Recent evidence indicates that the nature of interactions between the nervous system and immune system is important in the pathogenesis of depression. Specifically, alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokines have been related to the development of several psychological and neurobiological manifestations of depressive disorder, as well as to stress exposure. A number of findings point to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as one of the central factors in these processes. Accordingly, in the present study, we test the hypothesis that specific influences of chronic stressors related to traumatic stress and dissociation are related to alterations in TNF-α levels. We performed psychometric measurement of depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]-II), traumatic stress symptoms (Trauma Symptom Checklist [TSC]-40), and psychological and somatoform dissociation (Dissociative Experiences Scale [DES] and Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire [SDQ]-20, respectively), and immunochemical measure of serum TNF-α in 66 inpatients with unipolar depression (mean age 43.1 ± 7.3 years). The results show that TNF-α is significantly related to DES (Spearman R=-0.42, P<0.01), SDQ-20 (Spearman R=-0.38, P<0.01), and TSC-40 (Spearman R=-0.41, P<0.01), but not to BDI-II. Results of the present study suggest that TNF-α levels are related to dissociative symptoms and stress exposure in depressed patients.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Severe mental illnesses like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are disabling, chronic conditions that are often accompanied by medical comorbidities. In this theoretical article, we review the allostatic load model representing the "wear and tear" that chronic stress exacts on the brain and body. We propose an innovative way of monitoring physical and psychiatric comorbidities by integrating the allostatic load model into clinical practice. By interpreting peripheral biomarkers differently, medical professionals can calculate a simple, count-based, allostatic load index known to predict diverse stress-related pathologies. In addition to screening for comorbidities, allostatic load indices can be used to monitor the effects of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions. This framework can also be used to generate a dialogue between patient and practitioner to promote preventive and proactive approaches to health care.
- MeSH
- alostáza fyziologie MeSH
- duševní poruchy epidemiologie patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- komorbidita * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- behaviorální výzkum metody MeSH
- biomedicínský výzkum metody MeSH
- cytokiny imunologie izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- depresivní poruchy etiologie imunologie MeSH
- disociační poruchy * diagnóza etiologie imunologie MeSH
- imunitní systém * fyziologie patologie MeSH
- imunomodulace imunologie MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky metody využití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nervový systém * imunologie MeSH
- příznaky a symptomy MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- psychický stres imunologie komplikace psychologie MeSH
- psychometrie metody MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- TNF-alfa imunologie izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zdravotnická zařízení MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- ateroskleróza enzymologie komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- depresivní poruchy * enzymologie metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fyziologický stres fyziologie MeSH
- interleukin-6 * izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolický syndrom enzymologie komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- nádory enzymologie komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- psychický stres enzymologie patofyziologie MeSH
- reakce akutní fáze enzymologie komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- schizofrenie enzymologie metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- TNF-alfa izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zánět * enzymologie komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- metaanalýza MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
