Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) is defined for the presence of ideal behavioral and health metrics known to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). The association of circulatory phospho- and sphingo-lipids to primary reduction in cardiovascular risk is unclear. Our aim was to determine the association of CVH metrics with the circulating lipid profile of a population-based cohort. Serum sphingolipid and phospholipid species were extracted from 461 patients of the randomly selected prospective Kardiovize study based on Brno, Czech Republic. Lipids species were measured by a hyphenated mass spectrometry technique, and were associated with poor CVH scores, as defined by the American Heart Association. Phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) species were significantly lower in ideal and intermediate scores of health dietary metric, blood pressure, total cholesterol and blood fasting glucose compared to poor scores. Current smokers presented higher levels of PC, PE and LPE individual species compared to non-smokers. Ceramide (Cer) d18:1/14:0 was altered in poor blood pressure, total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose metrics. Poor cardiovascular health metric is associated with a specific phospho- and sphingolipid pattern. Circulatory lipid profiling is a potential biomarker to refine cardiovascular health status in primary prevention strategies.

• Klíčová slova
• cardiovascular health, lipidomics, mass spectrometry, phospholipids, sphingolipids,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Existing data have described benefits and drawbacks of alcohol consumption on cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but no research has evaluated its association with the cardiovascular health (CVH) score proposed by the American Heart Association. Here, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis on the Kardiovize cohort (Brno, Czech Republic), to investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and CVH. We included 1773 subjects (aged 25-64 years; 44.2% men) with no history of CVD. We compared CVD risk factors, CVH metrics (i.e., BMI, healthy diet, physical activity level, smoking status, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and total cholesterol) and CVH score between and within several drinking categories. We found that the relationship between drinking habits and CVH was related to the amount of alcohol consumed, drinking patterns, and beverage choices. Heavy drinkers were more likely to smoke tobacco, and to report diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol at higher level than non-drinkers. Among drinkers, however, people who exclusively drank wine exhibited better CVH than those who exclusively drank beer. Although our findings supported the hypothesis that drinking alcohol was related to the CVH in general, further prospective research is needed to understand whether the assessment of CVH should incorporate information on alcohol consumption.

• Klíčová slova
• cardiometabolic health, cardiovascular disease, drinking habits, nutritional epidemiology, public health,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• ethanol aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci chemicky indukované   MeSH
• kouření tabáku MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH
• krevní tlak MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pití alkoholu škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• pivo MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• víno MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ethanol MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH

Comparisons among countries can help to identify opportunities for the reduction of inequalities in cardiometabolic health. The present cross-sectional analysis and meta-analysis aim to address to what extent obesity traits, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors determine poor metabolic health across body mass index (BMI) categories in two urban population-based samples from Central Europe. Data from the CoLaus (~6,000 participants; Lausanne, Switzerland) and the Kardiovize Brno 2030 (~2,000 participants; Brno, Czech Republic) cohorts. For each cohort, logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the main determinants of poor metabolic health overall and stratified by body mass index (BMI) categories. The results of each cohort were then combined in a meta-analysis. We first observed that waist circumference and body fat mass were associated with metabolic health, especially in non-obese individuals. Moreover, increasing age, being male, having low-medium educational level, abdominal obesity, and high body fat mass were the main determinants of the metabolically unhealthy profile in both cohorts. Meta-analysis stratified by BMI categories confirmed the previous results with slight differences across BMI categories. In fact, increasing age and being male were the main determinants of poor metabolic health independent of obesity status. In contrast, low educational level and current smoking were associated with poor metabolic health only in non-obese individuals. In line, public health strategies against obesity and related comorbidities should aim to improve social conditions and to promote healthy lifestyles before the progression of metabolic disorders.

• Klíčová slova
• behaviors, metabolism, obesity, public health, social factors,
• MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Evropa MeSH
• Švýcarsko epidemiologie   MeSH

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of death worldwide, is strongly affected by diet. Diet can affect CVD directly by modulating the composition of vascular plaques, and indirectly by affecting the rate of aging. This review summarizes research on the relationships of fasting, meal timing, and meal frequency with CVD incidence and progression. Relevant basic research studies, epidemiological studies, and clinical studies are highlighted. In particular, we discuss both intermittent and periodic fasting interventions with the potential to prevent and treat CVD.

• Klíčová slova
• Blood pressure, Caloric restriction, Cardiovascular disease, Fasting, Fasting mimicking diet,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

OBJECTIVE: While circulating nucleosome levels are high in obese mouse models, it is unknown where these nucleosomes originate from and whether they are a marker of cardio-metabolic health in humans. Here, we aimed to determine whether an association exists between circulating nucleosomes and the risk of developing obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and/or a dysfunctional cardiovascular performance. METHODS: We randomly selected 120 participants of the Kardiovize Brno 2030 study across three BMI strata: BMI 18-25, 25-30, and > 30. We assessed the association between circulating nucleosome levels and the risk of obesity, MetS, and poor cardiovascular health. We then cultured human neutrophils, adipocytes, and hepatoma cells to study nucleosome origins in a fat-rich environment. RESULTS: Circulating nucleosome levels positively correlated with BMI (R = 0.602, p < 0.05), fatty liver index (R = 0.622, p < 0.05), left ventricular mass (R = 0.457, p < 0.05), and associated with MetS (p < 0.001) and poor cardiovascular health (p < 0.001). Incubating neutrophils with 1-10 μM free fatty acids triggered nucleosome production without concomitant cell death. Nucleosomes were not produced during pre-adipocyte differentiation or upon incubation of hepatic cells with palmitic acid. CONCLUSIONS: Neutrophils are a bona fide source of circulating nucleosomes in an obesogenic environment and in overweight/obese patients. High nucleosome levels are associated with MetS and cardiovascular performance, and might represent novel candidate biomarkers for cardio-metabolic health.

• Klíčová slova
• Cardiovascular disease, Epigenetics, Liquid biopsy, Metabolic health, Nucleosome,
• MeSH
• buňky Hep G2 MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci etiologie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom krev   komplikace   MeSH
• nadváha krev   komplikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• neutrofily cytologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• nukleozomy metabolismus   MeSH
• obezita krev   komplikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tukové buňky cytologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• nukleozomy MeSH

Little is still known about the effect of dietary patterns on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Here, we derived dietary patterns by principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluated their association with LV structure, function, and remodelling. Our cross-sectional study included 438 members (aged 25-65 years; 59.1% women) of the Kardiovize Brno 2030 with no history of cardiovascular disease. Two dietary patterns were derived using PCA, namely prudent and western. Primary outcomes were echocardiographic parameters and LV geometric patterns, such as concentric LV remodelling (cLVR), concentric LVH (cLVH), and eccentric LVH (eLVH). Interestingly, participants with high adherence to the prudent dietary pattern had decreased odds of cLVH after adjustment for socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral covariates (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.08-0.88; p = 0.031). By contrast, several echocardiographic parameters increased with increasing adherence to the western dietary pattern, which resulted in higher odds of cLVH among participants with high adherence (OR = 5.38, 95% CI = 1.17-23.58; p = 0.035). Although our findings may have an immediate relevance for public-health strategies, further large-size prospective studies should be encouraged to better understand the observed association and their causality.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrokardiografie MeSH
• kardiomegalie patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• logistické modely MeSH
• remodelace komor * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční komory diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of pet ownership, and specifically dog ownership, with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors and cardiovascular health (CVH) in the Kardiovize Brno 2030 study, a randomly selected prospective cohort in Central Europe. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included 1769 subjects (aged from 25 to 64 years; 44.3% males) with no history of CVD who were recruited from January 1, 2013, to December 19, 2014. We compared sociodemographic characteristics, CVD risk factors, CVH metrics (ie, body mass index, healthy diet, physical activity level, smoking status, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and total cholesterol), and score between pet owners and non-pet owners or dog owners and several other subgroups. RESULTS: Approximately 42% of subjects owned any type of pet: 24.3% owned a dog and 17.9% owned another animal. Pet owners, and specifically dog owners, were more likely to report physical activity, diet, and blood glucose at ideal level, and smoking at poor level, which resulted in higher CVH score than non-pet owners (median, 10; interquartile range = 3 vs median, 9; interquartile range = 3; P=0.006). Compared with owners of other pets, dog owners were more likely to report physical activity and diet at ideal level. The comparison of dog owners with non-dog owners yielded similar results. After adjustment for covariates, dog owners exhibited higher CVH scores than non-pet owners (β=0.342; SE=0.122; P=0.005), other pet-owners (β=0.309; SE=0.151; P=0.041), and non-dog owners (β=0.341; SE=0.117; P=0.004). CONCLUSION: Except for smoking, dog owners were more likely to achieve recommended level of behavioral CVH metrics (physical activity and diet) than non-dog owners, which translated into better CVH.

• Klíčová slova
• AHA, American Heart Association, BMI, body mass index, CVD, cardiovascular disease, CVH, cardiovascular health, IQR, interquartile range,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Obesity and hypertension independently promote pathological left ventricular remodelling (LVR) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), but to what extent they do so when they do not coexist is unclear. We used data from the Cardiovision Brno 2030 study to assess-for the first time in a region where no investigations have been previously carried out-the independent association of obesity and hypertension with LV geometry, and to evaluate the effects of hypertension in normal weight patients and the effects of obesity in normotensive patients. Overall, 433 individuals, aged 25⁻65 years, with no history of cardiovascular disease and/or antihypertensive treatment, were stratified into four groups according to BMI and hypertension: normal weight non-hypertensive (NWNH), normal weight hypertensive (NWH), overweight/obese non-hypertensive (ONH) and overweight/obese hypertensive (OH). LVR was classified as normal, concentric LVR (cLVR), concentric LVH (cLVH) or eccentric LVH (eLVH). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) are the main predictors of LV mass and that they interact: SBP had a stronger effect in overweight/obese (β = 0.195; p = 0.033) compared to normal weight patients (β = 0.134; p = 0.048). Hypertension increased the odds of cLVR (OR = 1.78; 95%CI = 1.04⁻3.06; p = 0.037) and cLVH (OR = 8.20; 95% CI = 2.35⁻28.66; p = 0.001), independent of age, sex and BMI. Stratified analyses showed that NWH had a greater odd of cLVH (OR = 7.96; 95%CI = 1.70⁻37.08; p = 0.008) and cLVR (OR = 1.62; 95%CI = 1.02⁻3.34; p = 0.047) than NWNH. In the absence of hypertension, obesity was not associated with LVM and abnormal LV geometry, suggesting that it is not per se a determinant of LVR. Thus, antihypertensive therapy still remains the first-line approach against LVH in hypertensive patients, though weight loss interventions might be helpful in those who are obese.

• Klíčová slova
• blood pressure, cardiac hypertrophy, epidemiology, left ventricular remodelling, obesity,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

In the European Union, Czech Republic ranks 3rd and 6th for the incidence of obesity and cardiovascular diseases, respectively. Worldwide, short sleep duration and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) characterize obese subjects, which in turn exhibit scarce physical activity and unhealthy diet. We aimed to understand the relationship between irregular sleep patterns, obesity and lifestyle factors, such as diet and physical activity, in a vulnerable Czech population. 1482 members of the Kardiovize cohort, a random sample of the Czech urban population, were included in a cross-sectional study. Exposure variables included self-reported sleep duration and EDS, assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Primary outcomes were BMI and waist-to-hip ratio or prevalence of obesity and central obesity. Covariates included physical activity and diet. Associations and interactions between variables were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. After adjustment for covariates, short sleep duration (<7 h) was associated with greater odds of overweight (BMI > 25; OR = 1.42; 95%CI = 1.06⁻1.90; p = 0.020) and obesity (BMI > 30; OR = 1.40; 95%CI = 1.02⁻1.94; p = 0.047), while EDS was associated with greater odds of central obesity (OR = 1.72; 95%CI = 1.06⁻2.79; p = 0.030), independent of diet and physical activity. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of our study, further prospective, large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the etiological link and causality between sleep disturbances and obesity.

• Klíčová slova
• body mass index, central obesity, diet, overweight, physical activity,
• MeSH
• abdominální obezita MeSH
• bdění * MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• dieta MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• logistické modely MeSH
• nadváha MeSH
• obezita komplikace   MeSH
• odds ratio MeSH
• poměr pasu a boků MeSH
• poruchy spánku a bdění etiologie   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• sedavý životní styl MeSH
• spánek * MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti * MeSH
• zpráva o sobě MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) could be handled by lifestyle interventions, its relationship with dietary patterns remains unclear in populations from Central Europe. Using data from the Kardiovize Brno cohort, the present study aims to identify the main dietary patterns and to evaluate their association with MetS risk in a random urban sample from Brno, Czech Republic. In a cross-sectional study of 1934 subjects aged 25⁻65 years (44.3% male), dietary patterns were derived by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administration and principal component analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation statement. Logistic regression models were applied. High adherence to the prudent dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of abdominal obesity, abnormal glucose concentration, and MetS. By contrast, high adherence to the western dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of abnormal glucose, triglycerides and blood pressure levels. Whilst our results confirm the deleterious effect of a western dietary pattern on several metabolic risk factors, they also indicate that the consumption of a diet rich in cereals, fish, fruit and vegetables is associated with a healthier metabolic profile. However, further prospective research is warranted to develop and validate novel potential preventive strategies against MetS and its complications.

• Klíčová slova
• diabetes, diet, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, metabolic disorders, nutrition, obesity,
• MeSH
• abdominální obezita epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
• chování snižující riziko MeSH
• dieta - přehledy MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dyslipidemie epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• hypertenze epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• logistické modely MeSH
• metabolický syndrom diagnóza   epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• nutriční hodnota MeSH
• ochranné faktory MeSH
• odds ratio MeSH
• poruchy metabolismu glukózy epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• rozdělení chí kvadrát MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti * MeSH
• zdravá strava MeSH
• zdraví ve městech MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH