proteom * MeSH
- protozoální proteiny MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
Timely identification of highly pathogenic bacteria is crucial for efficient mitigation of the connected harmful health effects. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) of intact cells enables fast identification of the microorganisms based on their mass spectrometry protein fingerprint profiles. However, the MALDI-TOF MS examination must be preceded by a time-demanding cultivation of the native bacteria to isolate representative cell samples to obtain indicative fingerprints. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is capable of separating bacterial cells according to their isoelectric point while effectively removing other non-focusing compounds from sample matrix. In this work, we present a divergent-flow IEF chip (DF-IEF chip) fractionation as an alternative way for sample clean-up and concentration of bacterial cells to prepare samples usable for following MALDI-TOF MS analysis without the need of time-demanding cultivation. By means of DF-IEF chip method, we processed four species of highly pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus anthracis, Brucella abortus, Burkholderia mallei, and Yersinia pestis) inactivated with H2O2 vapors or by heat treatment at 62.5°C for 24 h. The DF-IEF chip method continually separated and concentrated the inactivated bacterial cells for subsequent detection using MALDI-TOF MS. The content of the inactivated bacteria in the DF-IEF chip fractions was evaluated with the MS analysis, where inactivated Y. pestis was found to be the most efficiently focusing species. Sensitivity analysis showed limits as low as 2 × 105 colony forming units per mL for inactivated B. anthracis.
- Klíčová slova
- biological agents, chip, fractionation, isoelectric focusing, pathogenic bacteria, whole cell separation,
- MeSH
- Bacteria izolace a purifikace chemie MeSH
- isoelektrická fokusace * metody MeSH
- peroxid vodíku chemie MeSH
- spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice * metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
We investigated the production of highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) in solutions undergoing treatment using CaviPlasma (CP) technology. This technology combines plasma discharge with hydrodynamic cavitation. This study focused on factors such as pH, conductivity, presence of salts and organic matter affecting ROS formation and their stability in solutions. Depending on the used matrix, CP produces 450-580 µg L-1 s-1 of hydrogen peroxide and 1.9 µg L-1 s-1 of hydroxyl radicals dissolved in liquid. Using cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins as example, we proved that CP technology is a highly efficient method for destroying microorganisms and persistent toxins. The biocidal effect of the CP treatment was confirmed on two species of cyanobacteria, Synechococcus elongatus and Merismopedia minutissima. The effectiveness of the technology in degrading microcystins was also demonstrated. The potential of this technology is based on its high energy efficiency, G(H2O2) ≈ 10 g kWh-1 and G(O3) ≈ 0.03 g kWh-1 (in deionised water), realistic applicability with throughput rates (> 1 m3 h-1), and comparatively easy scalability system.
- Klíčová slova
- Cyanobacteria, Electric discharge, Hydrodynamic cavitation, Microcystins, Plasma-treated liquid, Radicals, Water treatment,
- MeSH
- dezinfekce * MeSH
- mikrocystiny MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku * MeSH
- sinice * MeSH
- Synechococcus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- mikrocystiny MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku * MeSH
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most commonly seen cardiovascular conditions across the globe. Junctional cadherin 5 associated (JCAD) protein is found in the intercellular junctions of endothelial cells and linked to cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, the influence of JCAD on cardiomyocyte injury caused by CHD is unclear. A model of H2O2-induced H9c2 cell injury was constructed, and JCAD mRNA and protein levels were assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The impacts of JCAD on the proliferation or apoptosis of H9c2 cells were explored by CCK-8 assay, Western blot and TUNEL staining. The effect of JCAD on the inflammatory response and vascular endothelial function of H9c2 cells was detected using ELISA kits. The levels of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins were assessed by Western blot. H2O2 treatment led to a rise in the levels of JCAD in H9c2 cells. Over-expression of JCAD promoted H2O2-induced cellular injury, leading to notably elevated contents of inflammatory factors, along with vascular endothelial dysfunction. In contrast to over-expression of JCAD, silencing of JCAD attenuated H2O2-induced cellular injury and inhibited apoptosis, inflammatory response and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Notably, JCAD could regulate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, while DKK-1, Wnt/β-catenin pathway antagonist, counteracted the enhancing impact of JCAD over-expression on H2O2-induced H9c2 cell injury, further confirming that JCAD acts by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In summary, over-expression of JCAD promoted H2O2-induced H9c2 cell injury by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, while silencing of JCAD attenuated the H2O2-induced cell injury.
- Klíčová slova
- JCAD, Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, coronary heart disease, inflammation, vascular endothelial function,
- MeSH
- apoptóza * účinky léků MeSH
- beta-katenin metabolismus MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- down regulace * účinky léků MeSH
- kadheriny metabolismus MeSH
- kardiomyocyty * metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- peroxid vodíku * farmakologie MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- signální dráha Wnt * účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- beta-katenin MeSH
- kadheriny MeSH
- peroxid vodíku * MeSH
Redox regulations and antioxidant defence play a central role in the acclimation of plants to their environment. Glutathione represents an essential component of the cellular antioxidant defence system, which keeps levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under control. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation with fluorescence detection is a sensitive method that enables analysis of reduced and oxidised glutathione levels in small samples of plant tissues or plant cell culture. We aimed to optimise the method to obtain more accurate information about the total level of glutathione and the proportion of the reduced form (GSH) by choosing the most suitable reduction reagent and the conditions under which the reduction occurs. The applicability of the developed method was verified by analysing tobacco cells treated with hydrogen peroxide, which caused a decrease in the GSH/total glutathione ratio. Significant changes in the level of glutathione as well as in the GSH/total glutathione ratio were also observed during tobacco cell culture development.
- Klíčová slova
- Glutathione, HPLC analysis, Monochlorobimane reagent, Nicotiana tabacum, tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine,
- MeSH
- glutathion * analýza MeSH
- kalibrace MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- oxidační stres * MeSH
- peroxid vodíku farmakologie MeSH
- rostlinné buňky * MeSH
- tabák * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie * metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- glutathion * MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a well-known type of over-the-counter painkillers and is frequently found in surface waterbodies, causing hepatotoxicity and skin irritation. Due to its persistence and chronic effects on the environment, innovative solutions must be provided to decompose APAP, effectively. Innovative catalysts of tungsten-modified iron oxides (TF) were successfully developed via a combustion method and thoroughly characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, a porosimetry analysis, Mössbauer spectroscopy, VSM magnetometry, and EPR. With the synthesis method, tungsten was successfully incorporated into iron oxides to form ferrites and other magnetic iron oxides with a high porosity of 19.7 % and a large surface area of 29.5 m2/g. Also, their catalytic activities for APAP degradation by activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) were evaluated under various conditions. Under optimal conditions, TF 2.0 showed the highest APAP degradation of 95 % removal with a catalyst loading of 2.0 g/L, initial APAP concentration of 5 mg/L, PMS of 6.5 mM, and pH 2.15 at room temperature. No inhibition by solution pHs, alkalinity, and humic acid was observed for APAP degradation in this study. The catalysts also showed chemical and mechanical stability, achieving 100 % degradation of 1 mg/L APAP during reusability tests with three consecutive experiments. These results show that TFs can effectively degrade persistent contaminants of emerging concern in water, offering an impactful contribution to wastewater treatment to protect human health and the ecosystem.
- Klíčová slova
- Acetaminophen, Advanced oxidation processes, Micropollutants, Peroxymonosulfate, Tungsten-modified iron oxides,
- MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu * chemie MeSH
- katalýza MeSH
- paracetamol * chemie MeSH
- peroxidy chemie MeSH
- wolfram * chemie MeSH
- železité sloučeniny * chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu * MeSH
- ferric oxide MeSH Prohlížeč
- paracetamol * MeSH
- peroxidy MeSH
- peroxymonosulfate MeSH Prohlížeč
- wolfram * MeSH
- železité sloučeniny * MeSH
The determination of metal-containing additives in plastic materials via acid digestion protocols has attracted growing interest to address potential environmental implications. However, the lack of protocol harmonization hinders data comparability within the literature. Here, six acid digestion protocols were employed to determine the metal(loid) content in plastics: these included three different acid mixtures (HNO3 combined with H2SO4, HCl or H2O2) for microwave-assisted digestion, with or without an additional room-temperature digestion step with H2O2. Each protocol was first validated for seven metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Sb, Sn and Zn) using a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) certified reference material (ERM®-EC681m). Then, validated protocols were applied on end-use materials, including conventional (i.e., LDPE) and compostable (i.e., PBAT/TPS) plastics. The combination of H2SO4 and HNO3 with a further digestion step with H2O2 was the most suitable protocol: it successfully passed validation thresholds for all metal(loid)s (recoveries in the range 98.6-101.0 %) and yielded the highest concentrations in end-use materials. All other protocols resulted in a less efficient digestion of the sample matrix, leading to lower recoveries and the formation of solid residues. Notably, end-use plastics showed a great variability in metal(loid) concentrations, likely due to their additive-rich composition, in contrast to the minimal content of acid-soluble additives of the reference material. This study represents an initial step towards the harmonization of acid digestion protocols and highlights new challenges in accurately analyzing end-use plastic materials, due to their complex additive composition.
- Klíčová slova
- Acid digestion, Additives, Metalloids, Metals, Microplastics, Polymers,
- MeSH
- antimon analýza MeSH
- arsen analýza MeSH
- kovy * analýza chemie MeSH
- mikrovlny MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- olovo analýza MeSH
- peroxid vodíku chemie MeSH
- plastické hmoty * chemie MeSH
- polyethylen * chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antimon MeSH
- arsen MeSH
- kovy * MeSH
- olovo MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
- plastické hmoty * MeSH
- polyethylen * MeSH
