Invasive fungal disease (IFD) early diagnosis improves hematological patient survival. Non-culture-based methods may reduce diagnostic time to identify IFD. As complex data on the value of 1,3-β-D-glucan (BDG) from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) compared to serum for the most frequent invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) diagnosis are scarce, particularly including evaluation of potential factors adversely affecting BDG assay, we provided prospective single-center analysis evaluating 172 episodes of pulmonary infiltrates with BDG detection in BALF and serum samples collected in parallel among hematological patients from 2006 to 2015. Proven and probable IPA were documented in 13.4% of the episodes. Sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive and negative predictive value (PPV; NPV), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of the BDG assay using standard (80 pg/ml) cut-off for BALF were: 56.5%; 83.2%; 34.2%; 92.5%, and 6.5, respectively, and for serum were: 56.5%; 82.6%; 33.3%; 92.5%, and 6.2, respectively. The same BDG assay parameters employing a calculated optimal cut-off for BALF (39 pg/ml) were: 78.3%; 72.5%; 30.5%; 95.6%, and 9.5, respectively; and for serum (40 pg/ml) were: 73.9%; 69.1%; 27.0%; 94.5%, and 6.3, respectively. While identifying acceptable SEN, SPE, and DOR, yet low PPV of both BALF and serum BDG assay for IPA diagnosis, neither the combination of both materials nor the new optimal BDG cut-off led to significant test quality improvement. Absolute neutrophil count and aspirated BALF volume with a significant trend affected BDG assay performance. The BDG test did not outperform galactomannan assay.

• MeSH
• beta-glukany analýza   krev   MeSH
• biologické markery analýza   krev   MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina chemie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hematologické nádory komplikace   MeSH
• invazivní plicní aspergilóza komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• beta-1,3-glucan MeSH Prohlížeč
• beta-glukany MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH

AIMS: To elucidate the role of alveolar macrophages (AM) in the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH), we tested the effects of sustained hypoxia on AM polarization and on the formation of superoxide by AM in vivo and in vitro. MAIN METHODS: Rat AM were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage. 4-day exposure to hypoxia (10% O2) was carried out in vivo (rats in isobaric hypoxic chamber, controls kept in air) or in vitro (control AM in 21% O2 and 5% CO2). Superoxide production was measured by luminol-orthovanadate chemiluminescence, AM polarization was detected immunocytochemically. To ascertain the effect of substances contained in the alveolar environment, we cultivated cells also in the presence of non-cellular components of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) either from controls or from rats exposed to 4 days of hypoxia. KEY FINDINGS: In vivo, but not in vitro, hypoxia increased AM superoxide production. Both types of hypoxia polarized AM into M2 (pro-proliferative) type. While the presence of control BALF attenuated superoxide production in AM cultivated in normoxia, BALF from the hypoxia-exposed rats had no effect. In AM cultivated in hypoxia, superoxide production was not altered by control BALF and elevated by BALF obtained from hypoxic rats. SIGNIFICANCE: Hypoxia does not influence superoxide production by AM directly but rather by modulating their milieu and their sensitivity to external influences.

• Klíčová slova
• Alveolar macrophage, Chronic hypoxia, Macrophage polarization, Superoxide,
• MeSH
• alveolární makrofágy metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina chemie   MeSH
• hypoxie patofyziologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• superoxidy metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• superoxidy MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Nanomaterials are materials consisting of particles having one or more dimensions smaller than 100 nm. Nanoparticles (NP) have different properties and effects in comparison with the same particle materials of larger size. They can penetrate through various membranes and get from the bloodstream to other organs in the body. Therefore, in our experiment we have dealt with the impact of nanoparticles TiO2 instilled intravenously (i.v.) (to a tail vein of an animal) on the selected parameters of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The aim of our study was to determine whether TiO2 nanoparticles do pass through the vascular system to the respiratory tract, and if so, how they affect the selected inflammatory and cytotoxic parameters of bronchoalveolar lavage. METHODS: Wistar rats were intravenously given a suspension of TiO2 nanoparticles in saline solution. This suspension contained 10% volume of rat serum in dose: 1.0% from LD50 = 0.592 mg/kg of animal body weight. After the time intervals 1, 7, 14 and 28 days, the animals were sacrificed under anaesthesia; bronchoalveolar lavage was performed and the BAL cells were isolated. We have examined these markers: differential count of BAL cells - alveolar macrophages (AM), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), lymphocytes (Ly); viability and phagocytic activity of AM; proportion of immature cells and cathepsin D enzyme levels. RESULTS: Regarding the respiratory toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles we have found that TiO2 nanoparticles are relatively inert. BAL examined parameters (except the immature form of AM) were not significantly changed after 28 days of instillation compared to the control group. We found that the TiO2 nanoparticles used in our study were transferred from the bloodstream to the respiratory tract, but in a 28-day phase after i.v. instillation have been largely eliminated by the defence mechanism from the respiratory tract. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest low biopersistence and relatively rapid elimination of TiO2 nanoparticles from the lung under used experimental conditions.

• Klíčová slova
• TiO2 nanoparticles, bronchoalveolar lavage, inflammatory and cytotoxic parameters, intravenous instillation,
• MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina chemie   MeSH
• intravenózní podání MeSH
• kovové nanočástice aplikace a dávkování   toxicita   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• titan aplikace a dávkování   toxicita   MeSH
• velikost částic MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• titan MeSH
• titanium dioxide MeSH Prohlížeč

Aspergillus are ubiquitous fungi that can cause serious illnesses in susceptible individuals. The most commonly infected organ is the lungs. The severity of the disease depends on the degree of the invasion of the lung tissue by fungi, which rises proportionally with the development of immunodeficiency. The only way to clearly determine the degree to which the lungs have been invaded is to carry out a histological examination of a sample of the infected tissue. Conventional mycological methods can detect the presence of the fungus in samples from a patient's airways by using microscopy or culture techniques. Furthermore, it is possible to determine the presence of the specific Aspergillus antigen, galactomannan, and of non-specific beta-D-glucan in the serum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The detection of antibodies against Aspergillus is only relevant for chronic forms of the disease. This article discusses the benefits of different mycological examination methods in the diagnosis of various forms of pulmonary aspergillosis.

• Klíčová slova
• pulmonary aspergillosis - microscopic examination - culture methods - galactomannan - beta-D-glucan - lateral flow device.,
• MeSH
• antigeny fungální * analýza   krev   MeSH
• Aspergillus izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina * chemie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• glukany analýza   krev   MeSH
• invazivní plicní aspergilóza * krev   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sérologické testy MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny fungální * MeSH
• glukany MeSH

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines produced by leukocytes and other types of cells including tumor cells. Their action is determined by the expression of cognate receptors and subsequent signaling in target cells, followed by the modulation of cytoskeletal proteins and the induction of other responses. In tumors, chemokines produced by neoplastic/stroma cells control the leukocyte infiltrate influencing tumor growth and progression. Tumor cells also express functional chemokine receptors responding to chemokine signals, promoting cell survival, proliferation and metastasis formation. Chemokines may be detected in serum of cancer patients, but due to the paracrine nature of these molecules, more significant concentrations are found in the tumor adjacent, non-vascular fluids, collectively called tumor proximal fluids. This review summarizes the expression of CC and CXC chemokines in these fluids, namely in interstitial fluid, pleural, ascitic, and cyst fluids, but also in urine, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, cervical secretions and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Most comparative clinical studies reveal increased chemokine levels in high-grade tumor proximal fluids rather than in low-grade tumors and benign conditions, indicating shorter survival periods. The data confirm peritumoral fluid chemokines as sensitive diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as offer support for chemokines and their receptors as potential targets for antitumor therapy.

• Klíčová slova
• chemokine, chemokine receptors, metastasis, tumor proximal fluids,
• MeSH
• ascitická tekutina chemie   MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina chemie   MeSH
• cervikální hlen chemie   MeSH
• chemokiny metabolismus   MeSH
• extracelulární tekutina chemie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metastázy nádorů MeSH
• moč chemie   MeSH
• mozkomíšní mok chemie   MeSH
• nádory metabolismus   MeSH
• pleura metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory chemokinů metabolismus   MeSH
• sliny chemie   MeSH
• tělesné tekutiny chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemokiny MeSH
• receptory chemokinů MeSH

BACKGROUND: Identification of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) biomarkers may facilitate diagnosis and prognostication in various lung disorders. OBJECTIVE: Serum and BALF levels of surfactant protein A (SP-A), surfactant protein D (SP-D), Clara cell protein 16 (CC16), S100 protein, trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), and prostatic secretory protein 94 (PSP94) were evaluated in 94 consecutive patients (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; n=18), sarcoidosis (n=25), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; n=51)), and in 155 healthy controls. METHODS: Biomarkers were measured at diagnosis and compared with disease characteristics. Both uniparametric and multiparametric analyses were used. RESULTS: Seven significant correlations were found: 1) BALF PSP94 level correlated with prognosis of sarcoidosis (P=0.035); 2) BALF SP-D level with pulmonary functions in IPF (P=0.032); 3) BALF SP-D and TFF3 with IPF mortality (P=0.049 and 0.017, respectively); 4) serum TFF3 level with COPD mortality (P=0.006,); 5) serum SP-A with pulmonary functions impairment in IPF (P=0.011); 6) serum SP-D level was associated with HRCT interstitial score in IPF (P=0.0346); and 7) serum SP-A was associated with staging of COPD according to spirometry (P<0.001). Moreover, our analysis showed that some biomarker levels differed significantly among the diseases: 1) BALF SP-D level differed between sarcoidosis and IPF; 2) serum SP-A level differed among IPF, sarcoidosis, COPD and was also different from healthy controls; 3) serum S100A6, S100A11 levels differed among IPF, sarcoidosis, COPD from healthy controls 4) serum SP-D, CC16, TFF-3 levels distinguished IPF patients from healthy controls; and 5) serum CC16, TFF3, PSP94 distinguished COPD patients from healthy controls. Our study shows that some of selected biomarkers should have prognostic value in the analysed lung disorders. On the other hand, these biomarkers do not appear to be unequivocally suitable for differential diagnosis of these disorders.

• Klíčová slova
• Surfactant protein A, surfactant protein D, Clara cell protein 16, S100 protein, trefoil factor 3, prostatic secretory protein 94, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease,
• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina chemie   MeSH
• chronická obstrukční plicní nemoc krev   diagnóza   mortalita   MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• faktor TFF3 krev   MeSH
• idiopatická plicní fibróza krev   diagnóza   mortalita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• plíce diagnostické zobrazování   metabolismus   patofyziologie   MeSH
• plicní sarkoidóza krev   diagnóza   mortalita   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• protein A asociovaný s plicním surfaktantem krev   MeSH
• protein D asociovaný s plicním surfaktantem krev   MeSH
• proteiny S100 krev   MeSH
• sekreční proteiny prostaty krev   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spirometrie MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• uteroglobin krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• beta-microseminoprotein MeSH Prohlížeč
• biologické markery MeSH
• faktor TFF3 MeSH
• protein A asociovaný s plicním surfaktantem MeSH
• protein D asociovaný s plicním surfaktantem MeSH
• proteiny S100 MeSH
• SCGB1A1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• sekreční proteiny prostaty MeSH
• TFF3 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• uteroglobin MeSH

The study was designed to prove the hypothesis that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fever elicits the changes in surfactant specific proteins, potentially related to thermal tachypnea. In adult rats fever was induced by intraperitoneal administration of LPS at a dose 100 microg/kg of body weight; control group received saline. Respiratory parameters, arterial blood gases and pH and colonic body temperature (BT) were recorded. Five hours later, surfactant proteins (SP) A, B, C and D were evaluated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue (LT). LPS evoked monophasic thermic response (at 300 min 38.7+/-0.2 vs. 36.4+/-0.3 °C, P 0.05) and an increase in minute ventilation due to changes in breathing rate and tidal volume. LPS-instilled animals had higher levels of SP-A and SP-D in LT (P 0.05 and 0.01), and higher SP-D in BALF (P 0.01) than controls. SP-B increased in LT and SP-C in BALF of animals with LPS (both P 0.05 vs. controls). The changes in all surfactant specific proteins are present in LPS-induced fever. Alterations of proteins related to local immune mechanisms (SP-A, SP-D) are probably a part of general inflammatory response to pyrogen. Changes in proteins related to surface activity (SP-B and SP-C) might reflect the effort of the body to stabilize the lungs in thermal challenge.

• MeSH
• aldosteron krev   MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina chemie   MeSH
• dýchání * MeSH
• horečka metabolismus   patofyziologie   MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou metabolismus   MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy MeSH
• náhodné rozdělení MeSH
• počet leukocytů MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• proteiny asociované s plicním surfaktantem analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• tělesná teplota MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• aldosteron MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy MeSH
• proteiny asociované s plicním surfaktantem MeSH

The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes of the pulmonary inflammatory process as a result of mechanical stress due to mechanical ventilation. The concentrations of IL-8, TNF-α, MIP-1β, nitrites/nitrates, and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) were investigated indicate in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Twenty-three piglets were divided into three groups. Group I: animals breathing spontaneously; group II: mechanical ventilation (tidal volume (TV) = 7 mL/kg, PEEP = 5 cmH(2)O); group III: mechanical ventilation (TV = 15 mL/kg, PEEP = 0 cmH(2)0). Concentrations of BAL nitrites/nitrates from groups II and III increased during the first hour of mechanical ventilation (P = .03 and .02, respectively). The highest expression of iNOS was observed during the first hour in groups II and III. IL-8 concentration increased significantly in groups II and III. Production of TNF-α increased significantly in group III during the second and third hour (P = .01). Concentration of MIP-1β was significantly increased in groups II and III after the first hour (P = .012 and P = .008, respectively).

• MeSH
• akutní poškození plic etiologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina chemie   cytologie   MeSH
• chemokin CCL4 metabolismus   MeSH
• cytokiny metabolismus   MeSH
• dechový objem MeSH
• dusičnany metabolismus   MeSH
• dusitany metabolismus   MeSH
• interleukin-8 metabolismus   MeSH
• plíce metabolismus   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• plicní alveoly metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• poddajnost plic fyziologie   MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• synthasa oxidu dusnatého, typ II metabolismus   MeSH
• TNF-alfa metabolismus   MeSH
• umělé dýchání škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• ventilace umělá s výdechovým přetlakem přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemokin CCL4 MeSH
• cytokiny MeSH
• dusičnany MeSH
• dusitany MeSH
• interleukin-8 MeSH
• synthasa oxidu dusnatého, typ II MeSH
• TNF-alfa MeSH

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the performance of a galactomannan (GM) assay in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid compared to serum samples for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in patients with hematological diseases. METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-five bronchoscopies were performed on 230 patients. Bronchial and alveolar samples from BAL fluid as well as serum samples were analyzed in the GM assay. RESULTS: Twenty-eight cases of IPA (11%) were diagnosed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the GM assay using a cut-off of 0.5 were 57.1%, 99.3%, 94.1%, and 92.5%, respectively, for the alveolar sample; 44.0%, 99.3%, 91.7%, and 91.4%, respectively, for the bronchial sample; and 60.7%, 100%, 100%, and 92.9%, respectively, for serum. The highest sensitivity (78.6%) with good specificity (98.6%) was obtained with a 'triple detection' of GM in bronchial, alveolar, and serum samples. Neutropenia and antifungal therapy for only 24h increased the sensitivity, while antifungal treatment for ≥ 2 days decreased assay performance. Moreover, a trend towards a higher volume of aspirated fluid in GM-negative BAL (p=0.092) was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to recently published data, we found only moderate sensitivity, but high specificity and high positive predictive value of the detection of GM in BAL fluid. In addition, neutropenia, antifungal therapy, and BAL standardization affected GM assay performance.

• MeSH
• antifungální látky škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Aspergillus chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina chemie   MeSH
• bronchoskopie MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• galaktosa analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• hematologické nádory komplikace   MeSH
• invazivní plicní aspergilóza diagnóza   farmakoterapie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• krevní nemoci komplikace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mannany analýza   krev   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• neutropenie komplikace   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antifungální látky MeSH
• galactomannan MeSH Prohlížeč
• galaktosa MeSH
• mannany MeSH

Upregulation of genes for interferon (IFN)-γ and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)3 expression, two crucial molecules in sarcoid inflammation and granuloma formation, is directly controlled by the T-helper (Th)1 transcription factor T-bet (T-box, expressed in T-cells). However, there is no information on T-bet expression in sarcoidosis or its relationship with "sarcoidosis-associated" genes. Therefore, we investigated expression of T-bet mRNA and, in parallel, a spectrum of genes known to be involved in sarcoidosis pathogenesis. Transcripts were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from 62 sarcoidosis patients and 25 controls by quantitative RT-PCR; T-bet protein was localised by immunohistochemistry. Patient's BAL cells expressed higher mRNA T-bet levels than those of controls (mean ± sd fold change 3.64 ± 1.72; p = 0.00006). T-bet mRNA expression did not vary between clinical phenotypes as assessed by chest radiography stage, presence/absence of Löfgren's syndrome, extrapulmonary/pulmonary involvement or progressing/remitting disease (p > 0.05). T-bet mRNA expression correlated with expression of IFN-γ, CC chemokine ligand 5, CXC chemokine ligand (CXC)10, interleukin (IL)-2 receptor/IL-15 receptor β, CXCR3 and CXCR6 (p < 0.01). T-bet protein was localised to alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes, tissue multinucleated giant cells, macrophages and lymphocytes. In pulmonary sarcoidosis, T-bet upregulation is associated with changes in expression of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and chemokines/receptors involved in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, which suggests a role for T-bet in this Th1 disease, including modulation of some sarcoidosis-associated genes.

• MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina chemie   cytologie   MeSH
• chemokin CCL5 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• exprese genu MeSH
• interferon gama genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfatické uzliny metabolismus   MeSH
• messenger RNA metabolismus   MeSH
• plíce metabolismus   MeSH
• plicní sarkoidóza genetika   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• proteiny T-boxu metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory chemokinů genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory CXCR3 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory CXCR6 MeSH
• receptory interleukinu-2 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Th1 buňky imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• upregulace * MeSH
• virové receptory genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• CCL5 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• chemokin CCL5 MeSH
• CXCR6 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• interferon gama MeSH
• messenger RNA MeSH
• proteiny T-boxu MeSH
• receptory chemokinů MeSH
• receptory CXCR3 MeSH
• receptory CXCR6 MeSH
• receptory interleukinu-2 MeSH
• T-box transcription factor TBX21 MeSH Prohlížeč
• virové receptory MeSH