BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease associated with a wide range of comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). Serum calprotectin, ANGPTL8, and oxidative damage to nucleic acids might be associated with both diseases. The presented study describes the influence of psoriasis and MetS on the serum levels of markers of systemic inflammation (calprotectin and ANGPTL8) and markers of oxidative damage to nucleic acids. The applicability of serum levels of calprotectin and ANGPTL8 for monitoring of the activity of psoriasis (diagnostic markers) is also evaluated. METHODS: Clinical examination (PASI score, MetS), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA). Serum calprotectin, ANGPTL8, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-hydroxyguanosine, and 8-hydroxyguanine. Results and Conclusions. The psoriasis significantly increased the serum level of calprotectin and the serum level of oxidative damage to nucleic acids, however not the serum level of ANGPTL8. The presence of MetS did not significantly affect the serum levels of calprotectin, ANGPTL8, and oxidative damage to nucleic acids in either psoriasis patients or controls. It seems that the serum level of calprotectin (but not the serum level of ANGPTL8) could be used as a biomarker for monitoring the activity of psoriasis.

• MeSH
• Angiopoietin-like Proteins blood   MeSH
• Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8 MeSH
• Biomarkers blood   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex blood   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Metabolic Syndrome diagnosis   MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Nucleic Acids metabolism   MeSH
• Oxidative Stress MeSH
• Peptide Hormones blood   MeSH
• DNA Damage MeSH
• Psoriasis diagnosis   MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Inflammation diagnosis   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Angiopoietin-like Proteins MeSH
• Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8 MeSH
• ANGPTL8 protein, human MeSH Browser
• Biomarkers MeSH
• Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex MeSH
• Nucleic Acids MeSH
• Peptide Hormones MeSH

BACKGROUND: Numerous articles related to S100 proteins have been recently published. This review aims to introduce this large protein family and its importance in the diagnostics of many pathological conditions in children and adults. DATA SOURCES: Based on original publications found in database systems, we summarize the current knowledge about the S100 protein group and highlight the most important proteins with focus on pediatric use. RESULTS: The S100 family is composed of Ca2+ and Zn2+ binding proteins, which are present only in vertebrates. Some of these proteins can be used as diagnostic markers in cardiology (S100A1, S100A12), oncology (S100A2, S100A5, S100A6, S100A14, S100A16, S100P, S100B), neurology (S100B), rheumatology (S100A8/A9, S100A4, S100A6, and S100A12), nephrology and infections (S100A8, S100A9, S100A8/A9, S100A12). The most useful S100 proteins in pediatrics are S100A8, S100A9, heterodimers S100A8/A9, S100B and S100A12. CONCLUSIONS: The S100 family members are promising biomarkers and provide numerous possibilities for implementation into clinical practice to optimize the differential diagnostic process.

• Keywords
• Diagnostics, Marker, Pediatrics, S100,
• MeSH
• Biomarkers blood   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neonatology * MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Pediatrics * MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Prognosis MeSH
• S100 Proteins blood   MeSH
• Sensitivity and Specificity MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Biomarkers MeSH
• S100 Proteins MeSH

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to investigate the role of von Willebrand factor (vWF), the vWF-cleaving protease, ADAMTS13, the composition of thrombus, and patient outcome following mechanical cerebral artery thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective cohort study included 131 patients with ischemic stroke (<6 hours) with or without intravenous thrombolysis. Interventional procedure parameters, hemocoagulation markers, vWF, ADAMTS13, and histological examination of the extracted thrombi were performed. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was used on hospital admission, after 24 hours, at day 7; the three-month modified Rankin Scale score was used. RESULTS Mechanical thrombectomy resulted in a Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia (TICI) score of 2-3, with recanalization in 89% of patients. Intravenous thrombolysis was used in 101 (78%). Patients with and without intravenous thrombolysis therapy had a good clinical outcome (score 0-2) in 47% of cases (P=0.459) using the three-month modified Rankin Scale. Patients with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥15 had significantly increased vWF levels (P=0.003), and a significantly increased vWF: ADAMTS13 ratio (P=0.038) on hospital admission. Significant correlation coefficients were found for plasma vWF and thrombo-embolus vWF (r=0.32), platelet (r=0.24), and fibrin (r=0.26) levels. In the removed thrombus, vWF levels were significantly correlated with platelet count (r=0.53), CD31-positive cells (r=0.38), and fibrin (r=0.48). CONCLUSIONS In patients with acute ischemic stroke, mechanical cerebral artery thrombectomy resulted in a good clinical outcome in 47% of cases, with and without intravenous thrombolysis therapy.

• MeSH
• Cerebral Arteries metabolism   pathology   MeSH
• Stroke blood   metabolism   surgery   MeSH
• Demography MeSH
• Blood Coagulation MeSH
• Brain Ischemia blood   metabolism   surgery   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• ADAMTS13 Protein metabolism   MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Thrombectomy * MeSH
• Thrombosis blood   immunology   metabolism   MeSH
• von Willebrand Factor metabolism   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Inflammation pathology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• ADAMTS13 protein, human MeSH Browser
• ADAMTS13 Protein MeSH
• von Willebrand Factor MeSH

BACKGROUND: The role of glucan in the stimulation of immune reactions is well established. In our report, we focused on the effects of orally administered glucan on nonspecific immunity of children with chronic respiratory problems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured the levels of albumin, lysozyme. C-reactive protein (CRP) and calprotectin in the saliva of 60 children ages 8-12 years and evaluated the effects of 30-day treatment with 100 mg/d oral dose of glucan. RESULTS: We found a significant increase in the production of lysozyme, CRP and calprotectin in glucan-treated children. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term oral application of natural immunomodulator β-glucan significantly stimulated mucosal immunity of children with chronic respiratory problems.

• Keywords
• Glucan, children, lysozyme, mucosal immunity, saliva,
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Innate immunity is shaped by a complex of redundant and pleiotropic factors that ensure recognition, alert and suppression of pathogens. Innate immune responses in the gut are complicated by the requirement of parallel tolerance to commensal microflora predominating in cell numbers and species. In normal individuals, the intestinal mucosa together with relevant lymph nodes represents a robust barrier against systemic spread of non-typhoid Salmonella. Contemporary insights into these defense mechanisms are reviewed.

• MeSH
• Gastrointestinal Tract immunology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Immunity, Innate * MeSH
• Salmonella immunology   MeSH
• Salmonella Infections immunology   MeSH
• Immunity, Mucosal * MeSH
• Intestinal Mucosa immunology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH

Probiotics modulate production of both cytokine and antimicrobial peptides. This effect can be regarded as a part of complex interplay between them and the host.

• MeSH
• Bifidobacterium immunology   MeSH
• Cytokines metabolism   MeSH
• Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides metabolism   MeSH
• Lactobacillus immunology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Probiotics pharmacology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Cytokines MeSH
• Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides MeSH

The pig amnion was in vivo intraamniotically infected with E. coli for 10 h at 80-85 d of gestation either with the nonpathogenic O86 strain or enteropathogenic O55 strain. TNF-alpha, IL-10, IL-1beta and IFN-gamma were determined in amniotic fluids by ELISA, the expression of cytokines and some other inflammatory markers was determined by immunohistochemistry. Intraamniotic infection induced high levels of TNF-alpha in amniotic fluids which correlated with bacterial virulence whereas IL-10 was induced only by O86. The IL-1beta level did not increase significantly and was expressed in all infected membranes. IFN-gamma was negligible or absent. TNF-alpha, IL-12p40, calprotectin, HSP65 and gp91phox were found by immunohistochemistry only in amnion membranes infected with the enteropathogenic strain 055.

• MeSH
• Amnion immunology   microbiology   MeSH
• Biomarkers metabolism   MeSH
• Cytokines metabolism   MeSH
• Escherichia coli immunology   pathogenicity   MeSH
• Escherichia coli Infections immunology   microbiology   veterinary   MeSH
• Pregnancy Complications, Infectious immunology   microbiology   veterinary   MeSH
• Interferon-gamma metabolism   MeSH
• Interleukin-1 metabolism   MeSH
• Interleukin-10 metabolism   MeSH
• Swine Diseases immunology   microbiology   MeSH
• Swine MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism   MeSH
• Inflammation immunology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Biomarkers MeSH
• Cytokines MeSH
• Interferon-gamma MeSH
• Interleukin-1 MeSH
• Interleukin-10 MeSH
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha MeSH