Online social networks have become an everyday aspect of many people's lives. Users spend more and more time on these platforms and, through their interactions on social media platforms, they create active and passive digital footprints. These data have a strong potential in many research areas; indeed, understanding people's communication on social media is essential for understanding their attitudes, experiences, behaviors and values. Researchers have found that the use of social networking sites impacts eating behavior; thus, analyzing social network data is important for understanding the meaning behind expressions used in the context of healthy food. This study performed a communication analysis of data from the social network Twitter, which included 666,178 messages posted by 168,134 individual users. These data comprised all tweets that used the #healthyfood hashtag between 2019 and 2020 on Twitter. The results revealed that users most commonly associate healthy food with a healthy lifestyle, diet, and fitness. Foods associated with this hashtag were vegan, homemade, and organic. Given that people change their behavior according to other people's behavior on social networks, these data could be used to identify current and future associations with current and future perceptions of healthy food characteristics.

• Klíčová slova
• Twitter, healthy food, homemade food, organic food, social media analysis, vegan,
• MeSH
• biopotraviny MeSH
• komunikace MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sociální média * MeSH
• sociální sítě MeSH
• vegani MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

This paper presents a Guideline for calculating nutrient content of foods by calculation methods for food business operators and presents data on compliance between calculated values and analytically determined values. In the EU, calculation methods are legally valid to determine the nutrient values of foods for nutrition labelling (Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011). However, neither a specific calculation method nor rules for use of retention factors are defined. EuroFIR AISBL (European Food Information Resource) has introduced a Recipe Calculation Guideline based on the EuroFIR harmonized procedure for recipe calculation. The aim is to provide food businesses with a step-by-step tool for calculating nutrient content of foods for the purpose of nutrition declaration. The development of this Guideline and use in the Czech Republic is described and future application to other Member States is discussed. Limitations of calculation methods and the importance of high quality food composition data are discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• EU regulation, EuroFIR, EuroFIR harmonised recipe calculation procedure, Food business operators, Guideline for calculating nutrient content, Nutrition declaration,
• MeSH
• analýza potravin MeSH
• databáze faktografické MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nutriční hodnota MeSH
• označování potravin MeSH
• potraviny * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Acrylamide is a toxic compound found in occupational and non-occupational environment. It originates from industrial use, technological processes in construction as well as food production, water purification, and laboratory use. Adverse effects including neurotoxicity, probably carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, and reproductive toxicity were reported in many studies. Our study is focused on acrylamide content in selected food products in the Czech Republic. METHOD: In this study, we determined acrylamide content in selected samples of commonly consumed food products (potato chips, biscuits, popcorn, corn flakes, breakfast cereals, and baked muesli). RESULTS: The concentration of acrylamide in most samples of potato chips, biscuits and popcorn exceeded the benchmark limits. The acrylamide content in samples of potato chips from one manufacturer in 4 cases out of 5 analysed samples exceeded benchmark limit. On the other hand, no corn flakes sample acrylamide content from the same manufacture exceeded the benchmark limit. With 20 of all analysed samples exceeding the benchmark levels for acrylamide, it can be concluded that 47.6% of samples did not comply with the benchmark level. CONCLUSION: Dietary intake of frequently consumed food products with the acrylamide content exceeding the recommended comparative value could have adverse effects on the human health. Our study confirmed high amount of acrylamide in some selected food samples. The reduction of dietary burden with acrylamide is possible by complying with the correct technological principles in food preparation.

• Klíčová slova
• acrylamide, dietary burden, food technology, process contaminants,
• MeSH
• akrylamid * analýza   MeSH
• analýza potravin * MeSH
• dieta MeSH
• kontaminace potravin analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• manipulace s potravinami MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• akrylamid * MeSH

Electrochemical sensors and electroanalytical techniques become emerging as effective and low-cost tools for rapid assessment of special parameters of the food quality. Chemically modified electrodes are developed to change properties and behaviour, particularly sensitivity and selectivity, of conventional electroanalytical sensors. Within this comprehensive review, novel trends in chemical modifiers material structure, electrodes construction and flow analysis platforms are described and evaluated. Numerous recent application examples for the detection of food specific analytes are presented in a form of table to stimulate further development in both, the basic research and commercial field.

• Klíčová slova
• Electroanalytical sensors, Electrode chemical modifier, Flow analysis, Food analysis, Food specific analytes monitoring, Nanomaterials,
• MeSH
• analýza potravin * přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• elektrochemické techniky * přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• elektrody * MeSH
• kontaminace potravin * analýza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

A Total Diet Study (TDS) consists of selecting, collecting and analysing commonly consumed foods to obtain concentration data of different chemical compounds in foods as eaten. A TDS food list summarises the most consumed foods and represents the dietary habits of the general population of the country under study. The work reported here investigated whether TDS food lists that were initially designed for the whole population of the country under study also sufficiently cover the dietary pattern of specific subpopulations that are extra vulnerable for certain contaminants. The work was performed using data of three European countries: the Czech Republic, France and the UK. Each national food consumption database was combined with the corresponding national TDS food list (containing 336, 212 and 119 food items for the Czech Republic, France and the UK, respectively). The data were aggregated on the highest level of hierarchy of FoodEx-1, a pan-European food classification system, including 20 main FoodEx-1 groups. For the group 'milk and dairy products', the coverage of the consumption by the food list was investigated for more refined subgroups. For each food group or subgroup and country, the average percentage of coverage of the diet by the national TDS food list was calculated for different subpopulations, including children versus adults, women versus men, vegetarians versus non-vegetarians, and women of child-bearing age versus older women. The average diet of the different subpopulations was sufficiently covered by the food list of the Czech Republic and France. For the UK the average coverage was low due to a different food-coding approach and because food lists were not derived directly from national food consumption data. At the level of the 20 main food groups, differences between the subpopulations with respect to the average coverage of consumption by the TDS food list were minimal. The differences were more pronounced when looking in detail at the coverage of the dairy consumption. TDS food lists based on the mean consumption of the general population are also applicable to study the chemical exposure of different subpopulations, e.g. children, women of child-bearing age and vegetarians. This lowers the effort when performing a TDS.

• Klíčová slova
• Total Diet Studies (TDS), dietary exposure, food consumption, food contaminants, food intake, food list,
• MeSH
• dieta statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potraviny klasifikace   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• přijímání potravy etnologie   fyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti etnologie   fyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Francie MeSH
• Spojené království MeSH

Apples represent the main component of most fruit-based baby food products. Since not only fruit from organic farming, but also conventionally grown fruit is used for baby food production, the occurrence of pesticide residues in the final product is of high concern. To learn more about the fate of these hazardous compounds during processing of contaminated raw material, apples containing altogether 21 pesticide residues were used for preparation of a baby food purée both in the household and at industrial scale (in the baby food production facility). Within both studies, pesticide residues were determined in raw apples as well as in final products. Intermediate product and by-product were also analysed during the industrial process. Determination of residues was performed by a sensitive multi-detection analytical method based on liquid or gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The household procedure involved mainly the cooking of unpeeled apples, and the decrease of residues was not extensive enough for most of the studied pesticides; only residues of captan, dithianon and thiram dropped significantly (processing factors less than 0.04). On the other hand, changes in pesticide levels were substantial for all tested pesticides during apple processing in the industrial baby food production facility. The most important operation affecting the reduction of residues was removal of the by-products after pulping (rest of the peel, stem, pips etc.), while subsequent sterilisation has an insignificant effect. Also in this case, captan, dithianon and thiram were identified as pesticides with the most evident decrease of residues.

• Klíčová slova
• apple, baby food, pesticide residue, processing,
• MeSH
• chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kontaminace potravin analýza   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Malus chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• manipulace s potravinami metody   MeSH
• potrava pro kojence analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• rezidua pesticidů analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• rezidua pesticidů MeSH

While the use of food additives is common manufacturing practice, the levels used in food have to be compliant with the prescribed legislation. For fast control of present levels of food additives in products, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with a triple quadrupole linear ion trap (QTRAP) mass analyser was applied to develop a method for the simultaneous determination of 41 frequently added food additives and flavourings, including 16 water-soluble colourants, 14 illegal dyes, 7 sweeteners, 2 preservatives, and 2 purine alkaloids. The method was validated using energy drink, chilli powder, condiment, and jelly sweets as food sample matrices. The average recovery values were in the range of 70‒120%, and the relative standard deviations were less than 10% for the majority of the analytes. The validated method was applied for the analysis of 134 samples from the Czech market.

• Klíčová slova
• Food colourants, Sudan dyes, UPLC-MS/MS, adulteration, multimethod,
• MeSH
• analýza potravin * metody   MeSH
• chuťové esence analýza   MeSH
• kapalinová chromatografie-hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• kontaminace potravin * analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• limita detekce MeSH
• nápoje * analýza   MeSH
• potravinářské přísady * analýza   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie metody   MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• validační studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chuťové esence MeSH
• potravinářské přísady * MeSH

Food contact materials (FCMs) may release their chemical components into food and thus raise safety concerns. This paper attempted to study the presence of four major groups of FCM-related endocrine disruptors in fatty food: dialkyl phthalates, bisphenols, printing ink photoinitiators, and polyfluoroalkyl substances. All 41 target compounds were analyzed simultaneously by means of liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The sample preparation was significantly streamlined to reduce analysis costs by employing acetonitrile extraction, extract modification by water, and refrigeration at 5 °C. The new method was validated and applied to 60 real samples, including edible oils, butter, and chocolate, where 16 target compounds were measured at levels ≤13000 ng/g. The study also described the blank level increase and sensitivity loss caused by impurities present in the HPLC methanol solvent.

• Klíčová slova
• endocrine disruptors, fatty food, food contact materials, liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry, liquid−liquid extraction, methanol-associated sensitivity loss,
• MeSH
• analýza potravin metody   MeSH
• benzhydrylové sloučeniny analýza   MeSH
• fenoly analýza   MeSH
• kontaminace potravin analýza   MeSH
• kyseliny ftalové analýza   MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie metody   MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• benzhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
• bisphenol A MeSH Prohlížeč
• fenoly MeSH
• kyseliny ftalové MeSH
• phthalic acid MeSH Prohlížeč

Histamine is a heterocyclic amine formed by decarboxylation of the amino acid l-histidine. It is involved in the local regulation of physiological processes but also can occur exogenously in the food supply. Histamine is toxic at high intakes; therefore, determination of the histamine level in food is an important aspect of food safety. This article will review the current understanding of physiological functions of endogenous and ingested histamine with a particular focus placed on existing and emerging technologies for histamine quantification in food. Methods reported in this article are sequentially arranged and provide a brief overview of analytical methods reported, including those based on nanotechnologies.

• Klíčová slova
• analytical chemistry, biogenic amines, food safety, histamine,
• MeSH
• analýza potravin metody   MeSH
• bezpečnost potravin MeSH
• biosenzitivní techniky metody   trendy   MeSH
• histamin analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nanotechnologie metody   trendy   MeSH
• nápoje analýza   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• histamin MeSH

BACKGROUND: Early adulthood is a period of rapid personal development when individuals experience major life transitions (e.g. leaving the parental home, leaving education, beginning employment, cohabitation and parenthood). Changes in social and physical environments associated with these transitions may influence development of health-related behaviours. Consumption of fast food is one behaviour associated with poor diet and long-term health outcomes. In this study we assess how frequency of fast food consumption changes across early adulthood, and how major life transitions are associated with changes in fast food intake. METHODS: Data were collected across four waves of the Project EAT study, from mean age 14.9 (SD = 1.6) to mean age 31.1 (SD = 1.6) years. Participants reporting data at two or more waves were included (n = 2902). Participants reported past week frequency of eating food from a fast food restaurant and responded to questions on living arrangements, education and employment participation, and having children. To assess changes in fast food we developed a latent growth model incorporating an underlying trajectory of fast food intake, five life transitions, and time-invariant covariates. RESULTS: Mean fast food intake followed an underlying quadratic trajectory, increasing through adolescence to a maximum of 1.88 (SE 0.94) times/week and then decreasing again through early adulthood to 0.76 (SE 2.06) times/week at wave 4. Beginning full-time employment and becoming a parent both contributed to increases in fast food intake, each resulting in an average increase in weekly fast food intake of 0.16 (p < 0.01) times/week. Analysis of changes between pairs of waves revealed stronger associations for these two transitions between waves 1-2 (mean age 14.9-19.4 years) than seen in later waves. Leaving the parental home and beginning cohabitation were associated with decreases in fast food intake of - 0.17 (p = 0.004) and - 0.16 (p = 0.007) times/week respectively, while leaving full-time education was not associated with any change. CONCLUSIONS: The transitions of beginning full-time employment and becoming a parent were associated with increases in fast food intake. Public health policy or interventions designed to reduce fast food intake in young adults may benefit from particular focus on populations experiencing these transitions, to ameliorate their impact.

• Klíčová slova
• Diet, Education, Employment, Fast food, Life transition, Longitudinal, Parenthood, Partner, Young adult,
• MeSH
• dieta statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průmyslově zpracované potraviny statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti fyziologie   MeSH
• zdravé chování fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH