Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus equorum, and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains were isolated from Bryndza cheese and identified using PCR method. The antimicrobial susceptibility of these strains was assessed using disc diffusion method and broth microdilution method. The highest percentage of resistance was detected for ampicillin and oxacillin, and in contrary, isolates were susceptible or intermediate resistant to ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol. Fourteen of the S. xylosus isolates (45%) and eleven of the S. equorum isolates (41%) exhibited multidrug resistance. None of the S. epidermidis isolate was multiresistant. The phenotypic resistance to oxacillin was verified by PCR amplification of the gene mecA.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• bakteriální léková rezistence * MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• potravinářská mikrobiologie * MeSH
• rezistence na methicilin MeSH
• Staphylococcus klasifikace   účinky léků   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• sýr mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH

Strains identified in ovine cheese and bryndza by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis belonged to ten species of non-enterococcal lactic acid bacteria and included Lactobacillus casei/Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Pediococcus acidilactici. The susceptibility toward antibiotics was determined in lactobacilli, lactococci and pediococci and also in Escherichia coli for comparison. Analysis of L. fermentum and pediococci revealed the presence of non-wild-type epidemiological cut-offs in streptomycin, clindamycin or gentamicin. E. coli were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, enrofloxacin and florfenicol. No extended spectrum β-lactamases were detected.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• Bacteria účinky léků   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• ovce MeSH
• sýr mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH

An occurrence of resistance to tetracycline (TET) and erythromycin (ERY) was ascertained in 82 isolates of Enterococcus spp. of animal and environmental origin. Using E test, 33 isolates were resistant to TET and three isolates to ERY. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR; single and multiplex), the TET determinants tet(M) and tet(L) were detected in 35 and 13 isolates, respectively. Twelve isolates carried both tet(M) and tet(L) genes. Eight isolates possessed ermB gene associated with ERY resistance. Multiplex PCR was shown to be a suitable method for simultaneous determination of all three resistance determinants that occurred most frequently in bacteria isolated from poultry. This study also demonstrates that gastrointestinal tract of broilers may be a reservoir of enterococci with acquired resistance to both TET and ERY that can be transferred to humans via food chain.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• bakteriální geny účinky léků   MeSH
• DNA bakterií analýza   MeSH
• drůbež mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Enterococcus účinky léků   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• gastrointestinální trakt mikrobiologie   MeSH
• makrolidy farmakologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence genetika   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• tetracyklin farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• DNA bakterií MeSH
• makrolidy MeSH
• tetracyklin MeSH

The development of resistance to quinolones (nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin) in 2006-2008 was evaluated in 317 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from healthy chicken broilers from various farms. The isolates (2006/2007/2008) showed a high resistance to nalidixic acid (87/85/67 %), ciprofloxacin (CIP) (49/54/29 %) and enrofloxacin (ENR) (52/42/22 %). Nalidixic acid-resistant isolates with low level of MIC for CIP and ENR represented a single mutation; intermediary MIC for CIP and ENR were related to two mutations and high level resistance MIC for CIP (> or =4 mg/L) and ENR (> or =16 mg/L) represented three mutations (two in gyrA and one in parC). There was a correlation between the phenotype reading of high-level resistance and mutations in gyrA (Ser83Leu, Asp87Tyr or Asp87Asn) and parC (Ser80Ile) gene. Plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance qnrS gene was detected in one Escherichia coli strain with a high level of ciprofloxacin resistance. Our results demonstrate the increase in occurrence of multiresistant E. coli strains with a high level of chromosomal and plasmid resistance to fluoroquinolones.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• bakteriální chromozomy MeSH
• bakteriální léková rezistence * MeSH
• chinolony farmakologie   MeSH
• DNA gyráza genetika   MeSH
• DNA-topoisomerasa IV genetika   MeSH
• Escherichia coli účinky léků   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• kur domácí mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• missense mutace MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• plazmidy MeSH
• proteiny z Escherichia coli genetika   MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• substituce aminokyselin MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• chinolony MeSH
• DNA gyráza MeSH
• DNA-topoisomerasa IV MeSH
• proteiny z Escherichia coli MeSH

Enterococci isolated from 28 different commercially available feeds (10-1000 CFU/mL) were identified and their probiotic potential was determined. Species identification of 22 selected strains was performed by intergenic length-polymorphism analysis (tRNA-PCR); PCR products were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis. Six strains were allotted to the species Enterococcus faecium, four to E. faecalis, one to E. hirae; the remaining strains were not classed. The strains were sensitive to vancomycin, ampicillin, tetracycline and rifampicin. They were able to adhere to human as well as canine intestinal mucus. They produced lactic acid (0.99-1.04 mmol/L) and most of them were urease-positive with sufficient survival in 5 % Oxgall-bile. They did not show any inhibitory activity due to antimicrobial substances. Plasmid DNA was detected in 8 strains, the bands responding to small molecular size (10 kbp). Considering all probiotically important properties, E. faecium strain EE3 was suggested as potential feed additive.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• Enterococcus chemie   účinky léků   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• krmivo pro zvířata mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kyselina mléčná metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• probiotika chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• psi MeSH
• střeva mikrobiologie   MeSH
• ureasa metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• psi MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny MeSH
• kyselina mléčná MeSH
• ureasa MeSH

Twelve lactobacilli isolates from mucosa of 3-5-week-old weaned pigs were found to exert good antimicrobial activity against common porcine pathogens (S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli, C. perfringens). Two of them produced in addition to lactic acid also considerable amounts of acetic acid, and 6 of them produced hydrogen peroxide and metabolites other than organic acids. Isolates 4/26 and 2/25 (identified as L. crispatus or L. amylovorus) were inhibitory against most strains of S. aureus, B. cereus and E. coli, and especially the strain 4/26 survived well in simulated gastric and intestinal juice. Diarrhea-causing E. coli O8K88H9 Ent(+) was successfully inhibited by the growing culture as well as by the catalase-treated and neutralized supernatant of L. reuteri 12/26. Mucin degradation and multiple resistance to antibiotics were not observed.

• MeSH
• antibiotická rezistence MeSH
• Bacillus cereus účinky léků   MeSH
• Clostridium perfringens účinky léků   MeSH
• Escherichia coli účinky léků   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• ileum mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kultivační média speciální farmakologie   MeSH
• kultivační média chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• kyselina mléčná farmakologie   MeSH
• Lactobacillus účinky léků   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• muciny metabolismus   MeSH
• nemoci prasat prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• odstavení MeSH
• peroxid vodíku metabolismus   MeSH
• přirozená imunita MeSH
• probiotika MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků   MeSH
• střevní sliznice mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Sus scrofa mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kultivační média speciální MeSH
• kultivační média MeSH
• kyselina mléčná MeSH
• muciny MeSH
• peroxid vodíku MeSH